“Leabharcham”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Leabharcham

释义

Notes
References
External links

{{Refimprove|date=March 2008}}Leabharcham was a wise old woman of Emain Macha in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. She was charged by the Ulster king Conchobar mac Nessa with nursing Deirdre in seclusion until the girl was old enough to be his bride, after it was prophesied at Deirdre's birth: "The infant shall be fairest among the women of Ireland and shall wed a king but because of her shall death and ruin come upon the province of Ulster."^[1]

When the time came for Deirdre to wed the king, Leabharcham, having raised and educated the beautiful maiden, dutifully returned her surrogate daughter to Conchobar's court at Emain Macha (now Navan Fort, county Armagh). There the old poet unwittingly helped fulfill the druid Cathbad's prophecy by providing Deirdre with information about Naoise, being asked by the prospective queen to identify a handsome young warrior, "his hair like the raven's wing, his cheek the hue of blood and skin as white as snow".^[2] With Naoise, a hunter and singer at Conchobar's court, and his two brothers, Deirdre escaped to Alba (Scotland). Years later, when the young lovers were tricked into returning to Ulster, the king sent for Leabharcham to discover whether or not Deirdre was still the fairest woman in Ireland. Leabharcham, in an effort to protect Deirdre, and discourage the bitter old king from taking vengeance against Naoise, reported back to Conchobar that she had lost all of her beauty. Only after the king sent a second spy did battle break out, ending tragically with the death of Naoise and his brothers and the king's seizure of Deirdre, who died of a broken heart soon afterward.

Also spelled Lebharcham, and sometimes anglicized as Levarcham or Lavarcham, her name is derived from Irish leabhar "book" and cham "crooked". The name is sometimes interpreted to mean "dishonest book" (perhaps due to the lie Leabharcham told the king about Deirdre's beauty having faded), though the second element can be found in descriptive bynames in reference to posture.^[3]

She appears as "Lavarcham" in Synge's 1910 play Deirdre of the Sorrows. Her character delivers the last line of the play: "Deirdre is dead, and Naisi is dead; and if the oaks and stars could die for sorrow, it's a dark sky and a hard and naked earth we'd have this night in Emain."^[4]

Notes

1. ^Ellis 1987, p. 115.
2. ^Ellis 1987, p. 80.
3. ^"Descriptive bynames found in women's names in the Irish annals" (MedievalScotland.org article by Kathleen M. O'Brien)
4. ^Consolatio Lavarcham's last words

References

{{Citation |last=Ellis |first=Peter Berresford |author-link=Peter Berresford Ellis |title=A Dictionary of Irish Mythology |publisher=Oxford University Press |place=Oxford |date=1987 |isbn=978-0-19-282871-2}}

External links

Deirdre of the Sorrows Play by J. M. Synge

2 : Fictional nannies|Ulster Cycle

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