| 词条 | Konstantin von Benckendorff |
| 释义 |
Konstantin von Benckendorff ({{lang-ru|Константин Христофорович Бенкендорф}}, Konstantin Khristoforovich Benkendorf; January 31, 1785 – August 6, 1828) was a Baltic German general and diplomat. Life and careerKonstantin von Benckendorff was born into Russia's distinctive Baltic nobility to a Baltic German family in Reval (now Tallinn) in today's Estonia, son of General Baron {{Interlanguage link multi|Christoph von Benckendorff|de|3=Christoph Iwanowitsch von Benckendorff}} (Friedrichsham, 12 January 1749 - 10 June 1823), who served as the military governor of Livonia, and wife Baroness Anna Juliane Charlotte Schilling von Canstatt (Thalheim, 31 July 1744 - 11 March 1797), who held a high position at the Romanov Court as senior lady-in-waiting and best friend of Empress Maria Fyodorovna, and paternal grandson of Johann Michael von Benckendorff and wife Sophie von Löwenstern. His brother Alexander von Benckendorff (1783-1844) was also a general and statesman, and his sister Dorothea von Lieven was a political force famous at London, St. Petersburg, and Paris. His other sister Maria von Benckendorff (Saint Petersburg, 1784 - ?) married Ivan Georgievich Sevitsch. Trained as a diplomat, he joined the army to take part in the concluding stages of the Napoleonic wars, specifically in the taking of Kassel, Fulda, Hanau, Rheims, and Soissons. After the war, Benckendorff returned to diplomacy. Five years later, he was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to Baden and Stuttgart. With the outbreak of the Russo-Persian War he returned to Russia, captured Echmiadzin and routed the Kurds near Erivan. He then crossed the Araks River and defeated the Persian cavalry. Benckendorff died of a fever that swept through the Russian army at the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War, 1828-1829. He married on 1 September 1814 Natalia Alopaeus (4 February 1796 - 29 January 1823) and had two children: Konstantin Alexander von Benckendorff (22 October 1816 - Paris, 29 January 1858), married in Potsdam on 20 June 1848 to Princess Louise Constantine Nathalie Johanne de Croy (Anholt, 2 November 1825 - Meran, 8 January 1890) - the parents, among others, of Konstantin and Countess Marie (1818 - 31 October 1844), married to Pavel Matveyevich Golenischev-Kutuzov-Tolstoi (1800 - 1883). Honours and awards
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15 : 1725 births|1828 deaths|People from Tallinn|People from the Governorate of Estonia|Baltic-German people|Imperial Russian Army generals|Russian commanders of the Napoleonic Wars|19th-century Estonian people|Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd class|Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class|Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree|Recipients of the Order of the Red Eagle, 2nd class|Knights First Class of the Order of the Sword|Knights of the Military Order of Max Joseph|Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery |
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