| 词条 | Leader, Saskatchewan |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Town of Leader |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Town |motto = |image_skyline = Leader Welcome.jpg |imagesize = 270px |image_caption = Leader welcome sign |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |pushpin_map = Saskatchewan#Canada |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Leader in Saskatchewan |pushpin_relief = yes |coordinates = {{coord|50.89|-109.54|region:CA-SK|display=inline,title}} |pushpin_label_position = Leader |pushpin_mapsize = 200 |mapsize = |map_caption = Location of Leader, Saskatchewan |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Canada |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Saskatchewan |subdivision_type2 = Region |subdivision_name2 = Saskatchewan |subdivision_type3 = Census division |subdivision_name3 = No. 8 |subdivision_type4 = Rural Municipality |subdivision_name4 = No. 231 |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Craig Tondevold |leader_title1 = Town Administrator |leader_name1 = Rochelle Francis |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Settled |established_date = 1907 |established_title2 = Incorporated (village) |established_date2 = 1913 (as Prussia) |established_title3 = Incorporated (town) |established_date3 = 1917 (as Leader) |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 1.70 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2016 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 863 |population_density_km2 = 519.2 |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = CST |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = S0N 1H0 |area_code = 306 |blank_name = Waterways |blank_info = South Saskatchewan River |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = {{URL|http://www.leader.ca/}} |footnotes = }} Leader is a town in southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada, located approximately {{convert|350|km|mi}} directly east of Calgary, Alberta and is near the border between Saskatchewan and Alberta. It has a population of 863 as of 2016.[2]HistoryBefore settlement, the Leader area was a hunting ground of prehistoric humans. A Midland Folsom point was discovered that the University of Saskatchewan dated back 8,000 to 9,000 years before present.[3] Leader lies in the traditional territory of the Nekaneet First Nation, who were signatories to Treaty 4.[4] Homesteaders began arriving in large numbers in 1907; most were German immigrants from southern Russia.[5] An RCMP detachment opened in 1909, and ensured all the settlers had adequate supplies to last the winter. By 1911, the Canadian Pacific Railway purchased a quarter section of land as the prospective site for a settlement.[3] The railway arrived in 1913 and the village of Prussia was incorporated in September of that year.[6] By 1917, anti-German sentiment surrounding the events of World War I prompted the community to change its name, as well as replacing its German street names with numbers. The new name was chosen after a contest won by two local girls, Bertha Keller and Muriel Legault. They were inspired by the arrival of the Regina Morning Leader newspaper on the passenger train. The village name was officially changed to Leader on September 27, 1917;[3] soon after, it incorporated as a town on November 1.[6] W.T. Smith, a local rancher, had the distinction of building North America's largest barn. The Smith Barn was completed in 1914, having taken 100 men five months to complete its construction; the building measured 400 x 128 x 60 feet. Smith died in 1918, and his massive barn was dismantled down to the concrete foundation in 1921. The concrete foundation remains there to this day.[7] Following World War II the town's population grew, reaching a peak of 1236 in 1966.[6] Since then the town's population has decreased, following Saskatchewan's overall trend of rural flight.[8] In 1995, American aviator Steve Fossett landed near Leader after taking off from South Korea, becoming the first person to make a solo flight across the Pacific Ocean in a balloon.[9] In November 2006, the inhabitants of Leader posed nude for a calendar in act of protest against the deteriorating condition of Highway 32, the main link to the city of Swift Current;[10] it attracted the attention of media outlets in Canada and the United States. In the 2008-2009 provincial budget, the Ministry of Highways committed to rebuild Highway 32 between the villages of Shackleton and Prelate.[11] The project was completed in November 2010 at a cost of $44.4 million.[12] High winds and dry conditions sparked a wildfire on October 17, 2017 that forced the town's population to evacuate to the town of Kindersley. The fire was contained and residents returned the next day. No one was injured and no structures were damaged.[13] Geography and climateLeader is located in Saskatchewan's mixed grassland ecoregion.[14] The southern landscape is dominated by flat plains, with rolling hills by the South Saskatchewan River located 10 km north of Leader. The Great Sand Hills, a 1900 square kilometre region of arid plains and sand dunes, lies just southeast of Leader. The town is located at the junction of highways 21 and 32, and is approximately 30 km east of the border with Alberta. Like much of southwestern Saskatchewan, Leader experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSk). Winters are long, cold and dry, while summers are short but very warm. Average precipitation is {{convert|10|in|mm}} of rain per year and {{convert|31|in|mm}} of snow per annum. Mean temperatures in the area range from a January low of -19 °C to a summer high in July of +26 °C.[3] The highest temperature ever recorded in Leader was {{convert|41.1|C|0}}, which occurred on seven occasions; 16 June 1933, 26 July 1933, 17 July 1936, 29 June 1937, 4 July 1937, 23 June 1941, and 5 August 1961. The coldest temperature ever recorded was {{convert|-47.8|C|0}} on 16 February 1936. {{Weather box|location = Leader, 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1924–present |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan record high C = 15.0 |Feb record high C = 17.0 |Mar record high C = 26.9 |Apr record high C = 34.4 |May record high C = 38.3 |Jun record high C = 41.1 |Jul record high C = 41.1 |Aug record high C = 41.1 |Sep record high C = 37.2 |Oct record high C = 33.9 |Nov record high C = 22.8 |Dec record high C = 19.4 |year record high C = 41.1 |Jan high C = -6.5 |Feb high C = -3.3 |Mar high C = 4.1 |Apr high C = 13.2 |May high C = 19.3 |Jun high C = 23.9 |Jul high C = 26.3 |Aug high C = 26.3 |Sep high C = 19.3 |Oct high C = 12.3 |Nov high C = 0.4 |Dec high C = -5.9 |year high C = 10.8 |Jan mean C = -11.8 |Feb mean C = −8.7 |Mar mean C = -1.6 |Apr mean C = 6.0 |May mean C = 12.1 |Jun mean C = 16.7 |Jul mean C = 18.8 |Aug mean C = 18.5 |Sep mean C = 12.1 |Oct mean C = 5.5 |Nov mean C = -4.8 |Dec mean C = -11.1 |year mean C = 4.3 |Jan low C = -17.0 |Feb low C = -14.2 |Mar low C = -7.2 |Apr low C = -1.2 |May low C = 4.8 |Jun low C = 9.5 |Jul low C = 11.3 |Aug low C = 10.7 |Sep low C = 4.8 |Oct low C = -1.2 |Nov low C = -10.0 |Dec low C = -16.2 |year low C = -2.2 |Jan record low C = -46.7 |Feb record low C = -47.8 |Mar record low C = -38.9 |Apr record low C = -31.7 |May record low C = -12.5 |Jun record low C = -3.9 |Jul record low C = -1.7 |Aug record low C = -2.2 |Sep record low C = -11.7 |Oct record low C = -30.0 |Nov record low C = -37.5 |Dec record low C = -46.0 |year record low C = -47.8 |precipitation colour = green |rain colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 10.7 |Feb precipitation mm = 9.6 |Mar precipitation mm = 20.4 |Apr precipitation mm = 22.8 |May precipitation mm = 52.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 58.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 55.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 43.6 |Sep precipitation mm = 32.5 |Oct precipitation mm = 18.8 |Nov precipitation mm = 18.3 |Dec precipitation mm = 16.4 |year precipitation mm = 358.3 |Jan rain mm = 0.0 |Feb rain mm = 0.3 |Mar rain mm = 4.8 |Apr rain mm = 17.2 |May rain mm = 50.3 |Jun rain mm = 58.0 |Jul rain mm = 55.1 |Aug rain mm = 43.6 |Sep rain mm = 30.3 |Oct rain mm = 11.3 |Nov rain mm = 2.1 |Dec rain mm = 0.8 |year rain mm = 273.8 |Jan snow cm = 10.6 |Feb snow cm = 9.3 |Mar snow cm = 15.6 |Apr snow cm = 5.6 |May snow cm = 1.8 |Jun snow cm = 0.0 |Jul snow cm = 0.0 |Aug snow cm = 0.0 |Sep snow cm = 2.2 |Oct snow cm = 7.6 |Nov snow cm = 16.2 |Dec snow cm = 15.6 |year snow cm = 84.5 |source 1 = Environment Canada,[15] Extremes 1924–1969,[16] Extremes 1996–present[17] |date=August 2010 }} Demographics{{canada_census|2001_population=914 |2001_pop_delta=-6.8 |2001_land_area=1.70 |2001_pop_density=538.6 |2001_pop_rank= |2001_median_age=43.6 |2001_median_age_m=42.7 |2001_median_age_f=44.4 |2001_total_pvt_dwell=430 |2001_mean_hh_income=38,817 |2001_access_date=2011-08-01 |2006_population=881 |2006_pop_delta=-3.6 |2006_land_area=1.70 |2006_pop_density=519.2 |2006_pop_rank= |2006_median_age=46.1 |2006_median_age_m=45.7 |2006_median_age_f=46.6 |2006_total_pvt_dwell=397 |2006_total_pvt_dwell_usual=390 |2006_mean_hh_income=40,698 |2006_access_date=2009-02-24 |2011_population=821 |2011_pop_delta=-6.8 |2011_land_area=1.71 |2011_pop_density=481.2 |2011_pop_rank= |2011_median_age=49.2 |2011_median_age_m=48.2 |2011_median_age_f=50.1 |2011_total_pvt_dwell=425 |2011_mean_hh_income= |2011_access_date=2012-08-04 }} EconomyIncluding three rural municipalities, Leader, is the center of a retail trading area. The economic base of the community centers around the grain and cattle industries. The major industries in Leader and surrounding area are agricultural services and manufacturing. Leader also has tourism trade from attractions such as the Leader Bird Watching Trail, Smith Barn site, and the Great Sand Hills.[3] AttractionsLeader is the largest community in close proximity to the Great Sand Hills, a vast area of grassland and sand dunes in southern Saskatchewan. The Great Sand Hills are home to an abundance of wildlife, including sharp-tailed grouse, pronghorn, white pelican, merlin, peregrine falcon, coyote, white-tailed deer, golden eagle, badger, weasel, burrowing owl, mourning dove, porcupine, sandhill crane and fox. It is the only known Saskatchewan habitat of the rare Ord's kangaroo rat.[18] Several large sculptures of local wildlife are found at various locations around the town of Leader.[19] The Great Sand Hills Museum is in the nearby village of Sceptre. The museum features historical displays depicting pioneer life such as a boarding house, hospital, livery stable, school, church, and barn as well as vintage farm machinery.[3] The South Saskatchewan River valley, just north of Leader, is the largest tract of riparian woodlands between the Cypress Hills and the northern forests. The Leader Bird Watching Trail is suited for viewing many native bird species, including pileated woodpecker, golden eagle, lark sparrow, yellow-breasted chat, red-headed woodpecker, yellow-green swallow, great blue heron, prairie falcon, ferruginous hawk, long-billed curlew, short-eared owl, loggerhead shrike, and burrowing owl.[7] It is also home to the prairie rattlesnake and one of few known localities of rattlesnakes in Saskatchewan.[20] Checkboard Hill, 6.4 km west of Leader on Highway 741, has a wide view of the river and surrounding landscape.[21] The Smith Barn Site is a provincial heritage site, located approximately ten kilometres northwest of Leader on private property.[22] Its concrete foundation is the only part of the building that remains. A scale model of the barn is located at the Leader tourist information booth. The Estuary Hutterite Colony was established in 1958. The colony members have preserved the traditional Hutterite production methods, culture, language, and religion. Guided tours of the colony are available to visitors. Parks and recreation
SportsLocal sports teams include the Leader Expos (baseball) and the Leader Flyers (hockey). Other sports organizations include the Leader Minor Ball Club, Leader Minor Hockey Club and the Leader Skating Club. GovernmentLeader's local government consists of a town council, composed of an elected mayor and six councillors. The current mayor is Craig Tondevold.[24] In provincial politics, Leader is in the constituency of Cypress Hills. It is currently represented by Wayne Elhard of the Saskatchewan Party, first elected to the Legislature in a by-election in June 1999. He was re-elected in the 1999 provincial election, and again in 2003 and 2007. He is also the current Minister of Highways and Infrastructure.[25] Leader exists within the federal riding of Cypress Hills—Grasslands. It is currently represented by David L. Anderson of the Conservative Party of Canada, first elected in 2000 and re-elected in 2003 and 2006.[26] InfrastructureTransportationLeader is located at the junction of highways 21 and 32. The former Canadian Pacific Railway line also runs through the town; it is currently operated by the Great Sandhills Railway[27] Leader has an airport with an asphalt runway. UtilitiesElectricity is provided by SaskPower and natural gas is provided by SaskEnergy. The town maintains its own water supply system, including a pump house and filtration plant. Telephone and internet service is provided by SaskTel. Health care
Public safety
Education
See also
References1. ^ 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=4708058&Geo2=PR&Code2=47&Data=Count&SearchText=Leader&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=PR&GeoCode=4708058&TABID=1 |title=Census Profile, 2016 Census - Leader, Town [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Saskatchewan [Province] |publisher=Statistics Canada |date=2017-08-02 |accessdate=2017-09-11}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Community Profiles – Leader | work = | publisher = Southwest Regional Economic Development Authority | url = http://www.southwestreda.ca/documents/profile_leader.pdf | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/DAM/DAM-INTER-SK/STAGING/texte-text/fnl_1100100020617_eng.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-01-04 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806140057/http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/DAM/DAM-INTER-SK/STAGING/texte-text/fnl_1100100020617_eng.pdf |archivedate=2016-08-06 |df= }} 5. ^{{cite book | first = Bill | last = Barry | title = Ukrainian People Places | location= Regina, Saskatchewan | publisher= People Places Publishing Ltd | year = 2001 | isbn= 1-894022-65-3}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web | last = McLennan | first = David | authorlink = | title = Leader | work = | publisher = Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan | year = 2006 | url = http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/leader.html | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite web| url = http://www.leader.ca/places_to_go.html| title = Places to Go| publisher = Town of Leader| accessdate = 2010-11-01}} 8. ^{{cite web | last = Anderson | first = Alan | authorlink = | title = Population Trends | work = | publisher = Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan | year = 2006 | url = http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/population_trends.html | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} 9. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Aviation Adventurer Steve Fossett Missing | work = | publisher = CBS News | date = 2007-09-04 | url = http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/09/04/national/main3231260.shtml?source=RSSattr=HOME_3231260 | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} 10. ^{{cite web | last = Cowan | first = Pamela | authorlink = | title = Nude calendar exposes road neglect | work = | publisher = Regina Leader-Post | date = 2006-11-29 | url = http://www.canada.com/saskatoonstarphoenix/news/local/story.html?id=0e5c7e2d-f202-4946-8414-6b23d343d908 | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} 11. ^{{cite web | last = Aasa | first = Marshall | authorlink = | title = Highway 32's upgrades in budget | work = | publisher = Prairie Post | year = 2008 | url = http://www.prairiepost.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2386&Itemid=28 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110715111343/http://www.prairiepost.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2386&Itemid=28 | dead-url = yes | archive-date = 2011-07-15 | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-06}} 12. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.cbc.ca/canada/saskatchewan/story/2010/11/05/sk-potholes-calendar-highway-101105.html|title = Nude calendar stunt helps pave Sask. highway|publisher = CBC News|date = November 6, 2010|accessdate = 2010-11-06}} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/3809386/wildfire-emergency-advisory-burstall-leader-deerforks-evacuation-saskatchewan/ |title=Wildfire threat contained in western Saskatchewan |last=Giles |first=David |work=Global News |date=2017-10-18 |accessdate=2017-10-27}} 14. ^{{cite map | last = Secoy | first = Diane | authorlink = |author2=Canadian Plains Research Center Mapping Division | title = Ecozones and Ecoregions | work = | publisher = Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan | year = 2006 | url = http://esask.uregina.ca/management/app/assets/img/enc2/PDF/51BDF440-1560-95DA-43C27F4AB5F620471.pdf | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-05}} 15. ^{{cite web| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=3121&autofwd=1| title = Leader 2| work = Canadian Climate Normals| publisher = Environment Canada| accessdate = 21 April 2016}} 16. ^{{cite web| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=leader&searchMethod=contains&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=1934&Year=2016&Month=7&Day=9&selRowPerPage=25| title = Leader| work = Canadian Climate Data| publisher = Environment Canada| accessdate = 21 April 2016}} 17. ^{{cite web| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=leader+airport&searchMethod=contains&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&Year=2016&Month=7&Day=9&selRowPerPage=25| title = Leader Airport| work = Canadian Climate Data| publisher = Environment Canada| accessdate = 21 April 2016}} 18. ^{{cite web | last = Yanko | first = Dave | authorlink = | title = Sand, Wind and Time | work = | publisher = Virtual Saskatchewan | url = http://www.virtualsk.com/current_issue/sand_wind_time.html | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-05}} 19. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Leader Wildlife Sculptures | work = | publisher = Town of Leader | url = http://www.leader.ca/sculptures.html | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-06}} 20. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.royalsaskmuseum.ca/education/Kids_Domain/Encyclopedia/Life_Sciences/Reptiles_Amphibians_Fish/en-lsp-pr.htm|title = Prairie Rattlesnake|publisher = Royal Saskatchewan Museum|accessdate = 2009-06-29}} 21. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.leader.ca/places_to_go.html|title = Places to Go|publisher = Town of Leader|accessdate = 2011-06-03}} 22. ^{{cite web| url = http://heritageapp.cyr.gov.sk.ca/assets/pdf/122.pdf| title = Heritage Property Details – Smith Barn Site| publisher = Saskatchewan Ministry of Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport| format = PDF| accessdate = 2008-05-01}} 23. ^{{cite web| title = Things to Do| publisher = Town of Leader| url = http://www.leader.ca/things_to_do.html| accessdate = 2010-11-01}} 24. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.leader.ca/towncouncil.html| title = Leader Town Council & Staff| publisher = Town of Leader| accessdate = 2010-11-01}} 25. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Honourable Wayne Elhard | work = | publisher = Government of Saskatchewan | url = http://www.gov.sk.ca/cabinet/elhard | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-05 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080409131405/http://www.gov.sk.ca/cabinet/elhard |archivedate = 2008-04-09}} 26. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = PARLINFO – Parliamentarian File – ANDERSON, David L. | work = | publisher = Library of Parliament | url = http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Parlinfo/Files/Parliamentarian.aspx?Item=661a3062-86d1-4ba3-9e70-81c866aa2fc3&Language=E&MenuID=Lists.Members.aspx&MenuQuery=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.parl.gc.ca%2FParlinfo%2FLists%2FMembers.aspx%3FParliament%3D%26Riding%3D%26Name%3D%26Party%3D%26Province%3Da36b12cf-f879-431a-ba17-3dbd71a14970%26Gender%3D%26New%3DFalse%26Current%3DTrue%26Picture%3DFalse | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-05}} 27. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Great Sandhills Railway Ltd. to acquire Empress Shortline | work = | publisher = Great Sandhills Terminal Ltd. | date = 2008-07-16 | url = http://www.gst.ca/announcements__press_releases.html?step=3&art=3210 | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2009-03-31}} 28. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | title = Leader and Area Schools | work = | publisher = Town of Leader | url = http://www.leader.ca/schools.html | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} 29. ^{{cite web | last = Yaworski | first = Kiply Lukan | authorlink = | title = Ursulines will close St. Angela’s Academy in Prelate in June 2007 | work = | publisher = | url = http://www.saskatoonrcdiocese.com/news_articles/documents/ursuline%20academy.pdf | format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-04-04}} External links{{Commons category|Leader, Saskatchewan}}
|Center=Leader |Northwest=Mantario |North=Eatonia |Northeast=Eston |West=Estuary |East=Prelate |Southwest=Mendham |South=Liebenthal }}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|towns=yes}}{{SKDivision8}} 2 : Towns in Saskatchewan|Happyland No. 231, Saskatchewan |
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