| 词条 | Lake Callabonna |
| 释义 |
| name = Lake Callabonna | image = NASA-Lake-Callabonna.jpg | image_size = 280 | caption = Lake Callabonna from space | pushpin_map = Australia South Australia | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_label_position = top | pushpin_map_caption = Location in South Australia | image_bathymetry = | caption_bathymetry = | location = Far North, South Australia | coords = {{coord|29|43|S|140|05|E|region:AU-SA_type:waterbody|display=inline,title}} | type = Salt lake | inflow = | outflow = | catchment = | basin_countries = Australia | designation = Strzelecki Regional Reserve (only partially) Lake Callabonna Fossil Reserve | length = | width = | area = {{convert|160|km2|abbr=on}}[1] | depth = | max-depth = | volume = | residence_time = | shore = | elevation = | islands = | cities = }}Lake Callabonna is a dry salt lake with little to no vegetation located in the Far North region of South Australia. The {{convert|160|km2|adj=on}}[1] lake is situated approximately {{convert|120|km}} southwest of Cameron Corner, the junction of South Australia, Queensland and New South Wales. It is also known as Lake Mulligan.[2] The lake is an important site for late Pleistocene fossils. It is within the extent of the Strzelecki Desert Lakes Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance for waterbirds when holding water in the aftermath of floods.[3][4] History{{unreferenced section|date=February 2015}}The first pastoralists in the area were the Ragless brothers in 1881, who moved there from the northern Flinders Ranges, opening a sheep-run. In January 1892 Fred Ragless came across a number of giant skeletons embedded in the dry surface of the lake. An expedition partly funded by Sir Thomas Elder and E. C. Stirling, director of the South Australian Museum, was organised. After several visits, Stirling and A. H. C. Zietz collected a large number of diprotodon and dromornithidae skeletons. The area was designated a Fossil Reserve in 1901, and access is restricted. Protected area statusStrzelecki Regional ReserveThe northern end of Lake Callabonna is within the boundary of the Strzelecki Regional Reserve.[5] Lake Callabonna Fossil ReserveLake Callabonna is the location of a site where the “articulated skeletons of Diprotodon,” an extinct genus of marsupial, were found in the late 19th century by the South Australian Museum. The site is considered to have “a very high palaeontological significance.” A fossil reserve was dedicated in 1901 under state law which currently in force as of 2002 as the Crown Lands Act 1929 with administrative responsibility lying with the South Australian Museum. In 2002, it pointed out that the lake received “negligible management effort as a Fossil Reserve under the Crown Lands Act 1929” and that proclamation under the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972 may provide a higher level of protection against “degradation arising from uncontrolled access.”[6] It was listed on the South Australian Heritage Register on 13 February 1997.[7] See also{{stack|{{portal|South Australia}}}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.bonzle.com/c/a?a=p&p=61103&cmd=sp |title=Map of Lake Callabonna, SA |work=Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia |date= |accessdate=17 August 2015 }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lake Callabonna}}{{SouthAustralia-geo-stub}}{{Australia-geology-stub}}2. ^{{citation |title=Gazetteer of Australia |chapter=Lake Callabonna, feature SA0011652 |url=http://www.ga.gov.au/place-names/index.xhtml}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Lake Callabonna Reserve, Mount Hopeless via Lyndhurst, SA, Australia|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/ahdb/search.pl?mode=place_detail;place_id=5908|publisher=Australian Government, Department of Environment|accessdate=4 February 2015}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |title=IBA: Strzelecki Desert Lakes |accessdate=2011-10-25 |work=Birdata |first= |last= |publisher=Birds Australia |date= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706102341/http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm |archivedate=2011-07-06 |df= }} 5. ^{{cite web|title= “Figure 2 Lake Frome & Strzelecki Regional Reserves, Land Systems” from A Review of Lake Frome and Strzelecki Regional Reserves – 1991 – 2001|url= http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/sharedassets/public/corporate/about_us/strzelecki_figure2.pdf |publisher=Department for Environment and Heritage |date=2002|accessdate=13 September 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=A Review of Lake Frome and Strzelecki Regional Reserves – 1991 – 2001|url=http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/files/sharedassets/public/corporate/about_us/strzelecki_reserve.pdf|publisher=Department for Environment and Heritage|date=2002|accessdate=13 September 2015|page=7}} 7. ^{{cite web | url=http://apps.planning.sa.gov.au/HeritageSearch/HeritageItem.aspx?p_heritageno=71 | title=Late Pleistocene Vertebrate Fossils Site (Lake Callabonna Fossil Reserve) (designated place of palaeontological significance) | publisher=Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources | work=South Australian Heritage Register | accessdate=12 February 2016}} 6 : Saline lakes of South Australia|Pleistocene paleontological sites of Australia|Salt flats of Australia|Far North (South Australia)|Fossil parks in Australia|South Australian Heritage Register |
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