| 词条 | Kaybʼil Bʼalam |
| 释义 |
Kaybʼil Bʼalam (alternatively written Kaibil Balam) was a 16th-century leader of the Mam people in the Maya kingdom in the western highlands of Guatemala.[1] During the time of the Spanish invasion, the Mam population was mainly situated in Xinabahul (now modern-day Huehuetenango). However, due to the Spanish conquest, the people returned to the stone fortifications of Zaculeu for protection. The city was attacked in 1525 by conquistador Gonzalo de Alvarado y Contreras, brother of Pedro de Alvarado.[2] Kaybʼil Bʼalam and his warriors successfully repelled the attempted siege by the Spanish forces for several months until being forced to surrender after being reduced to the verge of starvation.[3] In 1975, the Guatemalan Army created a special operations force, the Kaibiles, named after Kaybʼil Bʼalam. The group is centered out of Huehuetenango ("Land of the Old") some 5 km from the original stand off site at Zaculeu. Notes1. ^Recinos 1986, p.110. 2. ^Polo Sifontes, undated. 3. ^Recinos 1986, p.110. References{{refbegin|indent=yes}}{{cite book |author=Polo Sifontes, Francis |title=Zaculeu: Ciudadela Prehispánica Fortificada |publisher=IDAEH (Instituto de Antropología e Historia de Guatemala) |location=Guatemala|language=es}} {{cite book |author=Recinos, Adrian |year=1986 |title=Pedro de Alvarado: Conquistador de México y Guatemala |edition=2nd |location=Guatemala |publisher=CENALTEX Centro Nacional de Libros de Texto y Material Didáctico "José de Pineda Ibarra" |oclc= 243309954|language=es}}{{refend}}{{-}}{{Guatemala-bio-stub}}{{Mesoamerica-stub}} 8 : 16th-century indigenous people of the Americas|16th-century rulers|Maya rulers|Colonial Guatemala|16th century in Guatemala|16th century in the Maya civilization|Mam Maya|Guatemalan Maya people |
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