| 词条 | La Portada |
| 释义 |
| name = La Portada Natural Monument | iucn_category = III | photo = MonumentoNaturalLaPortada(4).jpg | photo_caption = La Portada Natural Monument | location = Antofagasta Region, Chile | nearest_city = | coordinates = {{coord|23|30|23|S|70|25|37|W|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area = 0.3127 km2 | established = | visitation_num = | visitation_year = | governing_body = Corporación Nacional Forestal }} La Portada (Spanish: "The Gateway") is a natural arch on the coast of Chile, {{convert|18|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of Antofagasta.[1] It is one of fifteen natural monuments included among the protected areas of Chile. There is another similar but smaller structure in the spa town of Pucatrihue, Osorno Province. Description{{see also|Coastal Cliff of northern Chile|La Portada Formation|La Negra Formation}}The La Portada Natural Monument covers an area of 31.27 hectares (77.27 acres), and its geomorphological features and remaining fossils stand out in the form of an arch. The arch of La Portada is 43 m (140 ft) high, 23 m (75 ft) wide, and 70 m (230 ft) long. It has a base of black andesite stone, around which are arranged marine sedimentary rocks, a stratum of yellowing sandstone, and layers of the remaining fossils of shells dating back 35 to 2 million years ago.[1] All this was formed during a long process of marine erosion. The arch is surrounded by coastal cliffs that were also formed by marine erosion. They reach a maximum height of 52 m above sea level. On 5 October 1990, it was declared a natural monument under Supreme Decree #51 of the Ministry of Agriculture, published in the Diario Oficial. Since March 2003, this natural monument remains closed due to a landslide of an important part of its cliffs, which blocked access to its beach. For this reason, a remodeling of the access route and its surroundings is planned. FaunaThe natural monument constitutes an observation site for guano birds such as Peruvian booby (Sula variegata) and Inca terns (Larosterna inca), as well as Guanay cormorants (Phalacrocorax bougainvillii), kelp gulls (Larus dominicanus), grey gulls (Larus modestus), Belcher's gulls (Larus belcheri), and pelicans. Occasionally one can also observe mammals such as the South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis) or the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis). AccessLa Portada is located {{convert|18|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of Antofagasta, which can be accessed by Route 1 Antofagasta-Tocopilla, from which an access road diverges at kilometer 20. The monument is found near the Cerro Moreno International Airport and La Chimba National Reserve. References1. ^1 {{Cite book|title=Natural Wonders of the World|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|year=1980|isbn=0-89577-087-3|editor-last=Scheffel|editor-first=Richard L.|location=United States of America|pages=301|quote=|editor-last2=Wernet|editor-first2=Susan J.|via=}} External links{{commons|Monumento Natural La Portada|La Portada Natural Monument}}
5 : Landforms of Antofagasta Region|Natural monuments of Chile|Rock formations of Chile|Natural arches|Protected areas of Antofagasta Region |
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