| 词条 | Laura Matilda Towne |
| 释义 |
| name = Laura Matilda Towne | image = File:Laura_M._Towne.jpg | caption = Portrait of teacher Laura M. Towne, a founder of the Penn School, with students Dick, Maria and Amoretta. | birth_name = | birth_date = 1825 | birth_place = | death_date = 1901 | death_place = | occupation = Educator | spouse = }} Laura Matilda Towne (May 3, 1825 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania – February 22, 1901, in St. Helena Island, South Carolina) was an abolitionist and educator. She was best known for forming the first freedmen's schools (schools for newly freed slaves). Laura Towne was buried at the Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. Early lifeLaura Matilda Towne, the daughter of John Towne and Sarah Robinson was born on May 3, 1825 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Education & InfluencesLaura Towne originally studied medicine when the American Civil War broke out. She was raised in Philadelphia hearing sermons about the abolition of slavery by her minister, William Henry Furness at the First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia. Influenced by these teachings, Towne answered the call for volunteers when the Union captured Port Royal and other Sea Islands area of South Carolina. With the help of her Quaker friend Ellen Murray (January 31, 1834 – April 7, 1908)[1] they founded the Penn Center on St. Helena Island, the first school for newly freed slaves in the United States. The Penn Center{{main|Penn School Historic District}}The school started with nine students and operated out of the back room of a plantation house. Towne and Murray spent the next forty years of her life ministering to the freed slaves, developing their trust, providing them with medical care, teaching them to read and write, and fighting for their land rights. Towne and Murray eventually adopted several African American children and raised them as their own. She took care of the school for the rest of her life and eventually gave up practicing medicine. After her death, Penn School was transferred to Hampton Institute, at which time it began operating as the Penn Normal, Industrial, and Agricultural School. Recognized as a National Historic Landmark, the Penn Center trained generations of students, including U.S. Congressman Robert Smalls (1839-1915). During the Civil Rights era the Penn Center served as a training ground for non-violent civil disobedience by welcoming Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.. Now a National Historic Landmark, the Penn Center celebrated 150 years education, leadership and service. Sources{{Library resources box|by=yes|onlinebooks=yes|viaf= 171553305 }}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Penn School Papers, 1862-1977 and undated (bulk 1862-1949)|url=http://finding-aids.lib.unc.edu/03615/|accessdate=27 May 2018}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Towne, Laura Matilda}}{{US-edu-bio-stub}} 8 : 1825 births|1901 deaths|People from South Carolina|People from Pittsburgh|American educators|American Unitarians|Burials at Laurel Hill Cemetery (Philadelphia)|People from Saint Helena Island, South Carolina |
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