| 词条 | Kingdom of Illyria | |||
| 释义 |
|native_name = Königreich Illyrien (de) Ilirsko kraljestvo (sl) Regno d'Illiria (it) Kraljevina Ilirija (hr) |conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Illyria |common_name = Illyria | |era = Modern history |status = Crown land of Austria |empire = Austrian Empire |government_type = Monarchy | |year_start = 1816 |year_end = 1849 | |event_start = Congress of Vienna |date_start = 3 August |event_end = Revolution of 1848 |date_end = 8 December | | |p1 = Illyrian Provinces |flag_p1 = Flag of France.svg |s1 = Duchy of Carniola |flag_s1 = Flag of Krain.svg |s2 = Duchy of Carinthia |flag_s2 = Flag of Kärnten.svg |s3 = Austrian Littoral |flag_s3 = Österreichisches Küstenland flag.png | |image_flag = Flag of the Kingdom of Illyria.svg |flag = |flag_type = Flag | |image_coat = CoA of Kingdom of Illyria.svg |coa_size = 85px |symbol = |symbol_type = Coat of arms | |image_map = Austrian kingdom of illyria.png |image_map_caption = Kingdom of Illyria within the Austrian Empire (1822-1849) | |image_map2 = |image_map2_caption = | |capital = Ljubljana |latd= |latm= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW= | |common_languages = Italian, Slovene, Croatian, German |religion = Roman Catholic | | |leader1 = Francis I |leader2 = Ferdinand I |leader3 = Francis Joseph I |leader4 = |year_leader1 = 1816–1835 |year_leader2 = 1835–1848 |year_leader3 = 1848–1849 |year_leader4 = |title_leader = King | |representative1 = |representative2 = |representative3 = |representative4 = |year_representative1 = |year_representative2 = |year_representative3 = |year_representative4 = |title_representative = Statthalter | | |legislature = |house1 = |type_house1 = |house2 = |type_house2 = | | |stat_year1 = |stat_area1 = |stat_pop1 = |stat_year2 = |stat_area2 = |stat_pop2 = |footnotes = |currency = Thaler |today= {{flag|Austria}} {{flag|Croatia}} {{flag|Italy}} {{flag|Slovenia}} }} The Kingdom of Illyria was a crown land of the Austrian Empire from 1816 to 1849,[1] the successor state of the Napoleonic Illyrian Provinces, reconquered by Austria in the War of the Sixth Coalition and restored according to the Final Act of the Vienna Congress. Its administrative centre was in Ljubljana (officially {{lang-de|Laibach}}) Upon the Revolutions of 1848, the kingdom was dissolved and split into the Austrian crown lands of Carniola, Carinthia and the Austrian Littoral. GeographyThe French Illyrian Provinces had comprised Carniola and western ("Upper") Carinthia as well as the Adriatic territories of Gorizia and Gradisca, Trieste and the Istrian peninsula. They had also included the Dalmatian coast and the lands of the Kingdom of Croatia south of the Sava River. Parts of the territories on the Adriatic Sea had been annexed by the Habsburg Monarchy from Venice in the 1797 Treaty of Campo Formio. Upon the dissolution of the Provinces, the Austrian government split-off Dalmatia and merged the eastern ("Lower") part of Carinthia into what was to become the Kingdom of Illyria. The territory of the kingdom included the western and central part of present-day Slovenia, i.e. Carniola with the capital Ljubljana and the Slovenian Littoral (Goriška and Slovenian Istria), the present Austrian state of Carinthia and Slovenian Carinthia, as well as some territories in north-western Croatia (present-day Istria County and the Kvarner Gulf islands of Krk, Cres and Lošinj) and north-eastern Italy (the Provinces of Trieste and Gorizia). In 1822, Civil Croatia between the right bank of the Sava and Rijeka was again merged into the Habsburg Kingdom of Croatia. History{{refimprove section|date=January 2013}}The Kingdom of Illyria was formed to counter the territorial pretenses of the Kingdom of Hungary and the influences of the Russian Empire, but with the Hungarian annexation of the Civilian Croatia and Rijeka lost on its significance.[1] The legal and administrative reforms made by the former French authorities deeply transformed the administrative structures of these territories, so the Austrian Imperial authorities thought it better to group most of them as a separate administrative entity, enabling a slow incorporation into the Austrian legal, judicial and administrative system. The Kingdom of Illyria was officially established on 3 August 1816.[2] In the first years, it also included Croatian territory that was part of Napoleonic Croatie civile. Already in the early 1820s, however, the pre-Napoleonic Croatian kingdom was re-established, in which also the territories forming part of the Kingdom of Illyria were included (the city of Rijeka-Fiume with eastern Istria and the province of Karlovac). In the Spring of Nations in 1848, Slovenes advanced a proposal to include Lower Styria in the Kingdom of Illyria, so most of the Slovene Lands would be united in a single administrative entity and the idea of a United Slovenia would thus be achieved. Peter Kozler designed a map of such an enlarged Kingdom of Illyria, which would later become an important national symbol in the Slovenian national consciousness. The proposal was, however, rejected by the Habsburg Emperor. The Kingdom of Illyria was gradually mentioned less and less and for the last time officially appeared in 1849 as a crown land in the March Constitution of Austria.[1] AdministrationFrom 1822 to 1848 it was administered by the Imperial-Royal Government in Ljubljana (Laibach) for the {{lang|de|Kreise}} (provinces) of Ljubljana, Novo Mesto (Neustadt), Postojna (Adelsberg), Villach (Beljak) and Klagenfurt (Celovec) and the Imperial-Royal Government for Littoral in Trieste for the {{lang|de|Kreise}} of Istria (Istrien), Gorizia (Görz) and the imperial city of Trieste. See also{{Portal|Slovenia|Croatia|Austria-Hungary}}
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book |title=Ilustrirana zgodovina Slovencev |trans-title=The Illustrated History of the Slovenes |chapter=Ilirsko kraljestvo |trans-chapter=Kingdom of Illyria |year=2000 |editor-first=Marko |editor-last=Vidic |publisher=Mladinska knjiga |isbn=86-11-15664-1 |page=213}} 2. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.delo.si/clanek/28773 |title=3. avgust |trans-title=3 August |language=Slovenian |newspaper=Delo.si |date=2 August 2006}} External links
9 : Kingdoms and countries of Austria-Hungary|Modern history of Slovenia|19th century in Austria-Hungary|19th century in Croatia|Istria|States and territories established in 1816|Former Slavic countries|1816 establishments in the Austrian Empire|1849 disestablishments in Europe |
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