“Lava spine”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Lava spine

释义

References

{{short description|A vertically growing monolith of viscous lava that is slowly forced from a volcanic vent, such as those growing on a lava dome}}

A lava spine is a vertically growing monolith of viscous lava that is slowly forced from a volcanic vent, such as those growing on a lava dome (Bates & Jackson, 1987). It may also be considered a kind of dome called a spiny dome (Fink & Anderson, 2000). In February 1983, the dome activity of Mount St. Helens culminated in a spine that reached a height of about {{convert|100|ft|m|order=flip}} before collapsing after two weeks, but in 2005 another lava spine (called the Whaleback) lasted until it collapsed in July 2005. In November 2005, a new spine, called "the slab" grew continously until late 2006, though it continually collapsed under its own weight; the growth finally stopped in January 2008, when Mount St. Helen's eruption ended. A diatreme may also be referred to as a lava spine, such as the example of Mount Pelee in 1902.^[1]^[2]^[3]

References

1. ^{{cite book|last=Bates|first=Robert L.|title=Glossary of Geology|year=1987|edition=3rd|editor=Jackson, Julia A.}}
2. ^{{cite book|last=Sigurdsson|first=H|title=Encyclopedia of Volcanoes|year=2000|publisher=Academic Press|location=San Diego|pages=310–311|author2=B. F. Houghton }}
3. ^{{cite web|title=History- Mt. St. Helens|url=http://mountsthelens.com/history-3.html|accessdate=October 2, 2011}}

{{Commons category|Lava spines}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lava Spine}}{{Volcanology-stub}}פקק געשי#מחט געשית

1 : Volcanic landforms

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