| 词条 | Law for Protection of the Nation |
| 释义 |
The Law for protection of the nation ({{lang-bg|Закон за защита на нацията — ЗЗН}}) was a Bulgarian law, effective from 23 January 1941 to 27 November 1944, which directed measures against Jews and others. This law was passed along the example of the Nuremberg Laws in Nazi Germany. The law ordered measures for:
Citizens of Jewish origin were also banned from certain public areas, restricted economically, and marriages between Jews and Bulgarians were prohibited. Jews were forced to pay a one-time tax of 20 percent of their net worth.[1][2][3][4] The legislation also established quotas that limited the number of Jews in Bulgarian universities.[4][5] Jewish leaders protested against the law, and the Bulgarian Orthodox Church, some professional organizations, and twenty-one writers also opposed it.[4][6] This law suppressed all Freemasonry lodges and all other secret organizations. The Law for protection of the nation, was passed under direct influence from Nazi Germany, but did not lead to the deportation of the Bulgarian Jews to Nazi extermination camps, except for the Jewish people from former Greek and Yugoslavian territories occupied by Bulgaria.[7] References1. ^{{cite book|last=Marushiakova|first=Elena|author2=Vesselin Popov|contribution=Bulgarian Romanies: The Second World War|title=The Gypsies during the Second World War|publisher=Univ of Hertfordshire Press|year=2006|isbn=0-900458-85-2}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Fischel|first=Jack|title=The Holocaust|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=1998|page=69|isbn=0-313-29879-3}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Wyman|first=David S.| authorlink =David Wyman|author2=Charles H. Rosenzveig|title=The world reacts to the Holocaust|publisher=JHU Press|year=1996|page=265|isbn=0-8018-4969-1}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite book|last=Benbassa|first=Esther|authorlink1=Esther Benbassa|author2=Aron Rodrigue|title=Sephardi Jewry: a history of the Judeo-Spanish community, 14th-20th centuries|publisher=University of California Press|year=2000|page=174|isbn=0-520-21822-1}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Levin|first=Itamar|author2=Natasha Dornberg |author3=Judith Yalon-Fortus |title=His majesty's enemies: Great Britain's war against Holocaust victims and survivors|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2001|page=37|isbn=0-275-96816-2}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Levy|first=Richard S|title=Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice and Persecution|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2005|page=90|isbn=1-85109-439-3}} 7. ^{{cite web |last=Dikovski |first=Antoinette |title=България само администрираше "новите земи" |publisher=Демокрация |date=2000-07-19 |accessdate=2015-03-07|language=Bulgarian |url=http://www.eunet.bg/bgnews/show_story.html?issue=207309408&media=1523776&class=3712256&story=207312704 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718022252/http://www.eunet.bg/bgnews/show_story.html?issue=207309408&media=1523776&class=3712256&story=207312704|archivedate=17 July 2011}} 6 : Legal history of Bulgaria|Jewish Bulgarian history|Holocaust racial laws|1941 in Bulgaria|The Holocaust in Bulgaria|1941 in law |
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