| 词条 | Kharkiv Metro | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Kharkiv Metro |image = Kharkiv Metro Logo.png |imagesize = 100px |image2 = Holodna Hora metro station, Kharkiv, Ukraine.jpg |imagesize2 = 275px |caption2 = The central platform of one of the first stations in the system, Kholodna Hora. |native_name = Харківський метрополітен Kharkivskyi metropoliten |owner = City of Kharkiv |locale = Kharkiv, Ukraine |transit_type = Metro/Subway |lines = 3[1] |stations = 30[2][2] |ridership = 633,150 (2013) |annual_ridership = 231.1 million (2013)[1] |website = {{url|www.metro.kharkov.ua|Kharkiv Metro}} {{uk icon}} |began_operation = 1975 |operator = |vehicles = 59 |headway = |train_length = 5 cars |system_length = {{convert|38.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}[1] |track_gauge = |map = |map_state = }} The Kharkiv Metro ({{lang-uk|Харківське метро or Харківський метрополітен}}) is the rapid transit system that serves the city of Kharkiv, the second largest city in Ukraine. The metro was the second in Ukraine (after Kiev) and the sixth in the USSR when it opened in 1975.[3] The metro consists of three lines which operate on {{convert|37.6|km|mi}} of route and serve 30 stations.[4] The system transported 231.1 million passengers in 2013[1] (down from 239.3 million in 2012[5]). HistoryInitial plans for a rapid transit system in Kharkiv were made when the city was a capital of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. However, after the capital moved to Kiev in 1934 and Kharkiv suffered heavy destruction during World War II, a rapid transit system was dropped from the agenda. In the mid-1960s, the existing mass transit system became too strained, and construction of the metro began in 1968. Seven years later, on 23 August 1975, the first eight-station segment of {{convert|10.4|km|mi}} was put into use. It is claimed that the metro does not have the beautiful and excessive decorations that stations in Moscow and Saint Petersburg{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}} Metros show, yet they do make the best of mid-1970s and later styles. While a metro token is shown below, these can no longer be used in Kharkiv, (since 2014 or 15?). Passenger must buy a single use ticket or use a reloadable card. Tokens are still used in Kiev as of 2017. Lines and stations{{Main|List of Kharkiv Metro stations}}
In August 2016 the Peremoha station became the first Kharkiv metro station with disabled access.[7] Facts and numbers{{update section|date=August 2016}}Currently, the Kharkiv Metro consists of 3 lines, 30 stations, and {{convert|37.6|km|mi}} of route.[1] The stations arranged in a typical Soviet design of a triangle, that is, three radial lines crossing in the city centre. Open from 5:30 in the morning until 23:59, it has a daily passenger traffic of over one million passengers. Because of the city's uneven landscape, the metro stations are located on varying depths. Six of the system's 30 stations are deep level stations, and the remaining are shallow. Of the former, all but one are pylon type, and the latter are of column type. The shallow stations comprise fourteen pillar-trispans and eight single vaults. Kharkiv was the first metro to exhibit the single vault design of the shallow type (see more at the Skhodnenskaya article). The metro is served by two depots which have a total of 320 carriages forming 59 five-car trainsets{{citation needed|date=May 2014}} (all of the platforms are exactly {{convert|100|m|ft}} long). In 2015 new trains were introduced to the metro.[8] The metro is directly subordinated to the Ministry of Transport of Ukraine. Unlike the Kiev Metro, Kharkiv is not privatised and owned by a municipal company. In 2009, the Ministry transferred the metro to the city administration. See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2013.pdf |script-title=ru:ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕХНИКО-ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МЕТРОПОЛИТЕНОВ ЗА 2013 ГОД. |publisher=Международная Ассоциация "Метро" [International Association of Metros] |website=asmetro.ru |language=Russian |trans-title=Main technical and operational specifications for Subways for Year 2013. |format=pdf |pages=1,3 |year=2013 |accessdate=2014-05-13}} 2. ^Порошенко відкрив у Харкові нову станцію метро "Перемога" {{ref-uk}} 3. ^http://eng.asmetro.ru/metro/metro/Kharkov/Kharkov_full/ 4. ^1 President opened a new «Peremoha» (Victory) underground station in Kharkiv, president.gov.ua (19 August 2016) 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.city.kharkov.ua/uk/news/za-pershiy-kvartal-miskiy-transport-pereviz-ponad-130-milyoniv-pasazhiriv-19871.html |script-title=uk:За перший квартал міський транспорт перевіз понад 130 мільйонів пасажирів |publisher=City of Kharkiv |language=Ukrainian |trans-title=For the First Quarter Kharkiv transport carries more than 130 million passengers |date=20 June 2013 |accessdate=2014-05-17}} 6. ^1 Офіційний сайт КП «Харківський метрополітен» 7. ^Kharkiv metro reaches 30 stations Kharkiv metro reaches 30 stations, Railway Gazette International (22 August 2016) 8. ^Kharkiv metro inaugurates trainset, Railway Gazette International (24 August 2015) External links{{Commons category|Kharkiv Metro}}
3 : Kharkiv Metro|Underground rapid transit in Ukraine|Transport in Kharkiv |
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