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词条 Kamorta-class corvette
释义

  1. Construction

  2. Design and Description

     General characteristics and propulsion  Electronics and sensors   Armament  

  3. Ships of the class

  4. Export

     Philippines Navy  Brazilian Navy 

  5. Criticisms

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

{{good article}}{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2013}}
}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image = INS Kamorta (P28) during trials.JPG Ship caption = INS Kamorta during sea trials Ship image size = 300px
}}{{Infobox ship class overview		Name= Kamorta classBuilders= Garden Reach Shipbuilders and EngineersIndia}}Kora|corvette|4}} by precedence
  • {{sclass-|Abhay|corvette|4}} by role.
Class after= Project 28A class (planned)[1]Subclasses=78|b|0}} program cost[2]Built range=In service range=In commission range=Total ships building= 1Total ships planned= 4[2]Total ships completed= 3Total ships cancelled=Total ships active= 3Total ships laid up=Total ships lost=Total ships retired=Total ships preserved=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		 Hide header = Header caption = Ship class = Ship type = Anti-submarine warfare corvette3300|t}} full load[3] Ship tons burthen =109|m|ft|abbr=on}}[3]13.7|m|ft|abbr=on}}[3] Ship height = Ship draught = Ship draft = Ship depth = Ship hold depth = Ship decks = Ship deck clearance = Ship ramps = Ship ice class =20,384|hp|abbr=on}} Ship propulsion = *CODAD: 4 × Pielstick 12PA 6 STC6 Diesel engines[4] Ship sail plan =25|kn}}[4]3450|nmi|km|lk=in|-3}}[5] Ship endurance = Ship test depth = Ship boats = Ship capacity = Ship troops = Ship complement = 193 (13 officers)[5] Ship crew = Ship time to activate = Ship sensors = *BEL Revathi 3-D E/F-band radar
  • HUMSA-NG bow-mounted sonar
  • BEL Lynx U1 fire-control radar
  • IAC Mod C fire-control system[4]
  • 1 × Atlas Elektronik towed array sonar (to be fitted)[5]
 Ship EW = *Sanket electronic warfare system
  • Kavach decoy launcher
  • CMS-28 combat management system[4]
 Ship armament = *1 × OTO Melara 76 mm Super Rapid Gun Mount (SRGM)
  • 2 × AK-630M close-in weapon system
  • 2 × RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launcher
  • 4 × 533 mm DTA-53 torpedo tubes[4]
 Ship armour = Ship armor = Ship aircraft = 1 × Ka-28PL or HAL Dhruv[4] Ship aircraft facilities = Rail-less helo traversing system and foldable hangar door[6][7] Ship notes =
}}

The Kamorta-class corvettes or Project 28 are a class of anti-submarine warfare corvettes currently in service with the Indian Navy. Built at Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata, they are the first anti-submarine warfare stealth corvettes to be built in India.[8] Project 28 was approved in 2003, with construction of the lead ship, {{INS|Kamorta}} commencing on 12 August 2005. Three of the four corvettes, INS Kamorta, {{INS|Kadmatt}} and {{INS|Kiltan}} were commissioned in 2014, 2016 and 2017 respectively. {{INS|Kavaratti}} is under construction and slated to be completed by May 2019.[19]

The platform and major internal systems of this class of corvettes are indigenously designed and built.[1] The corvettes are named after the islands in the Lakshadweep archipelago.

The Kamorta class corvettes are intended to succeed the Kora-class corvette by precedence and Abhay-class corvette by role.

Construction

The order for four Kamorta-class corvettes were placed in 2003 by the Indian Navy. Construction of the lead ship, INS Kamorta began in the year 2005 and the keel was laid down in 2006 at Garden Reach Ship Builders and Engineers, Kolkata. The ship was launched in the year 2010 and was inducted into the navy in 2014 after a series of delays.[1] Construction of the second ship in the row, INS Kadmatt followed and the keel was laid in 2007. The corvette was launched in 2011 and was inducted in the early 2016. INS Kiltan was laid down in 2010 and launched in 2013. While the last ship of its class, INS Kavaratti was laid down in 2012 and launched in 2015. Both the ships are expected to be completed by the end of 2017.[8]

The project's objective was to enhance localization and development of warship construction industry in India. The navy asked the Indian industries to deliver equipment of higher sophistication levels than usual. This led to some unforeseen delays in the product delivery, and struggles perfecting the products.[9][10]

All the ships of this class are built using DMR 249A special grade high-tensile steel,[3] produced by the state-owned Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials. The main machinery is raft mounted, and each gear unit and its associated engines are mounted on a common raft. The diesel engines are license built by Kirloskar under SEMT Pielstick of France. DCNS supplies the noise-suppressing raft-mounted gearbox for CODAD propulsion. Wärtsilä India manufactures the low-vibration diesel alternators to power the on-board electronics.[9][11]

The ships also includes an integrated ship management system (ISMS) from L-3 MAPPS which combines an integrated platform management system and bridge management system into a single integrated system.[12]

INS Kiltan and INS Kavaratti are to be more advanced than their elder ships. In a first, composite materials, imported from Kockums, Sweden, are used for the construction of the superstructures. This resulted in increased stealth features, reduced weight relative to typical superstructures built with steel, anti-corrosive and fire resistant. It's also projected for the ships to have some additional armament and new features.[13][14][15]

Design and Description

In 2003, under the code name Project 28, the Indian Navy placed an order for four ASW corvettes. The corvette's design was originally planned to be based on the Russian corvette Project 2038.2, however the basic design was later provided by the Indian Navy's Directorate of Naval Design, followed by the detailed design by GRSE.[16] The design includes many stealth ship features, including reductions in acoustic signature and vibration of the vessels.[17]

The class incorporates some major features including but not limited to the 'X'-shaped hull form to improve stealth, a raft-mounted propulsion system to reduce vibration, and an infrared signature suppression system.[5] It also includes networks such as the Total Atmospheric Control System (TACS), Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS), Integrated Bridge System (IBS), Battle Damage Control System (BDCS) and Personnel Locator System (PLS). The ships also include technology that enables them to fight in Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC) warfare scenarios. The Indian Navy claims that the indigenization achieved in these ships is about 90%.[3]

General characteristics and propulsion

The overall length of the Kamorta-class corvettes is {{convert|109|m|abbr=on}}, and the beam spans {{convert|13.7|m|abbr=on}}. The ships displace about {{convert|2500|t}} at standard load and {{convert|3500|t}} when fully loaded. Each ship compliments 180 sailors and 13 officers.[5]

They are propelled by four Pielstick 12 PA6 STC Diesel engines, each with a power of {{convert|5,096|hp|abbr=on}} in CODAD configuration. They also have two controllable pitch propellers which helps the ship achieve maximum speeds in excess of {{convert|25|kn}}.[3]

Electronics and sensors

The Kamorta-class corvettes boast a wide variety of sensors. Given below are the list of known sensors in the corvette:

  • BEL Revathi 3-D E/F-band radar
  • HUMSA-NG bow-mounted sonar
  • BEL Lynx U1 fire-control radar
  • IAC Mod C fire-control system[4]
  • 1 × Atlas Elektronik towed array sonar (to be fitted)[5]

Armament

The armament of the class includes a license-built OTO Melara 76 mm Super Rapid Gun in a stealth mount and a weapons layout similar to what is found on the {{sclass-|Talwar|frigate|0}} and {{sclass-|Shivalik|frigate}}s, two Larsen & Toubro built derivatives of the RBU-6000 anti-submarine rocket launcher, as well as Larsen & Toubro torpedo tube launchers, and a pair of AK-630M close-in weapon system (CIWS). The fire-control system is the Bharat Electronics IAC Mod C system.[5]

There is an option on the ship to include surface-to-air missiles (SAM). But it is unclear as to which SAM will be integrated into the Kamorta-class corvette. Options include Barak 1 and the Barak 8.[18] The corvette can hold one helicopter, which currently is a Westland Sea King Mk.42B helicopter.[3]

Ships of the class

All the ships names of the class are reincarnations of ships from the previous {{sclass-|Arnala|corvette}}s which are considered to be the spiritual predecessors of the Kamorta class.[19]

Name Pennant Laid down Launched Commissioned Home-port
Kamorta}} P 28 [44]{{rp>57}} 19 April 2010[20] 23 August 2014[21] Visakhapatnam
Kadmatt}}P 29 [44]{{rp>57}} 25 October 2011[22] 7 January 2016[23]
Kiltan}} P 30 10 August 2010[24] 26 March 2013[25] 16 October 2017[6]
Kavaratti}}[26]{{rp>58}} 19 May 2015[7] May 2019 (expected)[27]

Export

Philippines Navy

Under a modernization program, the Philippines Navy sought to purchase two light frigates, each displacing {{convert|2000|t}}, spanning {{convert|109|m|abbr=on}} in length, capable of cruising at {{convert|25|kn|abbr=on}} and be able to sail in sea state 7. In the bidding process, GRSE was selected as the lowest bidder among the contenders, Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering, Hyundai Heavy Industries and Navantia. The deal was said to cost more than {{INRconvert|21.57|b|0}}.[28][29] However, based on a post qualification assessment, GRSE was disqualified on the grounds of not meeting the financial capability requirements [30]

Brazilian Navy

GRSE has submitted proposal for Brazilian Navy's Tamandaré-class future corvette program. GRSE is offering a modified Kamorta class of 2,800 tonnes with weapons and sensors on par with its Philippines offer. The projects will be completed in Brazil's local shipyard for which GRSE has teamed up with Sinergy Group Corporate for local production.[31]

Criticisms

At 3,400 tons, the vessel is argued to be a small frigate rather than a corvette, and poorly armed. Allegedly the Indian Navy wanted a vessel with the endurance of a 3,400-ton frigate and an armament of a 1,200-ton corvette.[32]

See also

  • List of active Indian Navy ships
  • Future ships of the Indian Navy

References

1. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Pike|first1=John|title=Project 28 ASW Corvette|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/p-28.htm|accessdate=18 August 2016|work=www.globalsecurity.org|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808075024/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/p-28.htm|archivedate=8 August 2016|df=dmy-all}}
2. ^1 {{cite news|title=INS Kavaratti: Anti-submarine warfare class stealth corvette launched|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/ins-kavaratti-anti-submarine-warfare-class-stealth-corvette-launched/articleshow/47341938.cms|accessdate=18 August 2016|work=The Economic Times|date=19 May 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107170342/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/ins-kavaratti-anti-submarine-warfare-class-stealth-corvette-launched/articleshow/47341938.cms|archivedate=7 November 2016|df=dmy-all}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|title=INS Kadmatt commissioned at Visakhapatnam|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/content/ins-kadmatt-commissioned-visakhapatnam|website=indiannavy.nic.in|accessdate=18 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830034247/http://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/ins-kadmatt-commissioned-visakhapatnam|archivedate=30 August 2016|df=dmy-all}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|last1=Rahmat|first1=Ridzwan|last2=Hardy|first2=James|title=Indian Navy takes delivery of first anti-submarine corvette|url=http://www.janes.com/article/41112/indian-navy-takes-delivery-of-first-anti-submarine-corvette|work=IHS Jane's Navy International|date=22 July 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140902020104/http://www.janes.com/article/41112/indian-navy-takes-delivery-of-first-anti-submarine-corvette|archivedate=2 September 2014}}
5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|last1=Mazumdar|first1=Mrityunjoy|title=Indian Navy commissions second Kamorta-class ASW corvette|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57037/indian-navy-commissions-second-kamorta-class-asw-corvette|work=IHS Jane's Navy International|date=6 January 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109040324/http://www.janes.com/article/57037/indian-navy-commissions-second-kamorta-class-asw-corvette|archivedate=9 January 2016}}
6. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Gupta|first1=Jayanta|title=INS Kiltan commissioned to Navy by defence minister Nirmala Sitharaman|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ins-kiltan-commissioned-to-navy-by-defence-minister-nirmala-sitharaman/articleshow/61103387.cms|work=The Times of India|date=16 October 2017|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221213511/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ins-kiltan-commissioned-to-navy-by-defence-minister-nirmala-sitharaman/articleshow/61103387.cms|archivedate=21 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}
7. ^1 {{cite web|title=‘Kavaratti’ - Fourth Ship of Project – 28 (Anti Submarine Warfare Corvette) Launched at GRSE, Kolkata|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=121851|website=Press Information Bureau|date=19 May 2015|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221100308/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=121851|archivedate=21 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}
8. ^1 {{cite news|title=INS Kamorta: All you need to know about India's indigenous warship|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-ins-kamorta-all-you-need-to-know-about-india-s-indigenous-warship-2013021|accessdate=17 August 2016|work=dna|date=23 August 2014|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924232808/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-ins-kamorta-all-you-need-to-know-about-india-s-indigenous-warship-2013021|archivedate=24 September 2015|df=dmy-all}}
9. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/warship-project-delayed-to-buildprivate-sector/365553/ |title=Warship project delayed to build up private sector |publisher=Business Standard |last=Shukla |first=Ajai |date=1 August 2009 |accessdate=27 September 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331135840/http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/warship-project-delayed-to-buildprivate-sector/365553/ |archivedate=31 March 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
10. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/strict-adherence-to-indigenisation-norm-delays-production-of-antisub-warfare-ships/article10030638.ece|title=Strict adherence to indigenisation norm delays production of anti-sub warfare ships|last=Nair-Ghaswalla|first=Amrita|date=2018-01-12|work=The Hindu Business Line|access-date=2018-01-13|language=en|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303201840/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/strict-adherence-to-indigenisation-norm-delays-production-of-antisub-warfare-ships/article10030638.ece|archivedate=3 March 2018|df=dmy-all}}
11. ^{{cite news|title=Bharat-Rakshak.com :: NAVY - Project 28 Class|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/ships/future/188-project-28.html|work=bharat-rakshak.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222055851/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Future/188-Project-28.html|archivedate=22 February 2014}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.mapps.l-3com.com/newsletters/MCN21.pdf |title=The Power of Two: Combined IPMS + IBS for the Indian Navy P28 Stealth Corvettes |publisher=MCS News |issue=21 |date=June 2010 |accessdate=27 September 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121224081406/http://www.mapps.l-3com.com/newsletters/MCN21.pdf |archivedate=24 December 2012 |df=dmy-all }}
13. ^{{cite web|title = GRSE’s last two ASW corvettes to be very advanced: Navy - Times of India|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/GRSEs-last-two-ASW-corvettes-to-be-very-advanced-Navy/articleshow/50288359.cms|website = The Times of India|accessdate = 2016-01-01|deadurl = no|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160112095042/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/GRSEs-last-two-ASW-corvettes-to-be-very-advanced-Navy/articleshow/50288359.cms|archivedate = 12 January 2016|df = dmy-all}}
14. ^{{cite web|title = INS Kavaratti launched - Times of India|url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/INS-Kavaratti-launched/articleshow/47346159.cms|website = The Times of India|accessdate = 2016-01-01|deadurl = no|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160120071323/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/INS-Kavaratti-launched/articleshow/47346159.cms|archivedate = 20 January 2016|df = dmy-all}}
15. ^{{cite news|title=Navy experimenting with composite superstructure for warships|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/navy-experimenting-with-composite-superstructure-for-warships/articleshow/47056945.cms|work=The Economic Times|agency=PTI|date=27 April 2015|accessdate=1 January 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403011707/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/navy-experimenting-with-composite-superstructure-for-warships/articleshow/47056945.cms|archivedate=3 April 2016|df=dmy-all}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/p-28.htm |title=Project 28 ASW Corvette |publisher=globalsecurity.org |date=27 February 2014 |accessdate=27 September 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222103746/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/p-28.htm |archivedate=22 December 2014 |df=dmy-all }}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.georgians.in/article_detail.asp?aid=307 |title=Anti-submarine corvette for Navy next year |first=Amarjeet |last=Malik |publisher=General Military School |work=Georgians News |date= |accessdate=27 September 2014 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224095042/http://www.georgians.in/article_detail.asp?aid=307 |archivedate=24 February 2015 |deadurl=yes}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/indian-navy-test-fires-missile-developed-with-israel-115122900967_1.html|title=Indian Navy test-fires missile developed with Israel|accessdate=2015-12-29|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151231220739/http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/indian-navy-test-fires-missile-developed-with-israel-115122900967_1.html|archivedate=31 December 2015|df=dmy-all}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-gets-its-first-90-indigenous-warship-114082300277_1.html|title=India gets its first "90 per cent indigenous" warship|work=Business Standard|location=Visakhapatnam|date=23 August 2014|first=Ajai|last=Shukla|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220033451/http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-gets-its-first-90-indigenous-warship-114082300277_1.html|archivedate=20 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}
20. ^{{cite news|last1=Bose|first1=Raktima|title=India's first anti-submarine warfare corvette launched|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/Indias-first-anti-submarine-warfare-corvette-launched/article16023305.ece|work=The Hindu|date=20 April 2010|language=en-IN|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180303201839/http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/Indias-first-anti-submarine-warfare-corvette-launched/article16023305.ece|archivedate=3 March 2018|df=dmy-all}}
21. ^{{cite news|last1=Subrahmanyam|first1=G. S.|title=INS Kamorta joins Eastern Fleet|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indigenously-built-stealth-antisubmarine-warfare-corvette-ins-kamorta-joins-navys-eastern-fleet/article6345357.ece|work=The Hindu|date=24 August 2014|language=en-IN|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221105955/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indigenously-built-stealth-antisubmarine-warfare-corvette-ins-kamorta-joins-navys-eastern-fleet/article6345357.ece|archivedate=21 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}
22. ^{{cite news|last1=Dutta|first1=Ananya|title=INS Kadmatt launched|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ins-kadmatt-launched/article2571592.ece|work=The Hindu|date=26 October 2011|language=en-IN|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029211941/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ins-kadmatt-launched/article2571592.ece|archivedate=29 October 2013|df=dmy-all}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=Boost for Indian Navy's firepower: INS Kadmatt, anti-submarine warfare corvette, commissioned|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/boost-for-indian-navys-firepower-ins-kadmatt-anti-submarine-warfare-corvette-commissioned/articleshow/50482501.cms|work=The Economic Times|date=7 January 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180221035611/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/boost-for-indian-navys-firepower-ins-kadmatt-anti-submarine-warfare-corvette-commissioned/articleshow/50482501.cms|archivedate=21 February 2018|df=dmy-all}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.grse.nic.in/Keel%20Laying.pdf |title=Keel Laying – Anti Submarine Warfare Corvette GRSE Yard No. 3019 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719195011/http://www.grse.nic.in/Keel%20Laying.pdf |archivedate=19 July 2011 }}
25. ^{{cite news|last1=Kumar|first1=Vinay|title=Third anti-submarine warfare corvette launched in Kolkata|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/third-antisubmarine-warfare-corvette-launched-in-kolkata/article4551845.ece|work=The Hindu|date=27 March 2013|language=en-IN|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130328101228/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/third-antisubmarine-warfare-corvette-launched-in-kolkata/article4551845.ece|archivedate=28 March 2013|df=dmy-all}}
26. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers: Committed to Self Reliance in Maritime Security|url=http://grse.gov.in/pdf/GRSE_Coffee%20Table%20Book_low.pdf|publisher=Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223214212/http://grse.gov.in/pdf/GRSE_Coffee%20Table%20Book_low.pdf|archivedate=23 February 2017|df=dmy-all}}
27. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/grse-to-diversify-into-exports-may-bag-guyanese-order-soon-118091600301_1.html|title=GRSE to diversify into exports, may bag Guyanese order soon|accessdate=16 September 2018}}
28. ^{{cite news|title=GRSE to Export Light Frigates to Philippines|url=https://www.defensenews.com/global/asia-pacific/2016/05/12/grse-to-export-light-frigates-to-philippines/|accessdate=19 August 2016|work=DefenseNews}}
29. ^{{cite news|title=GRSE close to sealing deal with Philippines on warship export|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/grse-close-to-sealing-deal-with-philippines-on-warship-export-116060800588_1.html|work=Business Standard|agency=PTI|date=8 June 2016|accessdate=19 August 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822061523/http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/grse-close-to-sealing-deal-with-philippines-on-warship-export-116060800588_1.html|archivedate=22 August 2016|df=dmy-all}}
30. ^{{cite news|title=Losing bidders buck P18-b Navy deal|url=http://thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/209491/losing-bidders-buck-p18-b-navy-deal-.html|work=Manila Standard|date=30 June 2016|accessdate=12 November 2016|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111201224/http://thestandard.com.ph/news/-main-stories/209491/losing-bidders-buck-p18-b-navy-deal-.html|archivedate=11 November 2016|df=dmy-all}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/81422/grse-unveils-design-proposal-for-brazilian-corvette-programme|title=GRSE unveils design proposal for Brazilian corvette programme|accessdate=29 June 2018}}
32. ^{{cite news|title=Kamorta Project 28 ASW Corvette - Design|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/p-28-design.htm|accessdate=12 November 2016|work=Global Security|language=en-us|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112212824/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/india/p-28-design.htm|archivedate=12 November 2016|df=dmy-all}}

External links

{{Commons category|Kamorta class corvette}}
  • {{cite web|title=Bharat-Rakshak.com :: NAVY - Project 28 Class|url=http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Future/188-Project-28.html|website=Bharat-Rakshak.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222055851/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/NAVY/Ships/Future/188-Project-28.html|archivedate=22 February 2014|deadurl=yes}}
  • P-28 Specifications – Global Security
  • Kamorta Class Analysis - Defencyclopedia
{{Kamorta-class corvette}}{{Ship classes of the Indian Navy}}{{Corvettes_of_the_Indian_Navy}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Kamorta-class corvette}}

3 : Kamorta-class corvettes|Naval ships of India|Ships built in India
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