| 词条 | Crossover (automobile) |
| 释义 |
Crossover, or crossover SUV, are terms predominantly used in the United States for vehicles with sport utility vehicle (SUV) styling features that are based on passenger car platforms and are only intended for light off-road use. Models which are classified as crossovers in the United States are classified as SUVs in other countries. The 1948 Willys-Overland Jeepster convertible coupe is considered the earliest ancestor to the crossover, however the first model considered to be a crossover was the AMC Eagle, which was released in 1979. In the United States, more than 50% of the overall SUV market was crossover models in 2006. DefinitionA crossover is a vehicle with SUV styling features that is based on a passenger car platform. The early crossovers resembled small SUVs or large wagons.[1] Crossovers have ride, handling, performance and fuel economy characteristics similar to cars[2][3] and are only intended for light off-road use.[4][5] Crossovers are sometimes referred to as "crossover SUVs".[6] Models which are classified as crossovers in the United States (such as the Toyota Highlander and Honda CR-V) are classified as SUVs in other countries.[2] Origin{{Multiple image | align = right | direction = vertical| image1 = Jeepster.jpg | caption1 = 1948 Willys Jeepster }} Among the earliest ancestors of what evolved into the modern crossover was the 1948 Willys-Overland Jeepster convertible coupe,[7] which combined car-like features with off-road capabilities. The Jensen FF luxury coupe, with 320 units produced from 1966-1971, was the first car platform equipped with four-wheel drive.[8][9] In 1972, the Greek company Neorion designed a four-wheel drive luxury car which used the engine from the Jeep Wagoneer (SJ).[10] Four prototypes were built, however the model did not reach production. Another contender before the crossover description became common was the 1977 Matra Rancho.[11] Introduced in 1979, the AMC Eagle is often identified as the first crossover SUV,[12][13] prior to the terms SUV or crossover being used.[14][15] The mass-market Eagle model line was based on a unibody passenger car platform, with fully automatic four-wheel drive and a raised ride-height.[16][17][18][19][20] The 1988 Suzuki Vitara is considered to be an early crossover SUV.[21][22] Another early crossover is the 1996 Toyota RAV4, because it was built on a passenger car platform.[23] {{gallery|mode=packed |height=150 |align=center | File: Neorion Chicago 1974 vvl.JPG | 1974 Neorion Chicago | File: 1977 Simca Matra Rancho.jpg | 1977 Matra-Simca Rancho | File: 1982 AMC Eagle 4-door wagon two-tone 03.jpg | 1979-1987 AMC Eagle | File: 1995 Toyota RAV4 (SXA11R) Cruiser wagon (2015-07-14) 01.jpg | 1995 Toyota RAV4 }} PopularityEuropeSince the early 2010s, sales of crossover-type vehicles has been increasing in Europe.[24] By 2017, European sales of compact and midsized crossover models continued to surge.[25] United StatesBy 2006, the segment came into strong visibility in the U.S., when crossover sales "made up more than 50% of the overall SUV market".[26] Sales increased in 2007 by 16%.[4] For Audi, the Audi Q5 has become their second best-selling vehicle in the United States market after the Audi A4 sedan.[27] Around half of Lexus' sales volume come from its SUVs since the late 1990s, the big majority of which is the Lexus RX crossover.[28] In the U.S., domestic manufacturers were slow to switch from their emphasis on light truck-based SUVs, and foreign automakers developed crossovers targeting the U.S. market, as an alternative to station wagons that are unpopular there. But by the 2010 model year, domestic automakers had quickly caught up.[2] The segment has strong appeal to aging baby boomers.[2] ModelsCrossovers have been produced in size categories ranging from subcompact and compact to mid-size. {{main|Category:Crossover sport utility vehicles}}See also{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.edmunds.com/infiniti/fx35/review.html |title=Inifiti FX35 Review |work=Edmunds |year=2009 |accessdate=27 July 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091211182435/http://www.edmunds.com/infiniti/fx35/review.html |archivedate=11 December 2009 }} {{Automobile configuration}}Sport Utility Vehicle#Softroader2. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |title= GM and Ford's New Cross to Bear |work= CNN Money |first= Chris |last= Isidore |date= 9 January 2006 |url= http://money.cnn.com/2006/01/09/Autos/detroit_crossovers/index.htm |accessdate= 27 July 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |title=Smart Buying Essentials What is a Crossover Vehicle? |work=Intellichoice |url= http://www.intellichoice.com/carBuying101/what-is-a-crossover |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110717054551/http://www.intellichoice.com/carBuying101/what-is-a-crossover |archivedate=17 July 2011 |accessdate=27 July 2015}} 4. ^1 {{cite web|title=Crossover Market Is Thinly Sliced |first=Joseph B.|last=White |work=The Wall Street Journal Blogs |date=14 January 2008 |url= https://blogs.wsj.com/autoshow/2008/01/14/crossover-market-is-thinly-sliced/ |accessdate=27 July 2015 |url-access=subscription}} 5. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.caranddriver.com/comparisons/2013-bmw-x3-xdrive28i-vs-2013-audi-q5-20t-2013-land-rover-range-rover-evoque-comparison-test |date=February 2013 |title=2013 BMW X3 xDrive28i vs. 2013 Audi Q5 2.0T, 2013 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque |first=Daniel |last=Fund |journal=Car and Driver |accessdate=27 July 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=AutoMotion Blog Top 10 Crossover SUVs In The 2013 Vehicle Dependability Study|url= http://autos.jdpower.com/content/blog-post/JyWb4Fp/top-10-crossover-suvs-in-the-2013-vehicle-dependability-study.htm |work=JD Power |date=21 March 2013 |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130819081305/http://autos.jdpower.com/content/blog-post/JyWb4Fp/top-10-crossover-suvs-in-the-2013-vehicle-dependability-study.htm |archivedate=19 August 2013 |deadurl=yes}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=George |first=Patrick E. |title=Have automakers tried crossover vehicles in the past? 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Kelly |title=American Cars, 1973-1980: Every Model, Year by Year |date=2012 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=9780786443529 |page=775 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=PV1uzCfmJDgC&pg=PA775&lpg=PA775 |accessdate=6 December 2018}} 21. ^{{cite journal |last1=Mathioudakis |first1=Byron |title=Forester for the trees |journal=Wheels Magazine |issue=November 2018 |page=87}} 22. ^{{cite web |title=Suzuki Vitara: Everything You Need To Know About All-Grip |url=https://www.pakwheels.com/blog/suzuki-vitara-all-you-need-to-know-about-all-grip/ |website=www.pakwheels.com |accessdate=8 December 2018 |date=13 January 2017}} 23. ^{{cite journal |url= https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/07/how-the-crossover-conquered-americas-automobile-market/374061/ |title=Why Crossovers conquered the American Highway |first=Alexis C. |last=Madrigal |journal=The Atlantic |location=US |date=10 July 2014 |access-date=6 July 2017}} 24. ^{{cite web |last1=Schmitt |first1=Bertel |title=European Class Struggle: SUV-Crossovers De-class Golf-Class, Emissions Edge Up |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/bertelschmitt/2017/03/03/european-class-struggle-suv-crossovers-de-class-golf-class-emissions-edge-up/#67b2bf791543 |website=Forbes |date=3 March 2017 |accessdate=11 December 2018}} 25. ^{{cite web |last1=Demandt |first1=Bart |title=European sales 2017 compact & midsized crossover segments |url=http://carsalesbase.com/european-sales-2017-compact-midsized-crossover-segments/ |website=carsalesbase.com |date=16 February 2018 |accessdate=11 December 2018}} 26. ^{{cite news |title=Crossover vehicles pass up SUVs on road to growing sales |newspaper=USA Today |date=3 May 2006 |first= Sharon Silke |last=Carty |url= http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/autos/2006-05-03-crossover-usat_x.htm |accessdate=27 July 2015}} 27. ^{{cite web|url= http://www.caranddriver.com/comparisons/2013-bmw-x3-xdrive28i-vs-2013-audi-q5-20t-2013-land-rover-range-rover-evoque-comparison-test |title=2013 BMW X3 xDrive28i vs. 2013 Audi Q5 2.0T, 2013 Land Rover Range Rover Evoque |date=February 2013 |first=Daniel |last=Pund |work=Car and Driver |accessdate=27 July 2015}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2011/autos/1112/gallery.most-disliked-cars.fortune/7.html |title=The most disliked cars of 2011 |first=Alex |last=Taylor III |date=19 December 2011 |work=CNN |accessdate=27 July 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426163936/http://money.cnn.com/galleries/2011/autos/1112/gallery.most-disliked-cars.fortune/7.html |archivedate=26 April 2012 }} 2 : Crossover sport utility vehicles|Automotive design |
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