| 词条 | KBP Instrument Design Bureau |
| 释义 |
| name = KBP Instrument Design Bureau | logo = File:KBP_Instrument_Design_Bureau_logo.png | type = Joint-stock company | traded_as = | predecessor = | successor = | founder = | defunct = | fate = | area_served = | key_people = Managing Director D. Konoplev First Deputy General Director, Chief Engineer of the enterprise N. Khokhlov | industry = Arms | genre = | products = Firearms, Ammunition, Anti-aircraft defence systems, Autocannons, Rotary cannons, Turrets, Remote controlled weapon stations, CIWS, Anti-aircraft cannons, Weapon systems for tanks and armored vehicles, Missiles, ATGMs, Artillery shells, Mortar shells, Guidance systems, Precision-guided munitions, Close-in weapon systems (CIWS), Grenade launchers | production = | services = | revenue = | operating_income = 14 billion rubles | net_income = | aum = | assets = | equity = | owner = | num_employees = | parent = High Precision Systems (Rostec)[1] | divisions = | subsid = | footnotes = | intl = | caption = | foundation = 1927 | location_city = Tula | location_country = Russia | locations = | homepage = www.kbptula.ru }}JSC Konstruktorskoe Buro Priborostroeniya (KBP)[2] ({{lang-ru|АО «Конструкторское бюро приборостроения»|AO konstruktórskoje bjuró priborostrojénija}} Joint-Stock Company - Instrument Design Bureau) is one of the main enterprises in the field of Russian defense industry, based in Tula. It is engaged in designing high-precision weapon systems for the Army, the VMF and the VKS, as well as anti-air defense systems, high-rate-of-fire cannons and small arms, in addition to civilian products. Its full name goes as "Joint-Stock Company Instrument Design Bureau named after Academic A. G. Shipunov". Its shareholders include High Precision Systems, part of the State Corporation Rostec.[3] The designing of high-precision weaponry is the priority of the KBP. The enterprise designs air-to-ground, ground-to-air and ground-to-ground weaponry. In addition to these, KBP also develops modern autocannons and grenade launchers. It also manufactures automatic, hand-held and under-slung grenade launchers, sniper rifles, submachine guns, pistols and revolvers for the law enforcement agencies. HistoryKBP was founded on 1 October, 1927 as an organization at Tula Weapons Factory, engaging in designing small arms. The first major success the organization made was in the Red Armory, where its Tokarev pistol was adopted into use in February 1931. During the Great Patriotic War large successes were made by aviation machineguns such as ShVAK, ShKAS, Berezin UB as well as VYa and Berezin B-20 aviation cannons. Over 80% of the domestic aircraft of the Soviet Air Force were equipped with weapons from the Tula designers.[4] Post-war yearsActivities of the company was restored under the supervision of engineer-gunsmith Igor Dimitriev during the post-war years. KBP designed the PM, APS pistols, the AM-23 cannon, the 23-mm anti-aircraft cannon 2A7 for the Shilka system, the ZU-23 AAA alongside its dual 2A14 cannons in the 1940s and the 1950s. The enterprise began designing guided weapons and high-precision missiles in the 1960s. Works were under the leadership of Arkadiy Shipunov, who was the general designer from 1962 until 2006. The Kornet-E AT missile, the Krasnopol M-2 guided-missile system, the Tunguska and the Pantsir-S1 anti-aircraft cannon-missile systems, in addition to the Kashtan CIWS were designed in this period. Post-Soviet yearsKBP was heavily struck by the drastic reduction in state defence order and the financing of military R&D after 1991. Russia's debt to the KBP reached 20 billion rubles in 1994. Under such conditions the bureau's survival was only possible through the means of export.[5] KBP requested the government of Russia to provide independent military and technical cooperation with foreign countries, and was confirmed and subsequently expanded by an order of the Russian president in 2000.[4] A total of more than 160 designs were made by the KBP up until 1 October, 2012, the 85th anniversary of the founding of the enterprise. By this time the enterprise has integrated over 6500 inventors.[6] The company was included in the sanction list by the USA in June 2014.[7] StructureKBP's shares are held by OAO NPO Vysokotochnye Kompleksy and State Company Rostec. It has the following subsidiaries:
ProductsThe following weapons have been designed by KBP:
Small arms
Cannons
Grenade launchers
Anti-tank missiles
Anti-aircraft systems
United States sanctionsOn July 16, 2014, the Obama administration imposed sanctions through the US Department of Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding KBP Instrument Design Bureau and other entities to the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN) in retaliation for the ongoing Ukrainian crisis, annexation of the Crimean Peninsula by the Kremlin, and the Russian interference in Ukraine.[8][9] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://rostec.ru/en/about/company/142 |title=Rostec - High Precision Systems (Vysokotochnye Kompleksy)|publisher=Rostec|accessdate=17 March 2015}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kbptula.ru/en/|title=KBP Instrument Design Bureau - Home|website=www.kbptula.ru}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://kbptula.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=109&Itemid=493&lang=ru|title=ОАО «Конструкторское бюро приборостроения» - ОАО «Конструкторское бюро приборостроения»|website=kbptula.ru|language=ru-ru|access-date=2017-03-19}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.worldweapon.info/kbp-tula|title=КБП (Тула) {{!}} Энциклопедия вооружения|website=www.worldweapon.info|language=ru|access-date=2017-03-19}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://pvo.guns.ru/book/cast/kbp.htm|title=Вестник ПВО :: Библиотека|website=pvo.guns.ru|access-date=2017-03-19}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://kbptula.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=253:85---&catid=13:2011-09-06-10-28-34&Itemid=2&lang|title=KBP Instrument Design Bureau - KBP Instrument Design Bureau|last=admin|website=kbptula.ru|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-03-19}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/OFAC-Enforcement/Pages/20140716.aspx|title=Ukraine-related Sanctions; Publication of Executive Order 13662 Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List|website=www.treasury.gov|language=en-us|access-date=2017-03-19}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/OFAC-Enforcement/Pages/20140716.aspx |title=Ukraine-related Sanctions; Publication of Executive Order 13662 Sectoral Sanctions Identifications List |publisher= treasury.gov |date= 16 July 2014 }} 9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/jl2572.aspx |title=Announcement of Treasury Sanctions on Entities Within the Financial Services and Energy Sectors of Russia, Against Arms or Related Materiel Entities, and those Undermining Ukraine's Sovereignty |publisher= treasury.gov |date= 16 July 2014 }} External links
8 : Technology companies established in 1927|Firearm manufacturers of Russia|Science and technology in the Soviet Union|Defence companies of the Soviet Union|High Precision Systems|Federal State Unitary Enterprises of Russia|Companies based in Tula Oblast|1927 establishments in the Soviet Union |
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