| 词条 | Lawrence M. Breed |
| 释义 |
| honorific_prefix = | name = Lawrence (Larry) Moser Breed | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = | image_size = | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1940|07|17}} | birth_place = Stanford, California, United States | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | other_names = | pronounce = | residence = United States | citizenship = United States | nationality = | fields = Computer science | workplaces = {{Unbulleted list |IBM |Scientific Time Sharing Corporation}} | patrons = | education = {{Unbulleted list |B.S, Stanford University, 1961 |M.S., Stanford University, 1965}} | alma_mater = | thesis_title = | thesis_url = | thesis_year = | doctoral_advisor = | academic_advisors = | doctoral_students = | notable_students = | known_for = Scientific Time Sharing Corporation (cofounder) | influences = Kenneth E. Iverson | influenced = | awards = Grace Murray Hopper Award, 1973 | author_abbrev_bot = | author_abbrev_zoo = | spouse = | partner = | children = | signature = | signature_alt = | website = | footnotes = }} Lawrence (Larry) Moser Breed (born July 17, 1940) is a computer scientist, artist and inventor, best known for his involvement in the programming language APL. CareerAs an undergraduate at Stanford University in 1961, he created the first computer animation language and system and used it at Stanford football half-times to coordinate images produced by a 100 ft-by-100 ft array of rooters holding up colored cards.[1] As a graduate student at Stanford, he corresponded with APL's inventor, Ken Iverson, to correct the formal description of the IBM System/360 which used Iverson's notation.[2][3] After receiving his M.S. from Stanford in 1965, under academic supervisor Niklaus Wirth,[4] he joined Iverson's group at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, where he created the first implementation of APL, with Philip S. Abrams, on a mainframe computer, an IBM 7090, in 1965.[5][6][7] He later created APL implementations for an experimental IBM Little Computer, and the IBM 360 in 1966, and for the IBM 1130.[8][9][10] Breed was the 1973 recipient (with Dick Lathwell and Roger Moore) of the Grace Murray Hopper Award from the Association for Computing Machinery "for their work in the design and implementation of APL\\360, setting new standards in simplicity, efficiency, reliability and response time for interactive systems."[11] With Dan Dyer and others he co-founded Scientific Time Sharing Corporation in 1969, where he led the development of the APL PLUS time-sharing system. While there, in 1972, he and Francis Bates III wrote one of the world's first worldwide email systems, named Mailbox.[12] Breed rejoined IBM in 1977. He helped develop the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) APL standard, then joined IBM efforts to port Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Unix onto IBM platforms. He worked on compilers for the programming language C, floating-point arithmetic standardization, and radix conversion, until retiring in 1992. RetirementBreed became a significant contributor to the Burning Man festival, under the playa name of Ember. He conceived and built the first trash fence to capture windborne debris;[13][14] created the spiraling, flaming sculpture "Chaotick";[15][16] built artistic bicycle light effects;[17] edited and proofread the Black Rock Gazette newspaper, a role in which he continues as a co-founder and director of its successor the Black Rock Beacon,[18] and other Burning Man materials;[19] as an Earth Guardian, promoted the "Leave No Trace" ethos, particularly in post-event cleanup.[20] In 1973 and 1974 he took first place, with co-solver Donna Breed, in the Dictionary Rally.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}} Gray-B-Gone and EvapotronsAssociated with his Burning Man activities, Breed devised the Gray-B-Gon, an evaporator for graywater disposal, and through Bay Area workshops directed construction, by Burning Man campers, of over 100 units, as of 2012.[21][22] Publications
References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://web.cs.wpi.edu/~matt/courses/cs563/talks/history.html |title=A (Spotty) History and Who's Who of Computer Graphics, by Matthew Ward |publisher=Web.cs.wpi.edu |access-date=November 29, 2011}} {{APL programming language}}{{Hopper winners}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Breed, Lawrence M}}2. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.vintage.org/2006/main/bio.php?id=1588 |title=Larry Breed biography from Vintage Computing |publisher=Vintage.org |access-date=November 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928122529/https://www.vintage.org/2006/main/bio.php?id=1588 |archive-date=September 28, 2011 |df=mdy-all}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/events/index.php?spkid=1&ssid=1099685637 |title=Larry Breed biography from the Computer History Museum |publisher=Computerhistory.org |access-date=November 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725192108/https://www.computerhistory.org/events/index.php?spkid=1&ssid=1099685637 |archive-date=July 25, 2011 |df=mdy-all}} 4. ^[https://infolab.stanford.edu/TR/CS-TR-66-47.html], An interpreter for Iverson notation 5. ^[https://keiapl.info/rhui/passage.htm#globeandmail1 Obituary for Kenneth Iverson, Mathematician, 1920–2004], Monday, October 25, 2004, in the Toronto Globe and Mail 6. ^[https://www.jsoftware.com/papers/eem/socio1.htm The Socio-Technical Beginnings of APL], by Eugene McDonnell 7. ^{{cite journal |last1=Falkoff |first1=Adin D. |author-link1=Adin Falkoff |last2=Iverson |first2=Kenneth E. |author-link2=Kenneth E. Iverson |date=1973 |title=Design of APL |url=https://www.research.ibm.com/journal/rd/174/ibmrd1704F.pdf |journal=IBM Journal of Research and Development |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages= |doi= |access-date=2018-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041230112628/https://www.research.ibm.com/journal/rd/174/ibmrd1704F.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-19 |dead-url= }} 8. ^[https://www.vector.org.uk/archive/v223/APL_1130.htm How We Got To APL\\1130] by Larry Breed 9. ^{{cite web |url=https://hopl.murdoch.edu.au/showlanguage2.prx?exp=8234 |title=Phil Abrams' machine implementation of APL |publisher=Hopl.murdoch.edu.au |access-date=November 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706114818/https://hopl.murdoch.edu.au/showlanguage2.prx?exp=8234 |archive-date=July 6, 2011 |df=mdy-all}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=https://cosy.com/language/APLBlos/APLBLOSS.TXT |title=APL Blossom Time (song lyrics about the creation of APL) |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 11. ^{{cite web |title=Awards – 1973 – Lawrence Breed |publisher=Association for Computing Machinery |url=https://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=0694605&srt=all&aw=145&ao=GMHOPPER&yr=1973|dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402212031/https://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=0694605&srt=all&aw=145&ao=GMHOPPER&yr=1973 |archive-date=April 2, 2012 |df=mdy-all}} 12. ^[https://www.jsoftware.com/papers/APLQA.htm APL Quotations and Anecdotes], including Leslie Goldsmith's story of the Mailbox 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://azburners.org/bmhistory.htm |title=Burning Man History |publisher=Azburners.org |access-date=November 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216124500/https://azburners.org/bmhistory.htm |archive-date=December 16, 2011 |df=mdy-all}} 14. ^{{cite web |author=DangerRanger M 2+ Add Contact |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/10111/477049843/ |title=Danger Ranger's commentary on the first Trash Fence at Burning Man |publisher=Flickr.com |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 15. ^{{cite web |last1=McCullagh |first1=Declan |last2=Terdiman |first2=Daniel |url=https://news.cnet.com/2300-10797_3-10001510-5.html |title=CNet photo of Chaotick sculpture, by Declan McCullagh |publisher=News.cnet.com |date=September 8, 2009 |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.leonardo.info/gallery/burningman_fire/breed.html |title="The Chaotick by Larry Breed", in the Leonardo Gallery |publisher=Leonardo.info |date=April 17, 2007 |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.lightnwire.com/case_breed.html |title=Lightwire Bike Wheel Luminations, by Larry Breed |publisher=Lightnwire.com |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.blackrockbeacon.org/archive/2005_08_30_Histrionics_BRB.pdf |title=First issue of Black Rock Beacon, see staff box |format=PDF |access-date=November 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425065637/https://www.blackrockbeacon.org/archive/2005_08_30_Histrionics_BRB.pdf |archive-date=April 25, 2012 |df=mdy-all}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://burningman.com/whatisburningman/2000/00n_letter_sum_0.html |title=Burning Man's Summer 2000 Newsletter, proofread by Larry Breed |publisher=Burningman.com |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://earthguardians.burningman.com/egbio.html#ember |title=Earth Guardians bio of Ember |publisher=Earthguardians.burningman.com |date=April 6, 1999 |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 21. ^{{cite web |author=Ember |url=https://ae-zone.org/2009/09/embers-2006-evapotron-report/ |title=Ember's 2006 Evapotron Report, from the Alternative Energy Zone |publisher=Ae-zone.org |date=September 14, 2009 |access-date=November 29, 2011 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314134903/https://ae-zone.org/2009/09/embers-2006-evapotron-report/ |archive-date=March 14, 2012 |df=mdy-all}} 22. ^{{cite web |last=Breed |first=Larry |url=https://www.instructables.com/id/Gray-B-Gon-wind-powered-evapotron-for-graywater-di/ |title=Gray-B-Gon wind powered evapotron for graywater disposal, at The Instructables |publisher=Instructables.com |date=March 22, 2009 |access-date=November 29, 2011}} 6 : IBM employees|Grace Murray Hopper Award laureates|Living people|Stanford University alumni|APL implementers|1940 births |
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