| 词条 | Crumb (film) |
| 释义 |
| name = Crumb | image = Crumb Movie Poster.jpg | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = Terry Zwigoff | producer = Terry Zwigoff Lynn O'Donnell | starring = {{Plainlist|
| music = David Boeddinghaus | cinematography = Maryse Alberti | editing = Victor Livingston | distributor = Sony Pictures Classics | released = {{Film date|1995|04|28}} | runtime = 120 minutes | country = United States | language = English | gross = $3,174,695[1] }}Crumb is a 1994 documentary film about the noted underground cartoonist Robert Crumb (R. Crumb) and his family. Directed by Terry Zwigoff and produced by Lynn O'Donnell, it won widespread acclaim. It was released in the USA on April 28, 1995, having been screened at film festivals the previous year. Jeffery M. Anderson (later critic for the San Francisco Examiner) placed the film on his list of the ten greatest films of all time, labeling it "the greatest documentary ever made."[2] SynopsisCrumb is about the experiences and characters of Robert Crumb and his family, particularly his brothers, Maxon and Charles, as well as Robert's wife Aline Kominsky-Crumb and his children. (Crumb's sisters declined to be interviewed.) The movie chronicles Crumb's career, highlighting his creations "Keep On Truckin'" and Fritz the Cat, and his pioneering role in the genesis of underground comix. Interviews with his family members and ex-girlfriends (such as Kathy Goodell), and commentary from critics like Robert Hughes and Trina Robbins, as well as selections from Crumb's vast artist output, shed light on Crumb's psychology and darkly cynical perspective on life. Portraits emerge as well of older brother Charles, who committed suicide before the film was released,[3] and youngest brother Maxon, a panhandler who painted to assuage his inner demons. Though filmmaker Zwigoff had the consent of the Crumb brothers, some questioned the ability of the more disturbed brothers to provide that consent.[4] The involvement of Charles and Maxon, which Zwigoff felt was just as important to Robert's story as anything else, led Zwigoff to title the film Crumb to imply the importance of all three brothers.[5] ProductionRobert Crumb initially did not want to make the film, but eventually agreed. There was a rumor, accidentally created by Roger Ebert, that Terry Zwigoff made Crumb cooperate by threatening to shoot himself. Ebert later clarified this in the audio commentary of the film's Criterion Collection re-release. Ebert notes that “it may be true that Zwigoff’s life was saved because he did make the film.”[6] During the nine years that it took to make the documentary, Zwigoff said he was “averaging an income of about $200 a month and living with back pain so intense that I spent three years with a loaded gun on the pillow next to my bed, trying to get up the nerve to kill myself.”[6] ReceptionCrumb was met with wide acclaim from critics, earning a 95% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.[7] Gene Siskel rated Crumb as the best film of the year.[8] Roger Ebert gave the film four (of four) stars, writing that "Crumb is a film that gives new meaning to the notion of art as therapy."[9] In The Washington Post, Desson Howe's review was similarly positive.[10] The San Francisco Chronicle rated the film as "wild applause", as critic Edward Guthmann called the film "one of the most provocative, haunting documentaries of the last decade." He also noted that Robert Crumb and wife Aline had drawn a "scornful" cartoon about the film in The New Yorker.[11]Critic Jeffrey M. Anderson called it "one of the most brave and honest films I've ever seen", and listed its characteristics as those of "great documentary", giving it four (of four) stars.[12] Despite strong reviews, Crumb was not nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature (the nominating committee reportedly stopped watching the film after only twenty minutes). The Oscar snub of Crumb, and the previous year's equally acclaimed Hoop Dreams, caused a media furor which forced the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to revamp its documentary nomination process.[13] Zwigoff stated in an interview that: “The Academy Award thing had much more to do with the fact that at the time, a lot of the documentary membership was made up of distributors of documentary films. The rules have changed since then. But they would just vote for the films they distributed because it was in their financial interest to do so.” He continued: “I just assumed they were disgusted with the film."[14] In 2008, Entertainment Weekly named Crumb the 14th best film of the last 25 years.[15] In 2012 Slant Magazine ranked the film #74 on its list of the 100 Best Films of the 1990s, calling it "Arguably the greatest of all nonfiction films."[16] Morgan Spurlock named it to his list of 50 Documentaries to See Before You Die. AwardsThe film won several major critical accolades:
References1. ^{{Mojo title|crumb}} 2. ^Anderson, Jeffrey M. (May 20, 2012). "My ten great films". Jeffrey M. Anderson blog. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 3. ^{{cite web|work=Entertainment Weekly|title=A new documentary focuses on Robert Crumb -- Crumb highlights the cartoonist's dysfunctional family|author=Lovece, Frank|date=June 2, 1995|authorlink=Frank Lovece|url=http://www.ew.com/article/1995/06/02/new-documentary-focuses-robert-crumb}} 4. ^{{cite book |title=Documentary: A Very Short Introduction |first=Aufderheide |last=Patricia |publisher=Oxford University Press |edition=1 |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-19-518270-5 |page=55 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fZftxsm-rBwC&pg=PA55#v=onepage&f=false}} 5. ^{{cite journal |jstor=1213313 |title=Review on JSTOR}} 6. ^1 Ebert, Roger (November 20, 2005). Crumb review. Chicago Sun Times. 7. ^{{cite web | title=Crumb | publisher=Rotten Tomatoes |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/crumb/}} 8. ^'Screening Room - "Siskel and Ebert" Top Ten Films (1980-1998)' - 1995 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120911070255/http://www.cmgww.com/stars/siskel/screening_room/thumbs_up2.htm |date=September 11, 2012 }}. Gene Siskel, the Official Site. The Estate of Gene Siskel. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 9. ^Ebert, Roger (May 26, 1995). "Crumb". rogerebert.suntimes.com. Chicago Sun Times. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 10. ^Howe, Desson (May 26, 1995). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/crumbhowe_c01845.htm Crumb]. The Washington Post 11. ^Guthmann, Edward (May 26, 1995). "Exposing the Nerves of Crumb 's Tortured Soul - Film profiles underground artist of '60s". The San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 12. ^{{cite web|last=Anderson |first=Jeffrey M. |date=April 28, 1995 |url=http://www.combustiblecelluloid.com/crumb.shtml |title=Crumb (1995) |publisher=Combustible Celluoid |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010119081000/http://www.combustiblecelluloid.com/crumb.shtml |archivedate=January 19, 2001 |deadurl=no |accessdate=December 4, 2016 |df=mdy}} 13. ^Crumb. AllMovie.com 14. ^Murray, Noel (August 10, 2010). Interview with Terry Zwigoff. AVClub.com. 15. ^The New Classics: Movies. Entertainment Weekly. #999-1000 June 27, 2008. 16. ^"The 100 Best Films of the 1990s". Slant Magazine. November 5, 2012. 17. ^{{cite web|title=Drawing on the Edge of Madness - Terry Zwigoff's Crumb |first=Laura U. |last=Marks |date=Spring 1995 |work=FilmMag.com |publisher=Filmmaker Magazine |url=http://www.filmmag.com/spring95/crumb.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19990224164205/http://www.filmmag.com/spring95/crumb.html |archivedate=February 24, 1999 |accessdate=November 17, 2012 }}([https://web.archive.org/web/19970524034711/http://www.filmmag.com/spring95/ TOC]) 18. ^Sundance 1995 Award Winners". sundance.org. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 19. ^1 2 3 4 5 Guthmann, Edward (December 20, 1995). "Crumb Racks Up Critics' Honors / Documentary still can't get Oscar bid". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 20. ^"Previous Awards - Awards for 1995" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125214549/http://www.nbrmp.org/awards/past.cfm?year=1995 |date=November 25, 2010 }}. National Board of Review. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 21. ^"1995 Awards". New York Film Critics Circle. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 22. ^"Previous Years Winners" (1995) (rendered in Flash). Los Angeles Film Critics Association. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 23. ^"Past Award Winners". Boston Film Critics Society. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 24. ^"Film and Video Awards: International Documentary Association: Feature Documentaries IDA Awards" (1995). Media Resources Center. University of California at Berkeley. Retrieved November 17, 2012. 25. ^"Past Awards" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150323000000/http://www.nationalsocietyoffilmcritics.com/?page_id=2 |date=March 23, 2015 }}. National Society of Film Critics. Retrieved November 17, 2012. External links
| title=Sundance Grand Jury Prize: Documentary | years=1995 | before=Freedom on My Mind | after=A Midwestern}}{{end}}{{Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Documentary Film}}{{Terry Zwigoff}}{{Robert Crumb}} 14 : 1994 films|Sundance Film Festival award winners|English-language films|Documentary films about visual artists|Documentary films about comics|Films about dysfunctional families|Films about suburbia|Films directed by Terry Zwigoff|Films set in San Francisco|1990s documentary films|American documentary films|American films|Documentary films about families|Cultural depictions of cartoonists |
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