| 词条 | Koluszki |
| 释义 |
| name = Koluszki | image_shield = POL Koluszki COA.svg | image_skyline = Koluszki z lotu ptaka.jpg | shield_size = 100x90px | pushpin_map = Poland | pushpin_label_position = bottom | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{POL}} | subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship | subdivision_name1 = Łódź | subdivision_type2 = County | subdivision_name2 = Łódź East | subdivision_type3 = Gmina | subdivision_name3 = Koluszki | leader_title = Burmistrz | leader_name = Waldemar Chałat | area_total_km2 = 9.41 | population_as_of = 2016 | population_total = 13246 | population_density_km2 = auto | timezone = CET | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | coordinates = {{coord|51|45|N|19|48|E|region:PL|display=inline,title}} | elevation_m = 211 | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 95-040 | blank_name = Car plates | blank_info = ELW | website = {{URL|http://www.koluszki.pl}} }} Koluszki {{IPAc-pl|k|o|'|l|u|sz|k|J|i}} is a town, and a major railway junction, in Central Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship, about 20 km east of Łódź with a population of 13,246 (2016).[1] The junction in Koluszki serves trains that go from Warsaw to Łódź, Wrocław, Częstochowa and Katowice. It is also connected to Radom and Lublin by an eastbound line. HistoryThe town was first mentioned in 1399. During the 14th and 15th century, it prospered along the trade route between Danzig and Russia. By 1790, there was a grist mill, sawmill, brewery, and inn. Under the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the settlement was annexed by Prussia. It returned to Congress Poland following the Congress of Vienna in 1815. On September 2, 1846, the town was first connected to the emerging Polish railways as part of the mainline between Warsaw and Kraków. Following the development of Łódź as an industrial center, Koluszki served as the junction for its rail. By 1900, about half of the town worked for the railway in some capacity and the town developed around the railway and bus stations. The town suffered during both world wars. Under the Nazi occupation during the Second World War, Koluszki was annexed to Germany and was the site of a Jewish ghetto. Most of the Jews were later murdered at Treblinka. {{further information|Timeline of Treblinka}}The town was restored to Poland by the Red Army on January 18, 1945. Its town charter was established in 1949. PostPoczta Polska – the postal service of Poland maintains its Department of Undelivered Mail (Wydział Przesyłek Niedoręczalnych) in the Koluszki post office. References1. ^{{cite book |author= |title=Population. Size and Structure and Vital Statistics in Poland by Territorial Division in 2016, as of December 31. |url=http://stat.gov.pl/download/gfx/portalinformacyjny/pl/defaultaktualnosci/5468/6/21/1/stan_i_struktura_ludno_oraz_ruch_naturalny_w_przekroju_teryt_stan-na-31-12-2016.pdf |location=Warszawa |publisher=Główny Urząd Statystyczny |page=115 |date=2017 |issn=2451-2087}} External links
3 : Cities and towns in Łódź Voivodeship|Łódź East County|Holocaust locations in Poland |
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