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词条 Kirsten Gillibrand
释义

  1. Early life and education

  2. Law career

     Private practice  Public interest and government service 

  3. U.S. House of Representatives

     Elections  2006  2008  House tenure  Committee assignments 

  4. U.S. Senate

     Appointment  Elections  2010  2012  2018  Senate tenure  Committee assignments  Caucus memberships 

  5. 2020 presidential campaign

  6. Political positions

  7. Personal life

  8. Published works

  9. Electoral history

  10. See also

  11. References

     Informational notes  Citations  Further reading 

  12. External links

{{short description|United States Senator from New York}}{{Redirect|Gillibrand|the surname|Gillibrand (surname)}}{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}{{Good article}}{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Kirsten Gillibrand
| image = Kirsten Gillibrand, official portrait, 112th Congress.jpg
| jr/sr = United States Senator
| state = New York
| alongside = Chuck Schumer
| term_start = January 26, 2009
| term_end =
| appointer = David Paterson
| predecessor = Hillary Clinton
| successor =
| state1 = New York
| district1 = {{ushr|NY|20|20th}}
| term_start1 = January 3, 2007
| term_end1 = January 26, 2009
| predecessor1 = John E. Sweeney
| successor1 = Scott Murphy
| birth_name = Kirsten Elizabeth Rutnik
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1966|12|9}}
| birth_place = Albany, New York, U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = Democratic
| spouse = {{marriage|Jonathan Gillibrand|2001}}
| children = 2
| education = Dartmouth College (BA)
University of California, Los Angeles (JD)
| signature = Kirsten Gillibrand Signature.svg
| website = {{url|gillibrand.senate.gov|Senate website}}
}}{{Kirsten Gillibrand series}}

Kirsten Elizabeth Gillibrand (née Rutnik; {{IPAc-en|audio=Kirsten-gillibrand.ogg|ˈ|k|ɪər|s|t|ən|_|ˈ|dʒ|ɪ|l|ᵻ|b|r|æ|n|d}} {{respell|KEER|stən|_|JIL|i|brand}}; born December 9, 1966) is an American attorney and politician serving as the junior United States Senator from New York since 2009. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 2007 to 2009.

Born and raised in upstate New York to two attorney parents, Gillibrand graduated from Dartmouth College and from the UCLA School of Law. After holding attorney positions in government and private practice and working on Hillary Clinton's 2000 U.S. Senate campaign, Gillibrand was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 2006. She represented New York's 20th congressional district, a conservative district in upstate New York, and was re-elected in 2008. During her House tenure, Gillibrand was a Blue Dog Democrat noted for voting against the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (commonly known as the bank bailout) and for supporting Medicare-for-all.

Following Senator Clinton's appointment as Secretary of State in 2009, Governor David Paterson selected Gillibrand to fill the Senate seat that had been vacated by Clinton. Gillibrand won a special election in 2010 to keep the seat, and was subsequently reelected to full terms in 2012 and 2018. During her Senate tenure, Gillibrand has shifted to the left. She has been outspoken on sexual assault in the military and sexual harassment, having criticized President Bill Clinton and Senator Al Franken (both fellow Democrats) for sexual misconduct. She supports paid family leave, a federal jobs guarantee, and the abolition and replacement of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

On March 17, 2019, Gillibrand announced she is running for President in 2020.[1]

Early life and education

Kirsten Elizabeth Rutnik was born on December 9, 1966, in Albany, New York, the daughter of Polly Edwina (Noonan) and Douglas Paul Rutnik. Both her parents are attorneys, and her father has also worked as a lobbyist.[2] Her parents divorced in the late 1980s.[3] Gillibrand has an older brother, Douglas Rutnik, and a younger sister, Erin Rutnik Tschantret.[3][4] Her maternal grandmother was Dorothea "Polly" Noonan, a founder of the Albany Democratic Women's Club, a onetime leader in the City of Albany's 20th-century Democratic machine, and a confidant of Albany Mayor Erastus Corning 2nd.[5][6][2][3]{{#tag:ref|For more information on the Corning-Noonan relationship, see: {{vcite book |author=Grondahl, Paul |title=Mayor Erastus Corning: Albany Icon, Albany Enigma |publisher=State University of New York Press |year=2007 |location=Albany |isbn=978-0-7914-7294-1}}|group=Note}} She has English, Austrian, Scottish, German, and Irish ancestry.[7]

During her childhood and college years, Gillibrand used the nickname "Tina." She began using her birth name of Kirsten a few years after law school.[3] In 1984, she graduated from Emma Willard School, an all women's private school located in Troy, New York,[8] and then enrolled at Dartmouth College.[3] Gillibrand majored in Asian Studies, studying in both Beijing and Taiwan. While in Beijing, she studied and lived with actress Connie Britton at Beijing Normal University.[9][10][11] Gillibrand graduated magna cum laude in 1988.[12] While at Dartmouth, she was a member of the Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority.[12] During college, Gillibrand interned at Republican U.S. Senator Alfonse D'Amato's Albany office.[13] Gillibrand received her J.D. from UCLA School of Law and passed the bar exam in 1991.[14]

Law career

Private practice

In 1991, Gillibrand joined the Manhattan-based law firm of Davis Polk & Wardwell as an associate.[15] In 1992, she took a leave from Davis Polk to serve as a law clerk to Judge Roger Miner on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in Albany.[4][16]

Gillibrand's tenure at Davis Polk included serving as a defense attorney for tobacco company Philip Morris during major litigation, including both civil lawsuits and U.S. Justice Department criminal and civil racketeering and perjury probes.[17] As a junior associate in the mid-1990s, Gillibrand defended the company's executives against a criminal investigation into whether they had committed perjury in their testimony before Congress when they claimed that they had no knowledge of a connection between tobacco smoking and cancer. Gillibrand worked closely on the case and became a key part of the defense team.[17] As part of her work, she traveled to the company's laboratory in Germany, where she interviewed scientists about the company's alleged research into the connection. The inquiry was ultimately dropped and it was during this time that she became a senior associate.[18][17]

While working at Davis Polk, Gillibrand became involved in—and later the leader of—the Women's Leadership Forum, a program of the Democratic National Committee. Gillibrand states that a speech to the group by First Lady Hillary Clinton inspired her:

"{{bracket|Clinton}} was trying to encourage us to become more active in politics and she said, 'If you leave all the decision-making to others, you might not like what they do, and you will have no one but yourself to blame.' It was such a challenge to the women in the room. And it really hit me: She's talking to me."[15]

In 2001, Gillibrand became a partner in the Manhattan office of Boies, Schiller & Flexner. In 2002 she informed Boies of her interest in running for office and was permitted to transfer to the firm's Albany office. She left Boies in 2005 to begin her 2006 campaign for Congress.[4][17]

Public interest and government service

Gillibrand has said her work at private law firms allowed her to take on pro bono cases defending abused women and their children and tenants seeking safe housing after lead paint and unsafe conditions were found in their homes.[4] Following her time at Davis Polk, Gillibrand served as Special Counsel to Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Andrew Cuomo during the last year of the Clinton administration.[8] Gillibrand worked on HUD's Labor Initiative and its New Markets Initiative, as well as on TAP's Young Leaders of the American Democracy, and strengthening Davis–Bacon Act enforcement.[19]

In 1999, Gillibrand began working on Hillary Clinton's 2000 U.S. Senate campaign, focusing on campaigning to young women and encouraging them to join the effort. Many of those women later worked on Gillibrand's campaigns.[2] Gillibrand and Clinton became close during the election, with Clinton becoming something of a mentor to the young attorney.[4] Gillibrand donated more than $12,000 to Clinton's senate campaigns.[20]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

2006

{{Main|2006 New York's 20th congressional district election}}

Gillibrand considered running for office in 2004, in New York's 20th congressional district, against the three-term Republican incumbent John E. Sweeney. However, Hillary Clinton believed circumstances would be more favorable in 2006 and advised her to wait until then.[4] Traditionally conservative, the district and its electoral offices had been in Republican hands for all but four years since 1913, and as of November 2006, 197,473 voters in the district were registered Republicans while 82,737 were registered Democrats.[21] Sweeney said in 2006 that "no Republican can ever lose" {{bracket|the district}}.[22] Using New York's electoral fusion election laws, Gillibrand ran in 2006 on both the Democratic and Working Families lines; in addition to having the Republican nomination, Sweeney was endorsed by the Conservative and Independence parties.[23]

During the campaign, Gillibrand got support from other Democratic Party politicians. Mike McNulty, a Democratic Congressman from the neighboring 21st congressional district, campaigned for her, as did both Hillary and Bill Clinton; the former president appeared twice at campaign events.[24] Both parties poured millions of dollars into the respective campaigns.[25]

Many saw Gillibrand as moderate or conservative. The American Conservative stated after her eventual victory, "Gillibrand won her upstate New York district by running to the right: she campaigned against amnesty for illegal immigrants, promised to restore fiscal responsibility to Washington, and pledged to protect gun rights."[26]

Gillibrand's legal representation of Philip Morris was an issue during the campaign. Her campaign finance records showed that she received $23,200 in contributions from the company's employees during her 2006 campaign for Congress.[27]

The probable turning point in the election was the November 1 release of a December 2005 police report detailing a 9-1-1 call by Sweeney's wife, in which she claimed Sweeney was "knocking her around the house." The Sweeney campaign claimed the police report was false and promised to have the official report released by State Police, but did not do so.[24] The Sweeney campaign did release an ad in which Sweeney's wife initially described Gillibrand's campaign as "a disgrace."[28] Several months later, Sweeney's wife said her "disgrace" statement was coerced, and that her husband was physically abusive.[29]

By November 5, a Siena poll showed Gillibrand ahead of Sweeney 46% to 43%.[30] She won with 53% of the vote.[23]

2008

{{Main|2008 New York's 20th congressional district election}}

Following Gillibrand's win, Republicans quickly began speculating about possible 2008 candidates. Len Cutler, director of the Center for the Study of Government and Politics at Siena College, said that the seat would be difficult for Gillibrand to hold in 2008, noting Republicans substantially outnumbered Democrats in the district.[24]

Gillibrand won her bid for reelection in 2008 over former New York Secretary of State Sandy Treadwell by a 62% to 38% margin.[31] Treadwell lost by that margin despite significantly outspending Gillibrand and promising never to vote to raise taxes, not to accept a federal salary, and to limit himself to three terms in office.[32] Campaign expenditures were the second highest in the nation for a House race.[33] Democrats generally saw major successes during the 2008 congressional elections, credited in part to a coattail effect from Barack Obama's presidential campaign.[34]

Gillibrand's legal representation of Philip Morris was again an issue. Her campaign finance records showed that she received $18,200 from Philip Morris employees for her 2008 campaign, putting her among the top dozen Democrats in such contributions.[35] Questioned during the campaign about her work on behalf of Philip Morris, Gillibrand stated that she had voted in favor of all three anti-tobacco bills in that session of Congress. She said that she never hid her work for Philip Morris, and she added that as an associate at her law firm, she had had no control over which clients she worked for.[27] Davis Polk allowed associates to withdraw from representing clients about whom they had moral qualms.[35]

House tenure

Upon taking office, Gillibrand joined the Blue Dog Coalition, a group of moderate to conservative Democrats. She was noted for voting against the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008,[26] citing concerns regarding insufficient oversight and excessive earmarks.[36] She opposed a 2007 state-level proposal to issue driver's licenses to undocumented immigrants and voted in favor of legislation that would withhold federal funds from immigrant sanctuary cities.[37][38] Gillibrand also voted for a bill that limited information-sharing between federal agencies about firearm purchasers and received a 100 percent rating from the National Rifle Association (NRA).[39] While Gillibrand expressed personal support for same-sex marriage, she advocated for civil unions for same-sex couples and stated that the same-sex marriage issue should be decided at the state level.[40]

After taking office, Gillibrand became the first member of Congress to publish her official schedule, listing everyone she met with on a given day. She also published earmark requests she received and her personal financial statement. This "Sunlight Report", as her office termed it, was praised by a New York Times editorial in December 2006 as being a "quiet touch of revolution" in a non-transparent system.[41][42] Regarding the earmarking process, Gillibrand stated that she wanted whatever was best for her district and would require every project to pass a "greatest-need, greatest-good" test.[43]

Committee assignments

While in the House of Representatives, Gillibrand served on the following committees:[44]

  • Committee on Agriculture
    • Subcommittee on Conservation, Credit, Energy, and Research
    • Subcommittee on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture
    • Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry (Chair)
  • Committee on Armed Services
    • Subcommittee on Seapower and Expeditionary Forces
    • Subcommittee on Terrorism and Unconventional Threats

U.S. Senate

Appointment

On December 1, 2008, President-elect Barack Obama announced his choice of Hillary Clinton, the junior U.S. Senator from New York, as Secretary of State. Clinton was confirmed by a vote of 94-2 on January 21, 2009. Just hours before being sworn in as Secretary of State, Clinton resigned her senate seat, effective immediately. Obama's December announcement began a two-month search process to fill her vacant Senate seat.[45] Under New York law, the governor appoints a replacement. A special election would then be held in November 2010 for the remainder of the full term, which ended in January 2013.[46]

Governor David Paterson's selection process began with a number of prominent names and high-profile New York Democrats, including Andrew Cuomo, Fran Drescher and Caroline Kennedy, vying for the spot. Gillibrand quietly campaigned for the position, meeting secretly with Paterson on at least one occasion. She said that she made an effort to underscore her successful House elections in a largely conservative district, adding that she could be a good complement to Chuck Schumer.[3] Gillibrand was presumed a likely choice in the days before the official announcement.[47] On January 23, 2009, Paterson held a press conference to announce Gillibrand as his choice.[48]

The response within New York to the appointment was mixed. The upstate New York media was generally optimistic about the appointment of an upstate Senator,[49] as one had not been elected since Charles Goodell left office in 1971.[50] Many downstaters were disappointed with the selection, with some media outlets stating that Paterson had ignored the electoral influence of populous New York City and downstate on state politics. One questioned whether Paterson's administration was aware of "{{bracket|where}} statewide elections are won and lost".[49] Gillibrand was relatively unknown statewide, and many voters found the choice surprising.[8] One source stated, "With every Democrat in New York ... angling for the appointment, there was a sense of bafflement, belittlement, and bruised egos when Paterson tapped the junior legislator unknown outside of Albany."[3]

Shortly before her appointment to the U.S. Senate was announced, Gillibrand reportedly contacted the Empire State Pride Agenda (an LGBT lobbying organization in New York) to express her full support for same-sex marriage, the repeal of the Defense of Marriage Act, the repeal of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell policy regarding gay and lesbian servicemembers, and the passage of legislation banning discrimination against transgender persons.[51][52] Gillibrand had previously supported civil unions for same-sex couples[52] and argued that the same-sex marriage issue should be left to states.[40] Paterson's office had advised her to reach out to Empire State Pride.[53][52]

Gillibrand was sworn in on January 26, 2009; at 42, she entered the chamber as the youngest senator in the 111th Congress.[3] In February she endorsed Scott Murphy, who had been chosen by the New York Democrats as their nominee for her now vacant seat in the House of Representatives.[54] In April, Murphy won the seat against Republican Jim Tedisco by 399 votes and succeeded Gillibrand in the House until 2011.[55]

Elections

2010

{{Main|2010 United States Senate special election in New York}}

Gillibrand had numerous potential challengers in the September 14, 2010, Democratic primary election. Some were obvious at the time of her appointment. Most notably, Long Island Congresswoman Carolyn McCarthy was unhappy with Gillibrand's stance on gun control,[56]{{#tag:ref|McCarthy has been a supporter of strict gun control since her husband was murdered in a 1993 commuter train shooting spree.[56]|group=Note}} but McCarthy ultimately decided not to run.[57] Harold Ford, Jr., a former Congressman from Tennessee, considered a run but ultimately decided against it in March 2009.[58] Congressman Steve Israel was also a potential contender but was talked out of it by President Obama.

Concerned about a possible schism in the party that could lead to a heated primary, split electorate, and weakened stance, high-ranking members of the party backed Gillibrand and requested major opponents not to run.[58] In the end, Gillibrand faced Gail Goode, a lawyer from New York City,[59] and won the primary with 76% of the vote.[60]

Despite what was initially expected to be a heated race, Gillibrand easily prevailed against former Republican congressman Joseph DioGuardi in her first statewide election.[61] By the end of October, a Quinnipiac University Polling Institute poll showed Gillibrand winning 57-34%.[62] Gillibrand won the November election 63–35%, carrying 54 of New York's 62 counties; the counties that supported DioGuardi did so by a margin no greater than 10%.[61]

2012

{{Main|2012 United States Senate election in New York}}

Gillibrand's special election victory in 2010 gave her the right to serve the rest of Clinton's second term, which ended in January 2013. Gillibrand ran for a full six-year term in November 2012. In the general election, Gillibrand faced challenger Wendy E. Long, an attorney running on both the Republican Party and Conservative Party lines.[63][64] Gillibrand was endorsed by The New York Times[65] and the Democrat and Chronicle.[66] She won the election with 72.2% of the vote;[67] in so doing, she surpassed Schumer's 71.2% victory in 2004 and achieved the largest victory margin for a statewide candidate in New York history. She carried all counties except for two in western New York.[68]

2018

{{Main|2018 United States Senate election in New York}}

In the November 2018 elections, Gillibrand was re-elected to a second term in the Senate, with 67% of the vote.[69] During the campaign, she pledged that she would serve out a full six-year term.[70] She was endorsed by the progressive groups Indivisible Action[71] and Working Families.[72]

Senate tenure

A member of the Democratic Party's relatively conservative Blue Dog faction while in the House, Gillibrand has moved her political positions and ideology toward a liberal, progressive position since her appointment to the Senate.[73][74] In both cases, her views were significantly defined by the respective constituencies she served[75]—a conservative congressional district versus the generally liberal state of New York, especially as defined by New York City. For example, although she had been quiet on the U.S. military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy when she was in the House, during her first 18 months in the Senate, Gillibrand was an important part of the successful campaign to repeal it.[76]

On April 9, 2009, a combined Schumer–Gillibrand press release said that the two strongly supported a Latino being nominated to the Supreme Court at the time of the next vacancy. Their first choice was Sonia Sotomayor.[77] The two introduced her at Sotomayor's Senate confirmation hearing in July 2009.[78]

During the lame duck session of the 111th Congress, Gillibrand scored two substantial legislative victories: the passage of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010 and the passage of the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act. Both were issues she had advocated for during that session. In the aftermath of these victories, Gillibrand gained a more national profile.[79][80][81]

In March 2011, Gillibrand co-sponsored the PROTECT IP Act, which would restrict access to web sites judged to be infringing copyrights,[82] but ultimately announced she would not support the bill as-is due to wide critical public response.[83]

In 2012, Gillibrand authored a portion of the STOCK Act, which extended limitations on insider trading by members of Congress. A version of the bill, merged by Senator Joe Lieberman with content from another bill authored by Senator Scott Brown,[84] was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Obama in April.[85]

In 2013, Gillibrand proposed legislation that would remove sexual assault cases from the military chain of command; the bill was cosponsored by Republican senators Rand Paul and Ted Cruz.[86] Gillibrand's bill failed to gain enough votes to break a filibuster in March 2014; however, her efforts likely improved her standing as a lawmaker in the Senate.[87]

In December 2013, Gillibrand introduced the Family and Medical Insurance Leave Act, which would provide paid family leave.[88]

By 2013, Gillibrand had become known for "skillfully aligned herself with causes with visible, moving human characters who have helped amplified her policy goals."[89] For example, in campaigning for the repeal of the military's "don't ask, don't tell" policy, Gillibrand established a website with videos of gay and lesbian veterans telling their personal stories.[89] She has been less deferential to Senate seniority protocols and more uncompromising in her positions – such as combating sexual assault in the military – than most freshman senators, traits which have sometimes caused friction with her Democratic colleagues. Republican Charles Grassley of Iowa has contrasted her approach with other New Yorkers of both parties, saying she is distinguished by "her determination and knowledge and willingness to sit down one on one with senators and explain what she is up to". Her fund-raising ability – almost $30 million from 2009 through 2013 – helped her become a mentor for female candidates nationwide during that period.[89]

In 2014, Gillibrand was included in the annual Time 100, Time magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in the world.[90]

In 2015, Gillibrand invited campus activist Emma Sulkowicz to attend the State of the Union Address. Her invitation was intended to promote the Campus Accountability and Safety Act, a bill Gillibrand co-sponsored.[91]

Gillibrand once supported legislation that would criminalize 'boycotts' by individuals or groups seeking to express a disapproval of the actions taken by the government of Israel.[92] Gillibrand's advocacy against protests and 'boycotts' prominently included her co-sponsoring S.720, coined the "Israel Anti-Boycott Act." This legislation would federally criminalize, punishable by a maximum sentence of 20 years in prison, any political 'boycotts' intended to protest actions by the Israeli government.[92][93][94] The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) denounced S.720, claiming its provisions seeking to "punish U.S. persons based solely on their expressed political beliefs" are "inconsistent" with First Amendment constitutional protections.[95] In July 2017, Gillibrand stated that she no longer supported the bill in its then-current form, adding that she would advocate for changes to it. Gillibrand argued that the bill did not "...have any relevance to individuals at all," and insists she plans to "...urge them to rewrite it to make sure it says...'This is only applying to companies.'"[96]

In a February 2018 60 Minutes profile, Gillibrand stated that she was "'embarrassed and ashamed'" of the positions on immigration and guns that she held during her tenure in the House of Representatives.[97]

Gillibrand was named as part of the "Hell-No Caucus" by Politico in 2018, along with Senators Kamala Harris, Cory Booker, Elizabeth Warren, and Bernie Sanders, given she voted "overwhelmingly to thwart his [Trump's] nominees for administration jobs", such as with Rex Tillerson, Betsy DeVos, and Mike Pompeo; all of the Senators were considered potential 2020 presidential contenders at this point in time.[98]

Committee assignments

While in the Senate, Gillibrand has served on the following committees:[99][100][101]

  • Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry
    • Subcommittee on Domestic and Foreign Marketing, Inspection, and Plant and Animal Health (Ranking Member)
    • Subcommittee on Energy, Science and Technology
    • Subcommittee on Hunger, Nutrition and Family Farms
  • Committee on Armed Services
    • Subcommittee on Personnel (Ranking Member)
    • Subcommittee on Airland
    • Subcommittee on Emerging Threats and Capabilities
    • Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
  • Committee on Environment and Public Works
    • Subcommittee on Green Jobs and the New Economy
    • Subcommittee on Oversight
    • Subcommittee on Superfund, Toxics and Environmental Health
  • Special Committee on Aging

Caucus memberships

  • Healthy Kids Caucus
  • International Conservation Caucus
  • Senate Women's Caucus
  • Sportsmen's Caucus
  • Afterschool Caucuses[102]

2020 presidential campaign

{{Main|Kirsten Gillibrand 2020 presidential campaign}}

Gillibrand has been mentioned as a possible Democratic nominee for President in 2020, but, when asked about the race in May 2017, she said she was "ruling it out."[103] Gillibrand nevertheless announced in January 2019 that she is launching a presidential exploratory committee, telling Stephen Colbert in an interview that "I am going to run."[104]

Following a common trend that has arisen among Democratic politicians, Gillibrand has pledged that she will not accept campaign donations from Political Action Committees, or PACs.[105]

Political positions

{{Main|Political positions of Kirsten Gillibrand}}

During her tenure in the House of Representatives, Gillibrand was known as a centrist Democrat.[106][107] While serving in the House, Gillibrand was a member of the Blue Dog Coalition, a caucus of fiscally conservative Democrats.[108] During her House tenure, Gillibrand voted against the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008,[26][36] spoke against the issuance of driver's licenses to undocumented immigrants and voted for a bill that would withhold federal funds from immigrant sanctuary cities.[37][38] Gillibrand also voted for a bill that limited information-sharing between federal agencies about firearm purchasers[39] and advocated for civil unions for same-sex couples.[40]

Since she became a Member of the U.S. Senate, Gillibrand's political positions have moved in a liberal direction.[109][40] In July 2018, Newsday stated that Gillibrand "formerly held more conservative views on guns and immigration, but, in her nine years as New York's junior senator, [has] swung steadily to the left on those and other issues".[110] After being appointed to the U.S. Senate, she expressed support for same-sex marriage.[111][53] Although a supporter of gun rights while in the House, Gillibrand has since moved in the direction of gun control.[112][106] Gillibrand has said that a conversation with a family who had lost a daughter to gun violence made her realize that she was "wrong" to oppose gun control measures; having once received an "A" rating from the NRA, she received an "F" rating as of 2018.[106][110] In June 2018, Gillibrand called U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, or ICE, a "deportation force" and became the first sitting senator to support the call to abolish ICE. She said, "I believe you should get rid of it, start over, reimagine it and build something that actually works" and, "I think you should reimagine ICE under a new agency with a very different mission".[110][113][114][115] In May 2018, City & State reported that she had "moved sharply leftward on economic issues, embracing a number of proposals to expand the social safety net and bolster lower-income families".[116] In July 2018, The New York Times stated that Gillibrand had "spent recent months injecting her portfolio with a dose of the kind of economic populism that infused Senator Bernie Sanders’s campaign in the 2016 presidential primary".[117] In a 2019 reversal of a past position, Gillibrand stated her support for driver's licenses for undocumented immigrants.[118]

On social issues, Gillibrand is generally liberal, supporting abortion rights[119] and helping lead the successful repeal effort of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell."[106] A supporter of Medicare-for-all since her first house run in 2006,[120] she co-sponsored a 2017 Medicare-for-all bill introduced by Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont and said that health care should be a right.[121] Gillibrand also supports a federal jobs guarantee. Although she used to be one of the top recipients of corporate campaign donations, in 2018, Gillibrand supported rejecting corporate PAC funds and invested heavily in online fundraising. Ninety-seven percent of donations to her 2018 campaign totaled $100 or less.[120] She advocates government transparency, being one of a few members of Congress who release much personal and scheduling information.[122]

Gillibrand has gone against her party on a number of occasions on issues related to women's rights.[106] Declaring a "zero tolerance" doctrine regarding accusations of sexual misconduct by members of Congress, Gillibrand was the first in her caucus to call on Senator Al Franken (D-MN) to resign;[123] Franken left office before a Senate Ethics Committee investigation could review the accuracy of the allegations.[124][125] In November 2017, amid the MeToo movement, Gillibrand became the first high-profile Democrat to say that Bill Clinton should have resigned when his affair with Monica Lewinsky was revealed.[106][126] In 2018, Clinton expressed disagreement with Gillibrand's opinion.[127]

Personal life

Gillibrand met her husband, Jonathan Gillibrand, a venture capitalist and British national, on a blind date. Jonathan planned to be in the United States for only a year while studying for his Master of Business Administration at Columbia University, but he stayed in the country because of his relationship with her. The two were married in a Catholic church in Manhattan in 2001.[15][3]

The Gillibrands had their first son, Theodore, in 2003,[4] and their second son, Henry, in 2008. She continued to work until the day of Henry's delivery, for which she received a standing ovation from her colleagues in the House the next day.[4]

Gillibrand made national headlines in July 2009 for stating that she and her husband kept two guns under their bed.[128][129][130] Her staff later indicated that Gillibrand no longer stored guns under her bed.[131]

Gillibrand lives in the town of Brunswick with her husband and their two sons. Because of the requirements of her office, the family spends most of its time in Washington, D.C.[4] In 2011, the Gillibrands sold their house in Hudson and purchased their home in Brunswick to be closer to Kirsten's family in Albany.[132]

Published works

In 2014, Gillibrand published her first book, Off the Sidelines: Raise Your Voice, Change the World.[133] The candid memoir was notable in the media upon release due to whisperings of a future presidential run[134] as well as Gllibrand's claims of sexism in the Senate,[135] including specific comments made to her by other members of Congress about her weight and appearance.[136] Off the Sidelines debuted at number 8 on The New York Times Best Seller list for hardcover nonfiction.[137]

Electoral history

New York's 20th Congressional district election, 2006
PartyCandidateVotes%+%
Democratic*Kirsten Gillibrand125,16853.10%
Republican*John Sweeney (inc.)110,55446.90%
  • Gillibrand was also nominated on the Working Families line and Sweeney was also nominated on the Independence and Conservative lines.
New York's 20th Congressional district election, 2008
PartyCandidateVotes%+%
Democratic*Kirsten Gillibrand (inc.)193,65162.13%
Republican*Sandy Treadwell118,03137.87%
  • Gillibrand was also nominated on the Working Families line and Treadwell was also nominated on the Independence and Conservative lines.
U.S. Senate special Democratic primary election in New York, 2010
PartyCandidateVotes%+%
DemocraticKirsten Gillibrand (inc.)464,51276.15%
DemocraticGail Goode145,49123.85%
U.S. Senate special election in New York, 2010
PartyCandidateVotes%+%
Democratic*Kirsten Gillibrand (inc.)2,837,58962.95%
Republican*Joseph DioGuardi1,582,60335.11%
GreenCecile Lawrence35,4870.79%
LibertarianJohn Clifton18,4140.41%
Rent is Too Damn HighJoseph Huff17,0180.38%
Anti-ProhibitionVivia Morgan11,7850.26%
Tax RevoltBruce Blakeman4,5160.10%
  • Gillibrand was also nominated on the Working Families and Independence lines and DioGuardi was also nominated on the Conservative line.
U.S. Senate election in New York, 2012
PartyCandidateVotes%+%
Democratic*Kirsten Gillibrand (inc.)4,822,33072.22%
Republican*Wendy Long1,758,70226.34%
GreenColia Clark42,5910.64%
LibertarianChris Edes32,0020.48%
IndependentJohn Mangelli22,0410.33%
  • Gillibrand was also nominated on the Working Families and Independence lines and Long was also nominated on the Conservative line.
U.S. Senate election in New York, 2018
PartyCandidateVotes%+%
Democratic*Kirsten Gillibrand (inc.)4,056,93167.00%
Republican*Chele Chiavacci Farley1,998,22033.00%
  • Gillibrand was also nominated on the Working Families, Independence and Women's Equality lines and Farley was also nominated on the Conservative and Reform lines.

See also

{{Portal|Biography|New York|Capital District|Government of the United States}}
  • List of United States Senators from New York
  • United States congressional delegations from New York
  • Women in the United States House of Representatives
  • Women in the United States Senate

References

Informational notes

1. ^[Kirsten Gillibrand Officially Enters 2020 Democratic Race] The New York Times, March 17, 2019
2. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Kirsten Gillibrand |last=Tumulty |first=Karen |work=Time |publisher=Time Inc. |accessdate=January 27, 2011 |date=January 23, 2009 |url=http://swampland.blogs.time.com/2009/01/23/kirstin-gillibrand}}
3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite journal|title=Who's Wearing the Pantsuit Now?: The story of Kirsten Gillibrand's polite meteor ride to the top |last=Shapiro |first=Walter |journal=Elle |publisher=Hachette Filipacchi Médias |date=July 8, 2009 |accessdate=March 7, 2011 |url=https://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/a10233/kirsten-gillibrand/ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110307015848/http://www.elle.com/Life-Love/Society-Career-Power/Kirsten-Gillibrand |archivedate=March 7, 2011 |df= }}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite news |title=The Reintroduction of Kirsten Gillibrand |last=Rodrick |first=Stephen |work=New York |publisher=New York Media Holdings |date=June 7, 2009 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |url=http://nymag.com/news/politics/57197/}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.troyrecord.com/news/sen-gillibrand-and-her-family-will-soon-call-rensselaer-county/article_8da7a2e6-f2d8-5cce-a682-5cebbc250cb6.html|title=Sen. Gillibrand and her family will soon call Rensselaer County home|first=James V.|last=Franco|website=The Record}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/01/nyregion/01family.html|title=Gillibrand’s Grandmother Also Wielded Political Power, but From the Wings|first=Sam|last=Roberts|date=January 31, 2009|publisher=|via=NYTimes.com}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~battle/senators/gillibrand.htm |title=kirsten gillibrand |publisher=Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com |date= |accessdate=November 10, 2016}}
8. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Senate Choice: Folksy Centrist Born to Politics |last=Powell |first=Michael |author2=Raymond Hernandez |publisher=The New York Times Company |work=The New York Times |date=January 23, 2009 |accessdate=January 26, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/24/nyregion/24gillibrand.html}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.more.com/entertainment/celebrities-movies-tv-music/connie-britton-her-risky-path-happiness?page=2 |title=Connie Britton on Her Risky Path to Happiness |publisher=More Magazine |date=March 2013 |accessdate=July 25, 2014 |first=Leah |last=Rozen |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140727160703/http://www.more.com/entertainment/celebrities-movies-tv-music/connie-britton-her-risky-path-happiness?page=2 |archivedate=July 27, 2014 |df= }}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://thedartmouth.com/2012/10/11/arts/britton |title={{'-}}Nashville' star Connie Britton '89 sits down to discuss her new show |date=October 11, 2012 |first=Sydney |last=Ayers |accessdate=October 8, 2013 }}
11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/click/2013/10/connie-britton-on-roomie-kirsten-gillibrand-174530.html |title=Connie Britton on roomie Kirsten Gillibrand |date=October 8, 2013 |accessdate=November 28, 2013 |first=McDevitt |last=Caitlin |work=Politico}}
12. ^1 {{cite news |title=Gillibrand '88 picked for N.Y. Senate seat |first=Anya |last=Perret |work=The Dartmouth |publisher=The Dartmouth, Inc. |date=January 23, 2009 |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |url=http://thedartmouth.com/2009/01/23/news/senate}}
13. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand Says D'Amato Isn't in the Picture |author=No author given |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=February 9, 2009 |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/10/nyregion/10damato.html}}
14. ^{{cite web |title=UCLA law alumna appointed U.S. senator from New York |author=No author given |work=UCLA Today |publisher=University of California, Los Angeles |date=January 26, 2009 |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/ucla-law-alumna-appointed-u-s-79380.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629173009/http://www.today.ucla.edu/portal/ut/ucla-law-alumna-appointed-u-s-79380.aspx |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes }}
15. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |title=In Hillary's Footsteps: Kirsten Gillibrand |last=Van Meter |first=Jonathan |publisher=Condé Nast Publications |journal=Vogue |date=November 2010 |accessdate=January 26, 2011 |url=http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/in-hillarys-footsteps-kirsten-gillibrand |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106223839/http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/in-hillarys-footsteps-kirsten-gillibrand/ |archive-date=January 6, 2011 |dead-url=yes }}
16. ^{{cite news |title=Who is Kirsten Gillibrand? New York congresswoman to take Clinton's Senate seat |last=McShane |first=Larry |author2=Kenneth Lovett |author3=Elizabeth Benjamin |work=Daily News (New York) |publisher=Mortimer Zuckerman |date=January 23, 2009 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2009/01/22/2009-01-22_who_is_kirsten_gillibrand_new_york_congr.html}}
17. ^1 2 3 {{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/27/nyregion/27gillibrand.html|title=As a Young Lawyer, Gillibrand Defended Big Tobacco|last=Hernandez|first=Raymond|date=March 26, 2009|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 22, 2019|last2=Kocieniewski|first2=David|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}
18. ^{{cite news |title= Gillibrand's tobacco past includes Philip Morris |last=Odato |first=James |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |work=Times Union|location=Albany |date=October 16, 2008 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7067847}}
19. ^{{cite web |title=Biography of Kirsten Gillibrand |publisher=Dartmouth College Office of Alumni Relations |accessdate=May 8, 2011 |url=http://alumni.dartmouth.edu/events/Celebrating35YearsofWomenatDartmouth/SpeakerList/KirstenGillibrand |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120707084038/http://alumni.dartmouth.edu/events/Celebrating35YearsofWomenatDartmouth/SpeakerList/KirstenGillibrand |archive-date=July 7, 2012 |dead-url=yes }}
20. ^{{cite web|title=Campaign Contributions: Kirsten Gillibrand |website= |publisher=newsmeat.com |date=January 31, 2011 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=http://www.newsmeat.com/washington_political_donations/Kirsten_Gillibrand.php |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622084918/http://www.newsmeat.com/washington_political_donations/Kirsten_Gillibrand.php |archivedate=June 22, 2011 |df= }}
21. ^{{cite web |title=NYSVoter Enrollment Statistics by District |publisher=New York State Board of Elections |page=5 |url=http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/enrollment/congress/congress_nov06.pdf |date = November 1, 2006 |format=PDF |accessdate =February 2, 2011}}
22. ^{{cite journal |title=Murphy's Law: One Democrat's defeat explains how the party lost the House |last=Romano |first=Andrew |work=Newsweek |publisher=The Newsweek Daily Beast Company |url=http://www.newsweek.com/2010/11/03/the-anatomy-of-one-democrat-s-loss.html# |date=November 3, 2010 |accessdate=November 14, 2010}}
23. ^1 {{cite web |title=2006 Election Results |publisher=New York State Board of Elections |date=December 14, 2006 |accessdate=January 26, 2011 |url=http://www.elections.ny.gov/2006ElectionResults.html}}
24. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Gillibrand Brings Clout to House |first=Tim |last=O'Brien |work=Times Union |location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |page=B1 |date=November 9, 2006 |accessdate=February 2, 2011 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=6367342}}
25. ^{{cite web |title=Congressional Elections: New York's 20th Congressional District 2006 Election, Total Raised and Spent |publisher=Center for Responsive Politics (opensecrets.org) |date=August 20, 2007 |accessdate=February 2, 2011 |url=http://www.opensecrets.org/races/summary.php?cycle=2006&id=NY20}}
26. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Rebranding Gillibrand |last=Dougherty |first=Michael Brendan |work=The American Conservative |publisher=Ron Unz |date=April 6, 2009 |accessdate=February 20, 2019 |url=https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/rebranding-gillibrand/}}
27. ^1 {{cite web|last=Odato|first=James|title= Gillibrand's tobacco past includes Philip Morris|url=http://timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=729940&TextPage=1|publisher=Hearst Corporation|work=Albany Times-Union|date=October 16, 2008|accessdate=January 23, 2009}}
28. ^{{cite news |title=John & Gayle Sweeney Stand Side-By-Side, Firing Back |publisher=WTEN |date=November 2009 |accessdate=February 2, 2011 |url=http://www.wten.com/Global/story.asp?s=5622725}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=608104|title= Sweeney's wife claims he abused her: Says she fears for her life and that election eve denial was "coerced"|publisher=Albany Times Union|accessdate=July 25, 2007|date=July 22, 2006|last=Gurnett|first=Kate |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927004545/http://www.timesunion.com/AspStories/story.asp?storyID=608104 |archivedate = September 27, 2007}}
30. ^{{cite news |title=Siena: Gillibrand 46, Sweeney: 43 |first=Elizabeth |last=Benjamin |work=Times Union|location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |date=November 5, 2006 |accessdate=February 2, 2011 |url=http://blog.timesunion.com/capitol/archives/2673/siena-gillibrand-46-sweeney-43/}}
31. ^{{cite web |title=2008 Election Results |publisher=New York State Board of Elections |date=December 4, 2008 |accessdate=January 26, 2011 |url=http://www.elections.ny.gov/2008ElectionResults.html}}
32. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand is Repeat Winner |last=Hornbeck |first=Leigh |work=Times Union |location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |date=November 5, 2008 |accessdate=February 2, 2011 |page=A13 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7147108}}
33. ^Gillibrand, Treadwell spending millions, The Daily Gazette (Schenectady, NY) October 28, 2006. Quote: "The amount Kirsten Gillibrand and Sandy Treadwell are spending on their campaign for the 20th Congressional District seat so far this year is the second highest in the nation for a House race, according to both the Federal Election Commission and a campaign watchdog Web site."
34. ^{{cite news |title=Democrats Ride Obama's Coat-tails to Victory in Congressional Elections |author=No author listed |work=Daily Mail |publisher=Associated Newspapers Ltd |date=November 5, 2008 |accessdate=February 2, 2011 |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1083129/Democrats-ride-Obamas-coat-tails-victory-Congressional-elections.html#ixzz1CrL3T5Yr |location=London}}
35. ^1 [https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/27/nyregion/27gillibrand.html?pagewanted=all Raymond Hernandez and David Kocieniewski, "As New Lawyer, Senator Was Active in Tobacco’s Defense"], The New York Times, March 26, 2009
36. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://poststar.com/news/latest/gillibrand-votes-no-to-bailout-bill/article_6c57d919-13eb-5e55-be4d-e35d7a8ce4e2.html |newspaper=The Post-Star |location=Glens Falls, NY|title=Gillibrand votes no to bailout bill |date=October 3, 2008 |accessdate=March 15, 2013 |last=Thompson |first=Maury}}
37. ^1 {{cite news |title=Gillibrand Hints at a Change of Mind on Immigration |last=Powell |first=Michael |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=February 1, 2009 |accessdate=February 20, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/02/nyregion/02kirsten.html}}
38. ^1 {{cite news |title=Gillibrand's Immigration Views Draw Fire |last=Semple |first=Kirk |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=January 27, 2009 |accessdate=February 20, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/28/us/politics/28immigration.html}}
39. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://nymag.com/nymag/features/57197/index5.html|title=The Reintroduction of Kirsten Gillibrand|website=NYMag.com|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
40. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/01/20/gillibrand-senators-abrupt-move-to-the-left-an-issue/|title=Gillibrand: Senator’s abrupt move to the left an issue|date=January 21, 2019|publisher=}}
41. ^{{cite news |title=Congress and the Benefits of Sunshine |author=No author listed (editorial) |newspaper=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=December 14, 2006 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/14/opinion/14thu3.html}}
42. ^{{cite news |title=Barely in Office, but G.O.P. Rivals Are Circling |last=Hernandez |first=Raymond |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=May 15, 2007 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/15/nyregion/15freshman.html}}
43. ^{{cite news |title=Earmarked for Success? |last=Hernandez |first=Raymond |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=March 21, 2007 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/21/nyregion/21freshman.html}}
44. ^{{cite web |title=Standing Committees of the House |author=Joint Committee on Printing |work=Official Congressional Directory (110th Congress) |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |format=PDF |date=August 9, 2007 |accessdate=February 20, 2011 |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDIR-2007-08-09/pdf/CDIR-2007-08-09-HOUSECOMMITTEES.pdf}}
45. ^{{cite news |title=Paterson Announces Choice of Gillibrand for Senate Seat |last=Hernandez |first=Javier C. |author2=Danny Hakim |author3=Nicholas Confessore |publisher=The New York Times Company |work=The New York Times |date=January 23, 2009 |accessdate=January 26, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/24/nyregion/24choice.html?ref=nyregion}}
46. ^{{cite news |title=From Foe to Secretary of State |last1=Seiler |first1=Casey |last2=with wire reports |work=Times Union |location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |date=December 2, 2008 |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |page=A1 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7239251}}
47. ^{{cite news |title=Paterson Poised for Senate Pick |last=Hornbeck |first=Leigh |work=Times Union |location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |page=A1 |date=January 23, 2009 |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7411044}}
48. ^{{cite news |title=N.Y. Governor Names Clinton Successor |last=Silverleib |first=Alan |publisher=Cable New Network (CNN) |date=January 23, 2009 |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |url=http://articles.cnn.com/2009-01-23/politics/gillibrand.profile_1_rep-kirsten-gillibrand-hillary-clinton-hardball-politics?_s=PM:POLITICS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104092840/http://articles.cnn.com/2009-01-23/politics/gillibrand.profile_1_rep-kirsten-gillibrand-hillary-clinton-hardball-politics?_s=PM:POLITICS |archive-date=November 4, 2010 |dead-url=yes }}
49. ^1 {{cite journal |title=Upstate/Downstate Divide in Gillibrand Coverage |last=Germano |first=Sara |work=Columbia Journalism Review |publisher=Columbia University |date=January 28, 2009 |accessdate=January 30, 2011 |url=http://www.cjr.org/the_kicker/upstatedownstate_divide_in_gil.php}}
50. ^{{cite news |title=Week in Review: Some of the Top Stories in the Capital Region |author=Editorial (no author attributed) |work=Times Union |location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |page=B2 |date=January 25, 2009 |accessdate=January 30, 2011 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7419034}}
51. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/01/23/kirsten-gillibrand-called_n_160331.html|title=Kirsten Gillibrand Reached Out To Gay Rights Group|first=Sam|last=Stein|date=February 23, 2009|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018|via=Huff Post}}
52. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://observer.com/2009/01/how-and-why-gillibrand-got-right-with-gays/|title=How (and Why) Gillibrand Got Right With Gays|date=January 26, 2009|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
53. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2009/02/gillibrand_dropping_controvers.html|title=Gillibrand Dropping Controversial Positions Like They’re Hot|website=Intelligencer}}
54. ^{{cite web|title=Gillibrand, Tonko give their support to Murphy|publisher=troyrecord.com|url=http://www.troyrecord.com/article/TR/20090215/NEWS/302159988|date=February 15, 2009|accessdate=May 5, 2017}}
55. ^{{cite web|title=Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY 20th Congressional District|publisher=New York State Board of Elections|date=April 23, 2009|url=http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/Elections/2009/Special/20thCDCombinedResults04242009.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=May 5, 2017}}
56. ^1 {{cite news |title=With Kennedy Out, N.R.A. Becomes Issue |last=Hakim |first=Danny |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |date=January 22, 2009 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/22/congresswomen-could-be-in-senate-showdown/}}
57. ^{{cite web |title=McCarthy Won't Seek Gillibrand's Senate Seat |last=Brune |first=Tom |publisher=News Day |date=June 4, 2009 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=http://www.newsday.com/long-island/politics/mccarthy-won-t-seek-gillibrand-s-senate-seat-1.1240653?qr=1}}
58. ^1 {{cite news |title=Ford: Dems 'Bullied Me Out' of N.Y. Senate Race |agency=Associated Press |publisher=Fox News |date=March 2, 2009 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2010/03/01/ford-wont-run-gillibrand-new-york/?test=latestnews}}
59. ^{{cite news |title=In Tight Republican Race, DioGuardi Is Chosen to Face Gillibrand |last=Hernandez |first=Javier C. |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |page=A28 |date=September 15, 2010 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/15/nyregion/15gillibrand.html}}
60. ^{{cite web|title=2010 Primary Election Results |publisher=New York State Board of Elections |date=September 14, 2010 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2010/Primary/2010PrimaryElectionResults.pdf |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120823020615/http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2010/Primary/2010PrimaryElectionResults.pdf |archivedate=August 23, 2012 |df= }}
61. ^1 {{cite news |title=Election 2010 Results: New York |work=The New York Times |publisher=The New York Times Company |accessdate=April 15, 2011 |url=http://elections.nytimes.com/2010/results/new-york?scp=5&sq=dioguardi%20gillibrand&st=cse}}
62. ^{{cite press release |title=Cuomo Leads By 20 Points In New York Gov Race, Quinnipiac University Poll Finds; Gillibrand Stuns Gop Challenger |publisher=Quinnipiac University Polling Institute |date=October 27, 2010 |url=http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1318.xml?ReleaseID=1526 |access-date=April 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728052031/http://www.quinnipiac.edu/x1318.xml?ReleaseID=1526 |archive-date=July 28, 2011 |dead-url=yes }}
63. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.lohud.com/article/20120627/NEWS05/306270079/Wendy-Long-captures-Senate-Republican-primary-will-face-Sen-Kirsten-Gillibrand|title=Wendy Long captures Senate Republican primary, will face Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand |first=Brian |last=Tumulty|work=The Journal News|location=White Plains, NY|date=June 27, 2012 |accessdate=October 15, 2012}}
64. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.timesledger.com/stories/2012/25/lewis_all_2012_06_21_q.html|title=Long would champion small gov't is elected to U.S. Senate|first=William |last=Lewis|date=June 22, 2012|accessdate=October 15, 2012}}
65. ^{{cite news |title=Kirsten Gillibrand for New York |last=Editorial |publisher=The New York Times Company |work=The New York Times |date=October 21, 2012 |accessdate=October 21, 2012 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/21/opinion/sunday/kirsten-gillibrand-for-us-senate-from-new-york.html?smid=pl-share}}
66. ^{{cite news |title=Send Kirsten Gillibrand back to the Senate |last=Editorial |work=Democrat and Chronicle |publisher=Gannett Company |date=October 20, 2012 |accessdate=October 21, 2012 |url=http://www.democratandchronicle.com/article/A2/20121020/OPINION04/310200020/kirsten-gillibrand-new-york-senator-endorsement?odyssey=nav%7Chead&nclick_check=1}}
67. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/election/2012/results/state/NY#senate | work=CNN | title=New York Overview}}
68. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand breaks Schumer's record, still 'vulnerable' |last=Pillifant |first=Reid |work=Capital New York |publisher=CapNY, LLC |date=November 7, 2012 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/politics/2012/11/6539135/gillibrand-breaks-schumers-record-still-vulnerable}}
69. ^https://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2018/general/2018USSenate.pdf
70. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2019/01/15/arts/ap-us-election-2020-kirsten-gillibrand-colbert.html|title=Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand Jumps Into 2020 Presidential Race|agency=Associated Press|date=January 15, 2019}}
71. ^{{cite web |title=Indivisible Action |url=https://votesmart.org/interest-group/2811/indivisible-action#.XD_tglxKhPY |website=Vote Smart |accessdate=January 16, 2018}}
72. ^{{cite web |title=Working Families |url=https://votesmart.org/interest-group/2479/working-families#.XD_tflxKhPY |website=Vote SmartJanuary 16, 2018}}
73. ^url=http://www.msnbc.com/the-cycle/the-flip-flopping-nature-kirsten-gillibran
74. ^{{cite web|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/what-is-kirsten-gillibrand-up-to/|title=What Is Kirsten Gillibrand Up To?|first=Clare|last=Malone|date=December 21, 2017|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
75. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.salon.com/news/opinion/joe_conason/2009/01/23/kirsten_gillibrand|title=Kirsten Gillibrand. Really?|last=Conason|first=Joe|date=January 23, 2009|work=Salon.com|publisher=Salon Media Group|accessdate=April 6, 2017}}
76. ^"What 'Don't Ask Don't Tell' did for Kirsten Gillibrand" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319202959/http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/politics/2010/12/983717/what-dont-ask-dont-tell-did-kirsten-gillibrand |date=March 19, 2013 }}, Capital New York, Steve Kornacki, December 20, 2010
77. ^{{cite press release |title=Schumer, Gillibrand Make Direct Appeal to President Obama Recommending He Nominate the First Ever Latino to the Supreme Court Should a Vacancy Occur During His Term |publisher=Senate Offices of Chuck Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand |date=April 9, 2009 |accessdate=February 26, 2011 |url=http://schumer.senate.gov/new_website/record.cfm?id=311344}}
78. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand Gets the Gavel on Big Stage |last=Halbfinger |first=David M.|work=The New York Times|date=July 13, 2009|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/14/nyregion/14gillibrand.html}}
79. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/23/nyregion/23gillibrand.html|title=Gillibrand Emerges as Senate Force With 9/11 Aid Victory|first=David M.|last=Halbfinger|newspaper=New York Times|date=December 23, 2010}}
80. ^{{cite web|url=https://observer.com/2010/12/the-education-of-kirsten-gillibrand/|title=The Education of Kirsten Gillibrand|website=Observer|date=December 21, 2010|author=Reid Pillifant}}
81. ^{{cite web|author=Brian Mann|url=http://blogs.northcountrypublicradio.org/inbox/2010/12/22/sen-gillibrands-moment/|title=Sen. Gillibrand's moment|publisher=North Country Public Radio|date=December 22, 2010}}
82. ^Bill Summary & Status 112th Congress (2011–2012), "S.968 Cosponsors", Bill Summary & Status {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904220447/http://thomas.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d112%3ASN00968%3A%40%40%40P |date=September 4, 2013 }}
83. ^{{cite news |last=Wooledge |first=Scott |title=One more down: NY Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand now opposes PIPA/SOPA |url=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2012/01/20/1056650/-One-more-down-NY-Sen-Kirsten-Gillibrand-now-opposes-PIPA-SOPA |work=Daily Kos |accessdate=September 3, 2014 |date=January 20, 2012}}
84. ^{{cite news |title=STOCK Act: Insider Trading Bill To Receive Senate Vote Next Week |last=Grim |first=Ryan |author2=Zach Carter |work=Huffington Post |publisher= |date=January 26, 2012 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/01/26/stock-act-insider-trading-bill-senate_n_1234067.html}}
85. ^{{cite news |title=Obama signs STOCK Act to ban 'congressional insider trading' |last=Condon |first=Stephanie |work=cbsnews.com |publisher=CBS Interactive Inc. |date=April 4, 2012 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/obama-signs-stock-act-to-ban-congressional-insider-trading/}}
86. ^{{cite news |title=Rand Paul, Ted Cruz join Kirsten Gillibrand push on military sexual assault |last=Samuelsohn |first=Darren |date=July 16, 2013 |work=Politico |publisher=Politico, LLC |accessdate=September 4, 2014 |url=http://www.politico.com/story/2013/07/rand-paul-ted-cruz-kirsten-gillibrand-sexual-assault-push-94244.html}}
87. ^{{cite news |title=How Kirsten Gillibrand won by losing |last=O'Keefe |first=Ed |work=The Washington Post |date=March 6, 2014 |accessdate=September 4, 2014 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2014/03/06/how-kirsten-gillibrand-won-by-losing/}}
88. ^{{cite news |last1=Span |first1=Paula |title=A Federal Proposal for Paid Family Leave |url=https://newoldage.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/12/13/a-federal-proposal-for-paid-family-leave/ |accessdate=January 20, 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=December 13, 2013 |quote=The federal Family and Medical Insurance Leave Act, introduced Thursday in Congress, would provide paid leave for workers who need time off to care for family members with serious health conditions, to care for a newborn, or to recover from health problems, including pregnancy and childbirth.}}
89. ^1 2 {{cite news|last1=Steinhauer|first1=Jennifer|title=New York's Junior Senator, Doggedly Refusing to Play the Part|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/07/us/politics/new-yorks-junior-senator-doggedly-refusing-to-play-the-part.html?pagewanted=all|accessdate=November 7, 2014|work=The New York Times|date=December 6, 2013}}
90. ^{{cite news |title=Kirsten Gillibrand: The U.S. Senate's rising Democratic star |last=D'Amato |first=Alfonse |work=Time |publisher=Time Inc. |date=April 23, 2014 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=http://time.com/70842/kirsten-gillibrand-2014-time-100/}}
91. ^{{cite news|title=Columbia University anti-rape activist attends State of the Union aiming to stop college sexual assault|last=Friedman|first=Dan|work=New York Daily News|date=January 21, 2015|accessdate=February 7, 2015|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/gillibrand-defends-activist-critics-calling-fake-article-1.2086128}}
92. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/senate-bill/720/cosponsors?r=1&q=%7B%22search%22:%5B%22Israel+Anti-Boycott+act%22%5D,%22party%22:%22Democratic%22%7D|title=Cosponsors - S.720 - 115th Congress (2017-2018): Israel Anti-Boycott Act|first=Cardin,|last=Benjamin|date=March 23, 2017|website=www.congress.gov}}
93. ^{{cite web|url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/senate-bill-would-make-it-a-federal-crime-to-boycott-israel.html|title=43 Senators Want to Make It a Federal Crime to Boycott Israeli Settlements|first=Eric|last=Levitz|publisher=}}
94. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/07/opinion/roger-waters-congress-silencing-advocates.html|title=Opinion - Roger Waters: Congress Shouldn't Silence Human Rights Advocates|publisher=}}
95. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.aclu.org/letter/aclu-letter-senate-opposing-israel-anti-boycott-act|title=ACLU Letter to the Senate Opposing Israel Anti-Boycott Act|publisher=}}
96. ^{{cite web|url=http://observer.com/2017/07/kirsten-gillibrand-israel-boycott-legislation/|title=Gillibrand Now Says She Won't Support Israel Boycott Bill 'In Its Current Form'|date=July 31, 2017|publisher=}}
97. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesunion.com/7day-state/article/Gillibrand-embarrassed-by-previous-positions-12607688.php|title=Gillibrand 'embarrassed' by previous positions|date=February 12, 2018|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
98. ^{{cite web|last1=SCHOR|first1=ELANA|last2=LIN|first2=JEREMY C.F.|title=The Hell-No Caucus: How five 2020 contenders voted on Trump's nominees|url=https://www.politico.com/interactives/2018/how-five-2020-contenders-voted-on-trumps-nominees/|website=Politico|accessdate=April 6, 2018}}
99. ^{{cite web |title=Standing Committees of the Senate |author=Joint Committee on Printing |work=Congressional Directory (111th Congress) |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |format=PDF |date=December 1, 2009 |accessdate=February 20, 2011 |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDIR-2009-12-01/pdf/CDIR-2009-12-01-SENATECOMMITTEES.pdf}}
100. ^{{cite web |title=Assignments of Senators to Committees |author=Joint Committee on Printing |work=Congressional Directory (111th Congress) |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |format=PDF |date=December 1, 2009 |accessdate=February 20, 2011 |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDIR-2009-12-01/pdf/CDIR-2009-12-01-COMMITTEEASSIGNMENTS.pdf}}
101. ^{{cite journal |title=Constituting Majority Party's Membership on Certain Committees for the One Hundred Twelfth Congress |journal=Congressional Record |volume=157 |issue=16 |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |pages=S556–S557 |url=http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getpage.cgi?position=all&page=S556&dbname=2011_record |format=PDF |date=February 3, 2011 |accessdate=February 20, 2011}}
102. ^{{cite web|title=Members|author=|url=http://www.afterschoolalliance.org/policyCongressionalCaucuses.cfm|format=|publisher=Afterschool Alliance|date=|accessdate=April 30, 2018}}
103. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.cbsnews.com/news/kirsten-gillibrand-says-shes-ruling-out-a-2020-presidential-bid/ | title = Kirsten Gillibrand says she's "ruling out" a 2020 presidential bid | date = May 2, 2017 | website = cbsnews.com | publisher = CBS News | access-date = June 29, 2017}}
104. ^{{cite news |last1=Schneider |first1=Elena |title=Kirsten Gillibrand launches presidential exploratory committee |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/15/kirsten-gillibrand-launches-presidential-exploratory-committee-1102369 |accessdate=January 15, 2019 |work=POLITICO |date=January 15, 2019 |language=en}}
105. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/02/01/690618851/democratic-presidential-candidates-say-no-to-corporate-pac-money|title=Democratic Presidential Candidates Say 'No' To Corporate PAC Money|website=NPR.org|language=en|access-date=2019-02-04}}
106. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/i-will-stand-up-for-what-i-believe-in-sen-kirsten-gillibrand-says--but-what-she-believes-quickly-changed-as-she-moved-from-house-to-senate/2019/01/19/1534b4ce-1b55-11e9-9ebf-c5fed1b7a081_story.html|title=‘I will stand up for what I believe in’ Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand says — but what she believes quickly changed as she moved from House to Senate|last=|first=|date=2019|work=The Washington Post|access-date=}}
107. ^{{cite news | publisher=The New York Times | title=Paterson Picks Gillibrand for Senate Seat |author1=Hakim, Danny |author2=Confessore, Nicholas | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/24/nyregion/24choice.html?ref=nyregion | date=January 23, 2000 | accessdate=January 23, 2009}}
108. ^{{cite web|url=http://kirstengillibrand.com/free_details.asp?id=1 |title=About Kirsten |publisher=Gillibrand for Congress |accessdate=January 23, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081218093254/http://kirstengillibrand.com/free_details.asp?id=1 |archivedate=December 18, 2008 }}
109. ^{{cite web|url=http://theweek.com/articles/691363/kirsten-gillibrand-2020-not-wall-street-problem|title=Kirsten Gillibrand 2020? Not with her Wall Street problem.|date=April 11, 2017|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
110. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.newsday.com/news/nation/kirsten-gillibrand-new-york-senate-1.19819098|title=The evolution of Kirsten Gillibrand|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
111. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/01/23/kirsten-gillibrand-called_n_160331.html|title=Kirsten Gillibrand Reached Out To Gay Rights Group|first=Sam|last=Stein|date=February 23, 2009|publisher=|via=Huff Post}}
112. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand Backs Gun Control Bill |last=Dlouhy |first=Jennifer A. |work=Times Union (Albany) |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |page=A3 |date=February 27, 2009 |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |url=http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7544955 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723210145/http://albarchive.merlinone.net/mweb/wmsql.wm.request?oneimage&imageid=7544955 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=July 23, 2011 }}
113. ^{{cite news |last1=Chokshi |first1=Niraj |title=Hundreds Arrested During Women’s Immigration Protest in Washington |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/29/us/politics/womens-march-arrests-dc.html |accessdate=January 20, 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=June 29, 2018 |quote='It has become a deportation force,' Ms. Gillibrand said on Twitter on Friday. 'We need to separate immigration issues from criminal justice. We need to abolish ICE, start over and build something that actually works.'}}
114. ^{{cite news |last1=Cochrane |first1=Emily |title=Trump Attacks Democrats on Calls to Abolish ICE |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/01/us/politics/trump-interview-ice-trade-nafta.html |accessdate=January 20, 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=July 1, 2018 |quote='I believe you should get rid of it, start over, reimagine it and build something that actually works,' Ms. Gillibrand said on CNN.}}
115. ^{{cite news |last1=Draper |first1=Robert |title=The Democrats Have an Immigration Problem |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/10/magazine/the-democrats-have-an-immigration-problem.html |accessdate=January 20, 2019 |work=The New York Times Magazine |date=October 10, 2018 |quote=She said, 'I think you should reimagine ICE under a new agency with a very different mission.'}}
116. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.cityandstateny.com/articles/politics/news-politics/gillibrand-swings-left-economics.html|title=Gillibrand swings left on economics|first=Ben|last=Adler|date=May 1, 2018|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
117. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/24/nyregion/kirsten-gillibrand-2020-economic-agenda.html|title=As Gillibrand Pushes Left, Her Economic Agenda Tilts to Populism|publisher=|accessdate=October 7, 2018}}
118. ^{{cite web|url=https://freebeacon.com/politics/gillibrand-reverses-position-on-drivers-licenses-for-undocumented-immigrants/|title=Gillibrand Wants Illegal Immigrants to Get Drivers' Licenses, Reversing Previous Position|first=Nic|last=Rowan|date=January 16, 2019|publisher=}}
119. ^{{cite web |title=Issues: Right to Choose |publisher=Office of Senator Kirsten Gillibrand |accessdate=February 28, 2011 |url=https://gillibrand.senate.gov/issues/issue/?id=57cd61b3-dc1b-4613-b528-40a874429dc9}}
120. ^1 {{cite news |last1=Goldmacher |first1=Shane |title=As Gillibrand Pushes Left, Her Economic Agenda Tilts to Populism |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/24/nyregion/kirsten-gillibrand-2020-economic-agenda.html |accessdate=January 20, 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=July 24, 2018 |quote=She is now aligned with four of the key platform planks of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the 28-year-old Democratic socialist who shocked the political world when she beat Representative Joseph Crowley last month in a Democratic primary in New York. Both support Medicare-for-all (which Ms. Gillibrand backed in her first 2006 House race), a federal jobs guarantee, rejecting corporate PAC funds and abolishing ICE.}}
121. ^{{cite news |last1=Khimm |first1=Suzy |title=‘Medicare for All’ Isn’t Sounding So Crazy Anymore |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/15/opinion/sunday/medicare-for-all-isnt-sounding-so-crazy-anymore.html |accessdate=January 16, 2019 |work=The New York Times |date=July 15, 2017 |quote=“Health care should be a right. It should never be a privilege,” Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, Democrat of New York, and a potential 2020 presidential candidate, recently asserted. “We should have Medicare for all in this country.”}}
122. ^{{cite web |title=Kirsten Gillibrand on Government Reform |publisher=On the Issues |date=December 15, 2010 |accessdate=February 28, 2011 |url=http://www.ontheissues.org/NY/Kirsten_Gillibrand_Government_Reform.htm}}
123. ^Goldmacher, Shane, and Flegenheimer, Matt, [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/16/us/politics/senator-kirsten-gillibrand-trump-women-sexual-harassment.html Kirsten Gillibrand, Long a Champion of Women, Finds the Nation Joining Her], The New York Times, December 16, 2017
124. ^{{cite news|last1=Schor|first1=Elana|last2=Kim|first2=Seung Min|title=More than two dozen Democratic senators call on Franken to resign|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2017/12/06/gillibrand-calls-on-franken-to-resign-282112|access-date=December 6, 2017|work=POLITICO|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206182739/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/12/06/gillibrand-calls-on-franken-to-resign-282112|archivedate=December 6, 2017}}
125. ^{{cite web |title=Backlash |publisher=The New Republic |accessdate=December 13, 2017 |url= https://newrepublic.com/article/146255/backlash}}
126. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/16/us/politics/gillibrand-bill-clinton-sexual-misconduct.html|title=Bill Clinton Should Have Resigned Over Lewinsky Affair, Kirsten Gillibrand Says|work=The New York Times|last=Steinhauer|first=Jennifer|date=November 16, 2017|access-date=October 1, 2018}}
127. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/politics/albany/2018/05/31/bill-clinton-responds-kirsten-gillibrands-call-he-shouldve-resigned/661039002/|title=Bill Clinton: Kirsten Gillibrand 'living in a different context' on resignation remark|work=Democrat and Chronicle|last=Spector|first=Joseph|date=May 31, 2018|access-date=October 1, 2018}}
128. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Gillibrand-Sleeps-With-Guns-Under-Her-Bed.html|title=Gillibrand Sleeps With Guns Under Her Bed|website=NBC New York}}
129. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Churchill-Why-did-Gillibrand-flop-Upstate-made-12614945.php|title=Churchill: Why did Gillibrand flop? Upstate made her do it|first=Chris|last=Churchill|date=February 15, 2018|website=Times Union}}
130. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2012/12/report-gillibrand-shifts-on-guns-85474.html|title=Report: Gillibrand shifts on guns|first=Katie|last=Glueck|website=POLITICO}}
131. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/rubycramer/kirsten-gillibrand-no-longer-keeps-guns-under-her|title=Kirsten Gillibrand No Longer Keeps Guns Under Her Bed|website=BuzzFeed News}}
132. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand Buys Home Outside Troy |last=Bryce |first=Jill |work=Times Union|location=Albany |publisher=Hearst Newspapers |date=February 11, 2011 |accessdate=February 11, 2011 |url=http://www.timesunion.com/business/article/Gillibrand-buys-home-outside-Troy-1009307.php}}
133. ^{{Cite book| last=Gillibrand| first=Kirsten|title=Off the Sidelines: Raise Your Voice, Change the World | publisher=Ballantine Books | location= | year=2014 | isbn=978-0804179072}}
134. ^{{cite news |title=The Gillibrand mystique: Is memoir a step along presidential pathway? |last=Torregrosa |first=Luisita Lopez |work=The Washington Post Magazine |publisher=Nash Holdings LLC |date=September 4, 2014 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/the-gillibrand-mystique-is-memoir-a-step-along-presidential-pathway/2014/09/04/c6ba6346-23c6-11e4-86ca-6f03cbd15c1a_story.html}}
135. ^{{cite news |title=Senator Says Male Colleague Told Her 'You're Even Pretty When You're Fat' |last=Rhodan |first=Maya |work=Time |publisher=Time Inc |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=http://time.com/3197103/kirsten-gillibrand-senate-sexism/}}
136. ^{{cite news |title=Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand: 'I Will Help Hillary Get Elected' |last=Fowler |first=Tara |author2=Sandra Sobieraj |work=People |publisher=Time Inc |date=August 27, 2014 |accessdate=September 7, 2014 |url=http://www.people.com/article/kirsten-gillibrand-hillary-clinton-president}}
137. ^{{cite news |title=Gillibrand book debuts on Times' best-seller list |last=Pillifant |first=Reid |work=Capital New York |publisher=CapNY, LLC |date=September 19, 2014 |accessdate=September 30, 2014 |url=http://www.capitalnewyork.com/article/city-hall/2014/09/8552981/gillibrand-book-debuts-times-best-seller-list}}

Citations

{{reflist}}

Further reading

  • {{CongLinks | congbio=g000555 | votesmart=65147 | fec=S0NY00410 | congress=kirsten-gillibrand/1866 }}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110622084918/http://www.newsmeat.com/washington_political_donations/Kirsten_Gillibrand.php Campaign contributions made by Kirsten Gillibrand]
  • {{cite journal|author=Osnos|first=Evan|author-link=Evan Osnos|date=December 16, 2013|title=Strong Vanilla: the relentless rise of Kirsten Gillibrand|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/12/16/strong-vanilla|department=Profiles|journal=The New Yorker|volume=89|issue=41|pages=40–46|via=||authormask=}}

External links

{{Wikiquote}}{{Commons category|Kirsten Gillibrand}}
  • [https://www.gillibrand.senate.gov Senator Kirsten Gillibrand] official U.S. Senate website
  • [https://kirstengillibrand.com/ Kirsten Gillibrand for Senate]
  • [https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/what-is-kirsten-gillibrand-up-to/ "What Is Kirsten Gillibrand Up To?"] Clare Malone (December 21, 2017). FiveThirtyEight.
  • {{Dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/New_York/Government/Federal/US_Senate/Kirsten_Gillibrand_%5BD%5D}}
  • {{C-SPAN|kirstengillibrand}}
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from New York's 20th congressional district|years=2007–2009}}{{s-aft|after=Scott Murphy}}
|-{{s-par|us-sen}}{{s-bef|before=Hillary Clinton}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Senator (Class 1) from New York|alongside=Chuck Schumer|years=2009–present}}{{s-inc}}
|-{{s-hon}}{{s-bef|before=Michael Bennet}}{{s-ttl|title=Baby of the Senate|years=2009}}{{s-aft|after=George LeMieux}}
|-{{s-new|office}}{{s-ttl|title=Honorary Chair of the College Democrats of America|years=2011–present}}{{s-inc}}
|-{{s-ppo}}{{s-bef|before=Hillary Clinton}}{{s-ttl|title=Democratic nominee for U.S. Senator from New York
(Class 1)|years=2010, 2012, 2018}}{{s-inc|recent}}
|-{{s-prec|usa}}{{s-bef|before=Michael Bennet}}{{s-ttl|title=United States Senators by seniority|years=42nd}}{{s-aft|after=Joe Manchin}}{{s-end}}{{NY-FedRep}}{{Current U.S. Senators}}{{Current New York statewide political officials}}{{USSenNY}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Gillibrand, Kirsten}}

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