| 词条 | Lamella (cell biology) |
| 释义 |
A lamella (plural: "lamellae") in biology refers to a thin layer, membrane, or plate of tissue. [1]This is a very broad definition, and can refer to many different structures. Any thin layer of organic tissue can be called a lamella and there is a wide array of functions an individual layer can serve. For example, an intercellular lipid lamella is formed when lamellar disks fuse together to form a lamellar sheet. It is believed that these disks are formed from vesicles, giving the lamellar sheet a lipid bilayer that plays a role in water diffusion.[2] Another instance of cellular lamellae, can be seen in chloroplasts. Thylakoid membranes are actually a system of lamellar membranes working together, and are differentiated into different lamellar domains. This lamellar system allows plants to convert sunlight into energy.[3] Chloroplasts are characterized by a system of membranes embedded in a hydrophobic proteinaceous matrix, or stroma. The basic unit of the membrane system is a flattened single vesicle called the thylakoid; thylakoids stack into grana. All the thylakoids of a granum are connected with each other, and the grana are connected by intergranal lamellae.[4] It is placed between the two primary cell walls of two plant cells and made up of intracellular matrix. The lamella comprises a mixture of polygalacturons (D-galacturonic acid) and neutral carbohydrates. It is soluble in the pectinase enzyme. Lamella, in cell biology, is also used to describe the leading edge of a motile cell, of which the lamellipodia is the most forward portion.[5]The lipid bilayer core of biological membranes is also called lamellar phase.[6] Thus, each bilayer of multilamellar liposomes and wall of a unilamellar liposome is also referred to as a lamella. See also
References1. ^Merriam-webster.com. (2017). Definition of LAMELLA. [online] Available at: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lamella 2. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/1523-1747.ep12276794 |pmid=2918233 |title=Molecular models of the Intercellular Lipid Lamellae in Mammalian Stratum Corneum |journal=Journal of Investigative Dermatology |volume=92 |issue=2 |pages=251–7 |year=1989 |last1=Swartzendruber |first1=Donald C |last2=Wertz |first2=Philip W |last3=Kitko |first3=David J |last4=Madison |first4=Kathi C |last5=Downing |first5=Donald T }} 3. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1105/tpc.105.035030 |pmid=16055630 |pmc=1197436 |jstor=4130938 |title=Three-Dimensional Organization of Higher-Plant Chloroplast Thylakoid Membranes Revealed by Electron Tomography |journal=The Plant Cell Online |volume=17 |issue=9 |pages=2580–6 |year=2005 |last1=Shimoni |first1=E }} 4. ^Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oxford University Press{{pn|date=October 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web | url=http://cellix.imba.oeaw.ac.at/motility/lamellipodia | title=The Cytoskeleton and Cell Migration - Lamellipodia}} 6. ^{{Cite journal | doi=10.1038/35097046|pmid = 11586355| title=Swollen liquid-crystalline lamellar phase based on extended solid-like sheets| journal=Nature| volume=413| issue=6855| pages=504–508| year=2001| last1=Gabriel| first1=Jean-Christophe P.| last2=Camerel| first2=Franck| last3=Lemaire| first3=Bruno J.| last4=Desvaux| first4=Hervé| last5=Davidson| first5=Patrick| last6=Batail| first6=Patrick}} Further reading
2 : Cell biology|Photosynthesis |
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