“Kashibo language”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Kashibo language

释义

Phonology
Consonants Vowels
Statistics
References
External links

{{Infobox language
|name=Cashibo
|nativename=Cacataibo
|states=Perú
|ethnicity=Cashibo people
|speakers={{sigfig|1150|2}}
|date=2007
|ref=e18
|familycolor=American
|fam1=Panoan
|fam2=Mainline Panoan
|dia1=Cashibo
|dia2=Cacataibo
|dia3=Rubo / Isunbo
|dia4=Nocaman
|lc1=cbr|ld1=Kashibo
|lc2=nom|ld2=Nocaman
|glotto=cash1251
|glottorefname=Cashibo-Cacataibo
}}

Cashibo (Caxibo, Cacibo, Cachibo, Cahivo), Cacataibo, Cashibo-Cacataibo, Managua, or Hagueti is an indigenous language of Peru in the region of the Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers. It belongs to the Panoan language family.

Dialects are Kashibo (Kaschinõ), Rubo/Isunbo, Kakataibo, and Nokaman, which until recently had been thought to be extinct.

Phonology

Consonants

	Bilabial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar		Glottal
	Bilabial	Alveolar	Retroflex	Palatal	plain	lab.	Glottal
Plosive	p}}	t}}	k}}	kʷ}}	ʔ}}
Nasal	m}}	n}}	ɲ}}
Tap/Flap	ɾ}}
Affricate	t͡s}}	t͡ʃ}}
Fricative	s}}	ʂ}}	ʃ}}
Approximant	β̞}}	j}}	w}}

The consonant inventory includes both a bilabial approximant, realized as [β̞], and a labial-velar approximant /w/.

Vowels

Front	Central	Back
Close	i}}	ɨ}}	u}}
Mid	e}}	o}}
Open	a}}

Back vowels /o/ and /u/ are phonetically realized as less rounded; [o̜], [u̜].^[1]

Statistics

The language is official along the Aguaytía, San Alejandro, and Súngaro rivers in Perú where it is most widely spoken. It is used in schools until third grade. There are not many monolinguals, although some women over the age of fifty are.

There is five to ten percent literacy compared to fifteen to twenty-five percent literacy in Spanish as a second language. A Cashibo-Cacataibo dictionary has been compiled, and there is a body of literature, especially poetry.

References

1. ^{{Cite book|title=A Grammar of Kashibo-Kakataibo|last=Biondi|first=Roberto Zariquiey|publisher=La Trobe University|year=2011|isbn=|location=Melbourne, Australia|pages=}}

Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|0-19-509427-1}}.
Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. {{ISBN|0-292-70414-3}}.

External links

ELAR archive of Cashibo-Cacataibo language documentation materials

2 : Languages of Peru|Panoan languages

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