| 词条 | Cro-Mags |
| 释义 |
| name = Cro-Mags | caption =Harley perfoming on stage, New York. | image_size = | background = group_or_band | alias = | origin = New York City, New York, US | genre = {{flatlist|
| years_active = 1981–present | label = {{flatlist|
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
}} | website = {{URL|cro-mags.com}} | current_members =
| past_members =
}} The Cro-Mags are an American hardcore punk / crossover thrash band from New York City. The band, which has a strong cult following, has released five studio albums, their first two considered the most influential. With a Hare Krishna background, they were among the first bands to fuse hardcore punk with thrash metal and were associated with the birth of a tougher attitude within the hardcore scene in the late 1980s, related to the world of martial arts. Harley Flanagan (formerly drummer for the Stimulators) and John Joseph are practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu and boxing respectively.[1][2] Flanagan is currently a second degree black belt under Renzo Gracie. The Cro-Mags have gone through many line-up changes since the first line-up prior to Age of Quarrel, and are currently in litigation over trademark infringement as Flanagan has been the sole trademark owner of the group's name since the early 1990s, the primary song-writer and only member featured on every album, while other members have toured under the moniker without his permission. According to Allmusic: Before the Cro-Mags, the idea of combining hardcore and heavy metal together was unheard of. But with the release of their classic debut, The Age of Quarrel, hardcore-metal was born, and in its wake came a legion of similarly styled offspring (Biohazard, Vision of Disorder, etc.).[3] {{TOC limit|2}}HistoryThe band's early years were spent living in burnt out buildings, squats and on the streets.[4] By 1982/83 Flanagan recorded the very first Cro-Mags demo consisting of 4 songs that would become the blue print their debut album The Age of Quarrel (1986). Flanagan wrote all of the music, played each instrument, and performed vocals. Before long he connected with Parris Mayhew and the two started writing music and auditioning band members. Age of Quarrel singer John Joseph parted ways with the band for the first time after Age of Quarrel, leaving bass player Harley Flanagan to sing on the following Cro-Mags release, Best Wishes (1989), which had a more heavy metal-influenced sound. The next record Alpha Omega saw the return of Joseph singing along with Flanagan. According to guitarist and songwriter Parris Mayhew, he wrote most of the album with guitarist Rob Buckley. However, neither Mayhew or Buckley played on the actual recording and the writing has been disputed by Flanagan and others. The Cro-Mags disbanded and later recorded the album with the return of Doug Holland and a new rhythm guitarist: Gabby Abularach.[5] The album Near Death Experience was released in 1993, after which the group disbanded for several years. They began touring again in the late 1990s with Flanagan on vocals and bass and Mayhew returning to the fold and eventually released Revenge in 2000. For many fans, this album signified a return to Cro-Mags' early hardcore roots. Many songs were comparable to those on The Age of Quarrel, although some featured a more melodic/punk rock style. The release of Revenge and its subsequent tour resulted in yet another break up, which caused lasting resentment between Mayhew and Flanagan. In 2001 Flanagan asked JJ to join him once again, but that was a short lived reunion and ended in 2002. In 2008 John Joseph and Mackie began playing shows with hired musicians on bass and guitar. In an October 2010 interview Joseph revealed that they were planning to release a new album in 2011.[6] As of 2018 the album has yet to be released. Flanagan released an album, Cro-Mags, in 2016.[7] In 2018 Flanagan filed a federal trademark infringement action suing prior band members John Joseph McGowan and Mackie Jayson. The case is still live to this day. Members{{BLP unsourced section|date=May 2017}}Current members
Former members
At various times during the 1990s and 2000s, Flanagan and JJ simultaneously led separate versions of the Cro-Mags with completely different lineups. The groups billed themselves as Cro-Mag Jam, Street Justice, Age of Quarrel, FVK (Fearless Vampire Killers) or Cholo-Mags.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} Timeline{{#tag:timeline| ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:20 PlotArea = left:150 bottom:60 top:10 right:30 Alignbars = justify DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:01/01/1981 till:{{#time:d/m/Y}} TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy Legend = orientation:horizontal position:bottom ScaleMajor = increment:5 start:1981 ScaleMinor = increment:1 start:1981 Colors = id:vocals value:red legend:Vocals id:guitar value:green legend:Guitars id:bass value:blue legend:Bass id:drums value:orange legend:Drums id:studio value:black legend:Studio_album id:bars value:gray(0.9) BackgroundColors = bars:bars LineData = layer:back color:studio at:01/07/1986 at:26/04/1989 at:01/06/1992 at:01/06/1993 at:18/01/2000 BarData = bar:Casanova text:Eric Casanova bar:JJ text:John Joseph bar:Parris text:Parris Mayhew bar:Holland text:Doug Holland bar:Buckley text:Rob Buckley bar:Abularach text:Gabby Abularach bar:George text:Rocky George bar:AJ text:A.J. Novello bar:HF text:Harley Flanagan bar:Craig text:Craig Setari bar:Mackie text:Mackie Jayson bar:Hines text:Pete Hines bar:DiCenso text:Dave di Censo PlotData= align:center textcolor:white fontsize:8 width:10 shift:(0,-5) width:11 textcolor:black align:left anchor:from shift:(10,-4) bar:Casanova from:01/01/1982 till:01/01/1984 color:vocals bar:JJ from:01/01/1984 till:01/01/1987 color:vocals bar:JJ from:01/01/1991 till:01/01/1999 color:vocals bar:JJ from:01/01/2002 till:01/01/2003 color:vocals bar:JJ from:01/01/2008 till:end color:vocals bar:Parris from:01/01/1981 till:01/01/1991 color:guitar bar:Holland from:01/01/1985 till:01/08/1989 color:guitar bar:Buckley from:01/08/1989 till:01/01/1991 color:guitar bar:Abularach from:01/01/1991 till:31/12/1995 color:guitar bar:George from:01/01/1999 till:31/12/2000 color:guitar bar:Holland from:01/01/1991 till:01/01/1999 color:guitar bar:Parris from:01/01/1999 till:01/01/2001 color:guitar bar:Buckley from:01/01/2000 till:01/01/2002 color:guitar bar:George from:01/01/2002 till:01/01/2003 color:guitar bar:Holland from:01/01/2001 till:01/01/2002 color:guitar bar:AJ from:01/01/2008 till:end color:guitar bar:HF from:01/01/1981 till:31/12/1995 color:bass bar:HF from:01/01/1987 till:31/12/1995 color:vocals width:3 bar:HF from:01/01/1999 till:01/01/2002 color:vocals width:3 bar:HF from:01/01/1999 till:01/01/2002 color:bass bar:Craig from:01/01/2008 till:end color:bass bar:Mackie from:01/01/1982 till:01/11/1986 color:drums bar:Hines from:01/11/1986 till:01/08/1989 color:drums bar:DiCenso from:01/08/1989 till:01/01/1996 color:drums bar:Mackie from:01/01/1996 till:01/01/1999 color:drums bar:DiCenso from:01/01/1999 till:01/01/2001 color:drums bar:Mackie from:01/01/2008 till:end color:drums }} Discography{{Main|Cro-Mags discography}}
Related bands{{BLP unsourced section|date=May 2017}}
See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://bjjstyle.com/hardcore-legend-harley-flanagan-his-journey-to-black-belt/|title=HARDCORE LEGEND HARLEY FLANAGAN: HIS JOURNEY TO BLACK BELT – Jiu Jitsu Style|last=Style|first=Jiu Jitsu|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.triathlete.com/2013/03/features/john-joseph-from-frontman-to-ironman_71597|title=John Joseph: From Frontman To Ironman|last=HarderMar 5|first=Jeff|last2=2013|date=2013-03-05|website=Triathlete|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-25}} 3. ^http://www.allmusic.com/artist/cro-mags-mn0000781766 4. ^http://www.cro-mags.com 5. ^Response to xSampax from Pariss 6. ^Punknews.org | Cro-mags plan 2011 album 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.punknews.org/review/14145/harley-flanagan-cro-mags|title=Harley Flanagan - Cro-mags|last=Punknews.org|first=|date=23 Jan 2016|website=www.punknews.org|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-03-25}} External links
8 : 1981 establishments in New York (state)|American thrash metal musical groups|Crossover thrash groups|Hardcore punk groups from New York (state)|Heavy metal musical groups from New York (state)|International Society for Krishna Consciousness bands|Musical groups established in 1981|Musical quartets |
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