| 词条 | Lebanese pound | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| currency_name_in_local = {{native name|ar|ليرة لبنانية|italics=no}} {{native name|fr|livre libanaise|italics=no}} | image_1 = Billet de 1000 livres libanaises.jpg | image_title_1 = Billet 1000 Lebanese pounds, written in Arabic on one side and French on the other side | image_2 = | image_title_2 = | iso_code = LBP | iso_number = | using_countries = {{flag|Lebanon}} | inflation_rate = 4.2% | inflation_source_date = [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2092.html The World Factbook], 2007 est. | pegged_with = US dollar US$ = 1507.5 LBP[1] | subunit_ratio_1 = {{Frac|100}} | subunit_name_1 = qeresh | symbol = {{rtl-lang|ar|ل.ل.}} LL (international) | used_coins = 25, 50, 100, 250, 500 pounds | used_banknotes = 1,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000 pounds | issuing_authority = Banque du Liban | issuing_authority_website = {{URL|www.bdl.gov.lb}} }} The Lebanese pound ({{lang-ar|ليرة لبنانية}} lira libnaniyya; French: livre libanaise; sign: {{rtl-lang|ar|ل.ل.}}, ISO 4217: LBP) is the currency of Lebanon. It used to be divided into 100 piastres (or qirsh) but high inflation in the Lebanese Civil War has eliminated the subdivisions. The plural form of lira, as used on the currency, is either lirat (ليرات) or the same, whilst there were four forms for qirsh: the dual qirshan (قرشان), the plural qirush (قروش) used with numbers 3–10, the accusative singular qirsha (قرشا) used with 11–99, or the genitive singular qirshi (قرش) used with multiples of 100. In both cases, the number determines which plural form is used. Before the Second World War, the Arabic spelling of the subdivision was غرش (girsh). All of Lebanon's coins and banknotes are bilingual in Arabic and French. HistoryBefore World War I, the Ottoman lira was used. In 1918, after the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the currency became the Egyptian pound. Upon gaining control of Syria and Lebanon, the French replaced the Egyptian pound with a new currency for Syria and Lebanon, the Syrian pound, which was linked to the French franc at a value of 1 pound = 20 francs. Lebanon issued its own coins from 1924 and banknotes from 1925. In 1939, the Lebanese currency was officially separated from that of Syria, though it was still linked to the French franc and remained interchangeable with Syrian money. In 1941, following France's defeat by Nazi Germany, the currency was linked instead to the British pound sterling at a rate of 8.83 Lebanese pounds = 1 pound sterling.[2] A link to the French franc was restored after the war but was abandoned in 1949. Before the Lebanese Civil War, 1 U.S. dollar was worth 3 pounds. During the civil war the value decreased rapidly until 1992, when one dollar was worth over 2500 pounds. Subsequently the value increased again, and since December 1997 the rate of the pound has been fixed at 1507.5 pounds per US$.[3] CoinsLebanon's first coins were issued in 1924 in denominations of 2 and 5 girush (note the different spelling to post WWII coins) with the French denominations given in "piastres syriennes" (Syrian piastres). Later issues did not include the word "syriennes" and were in denominations of {{Frac|2}}, 1, 2, {{Frac|2|1|2}}, 5, 10, 25 and 50 girsha. During World War II, rather crude {{Frac|2}}, 1 and {{Frac|2|1|2}} girsh coins were issued. After the war, the Arabic spelling was changed from girsh (غرش) to qirsh (قرش). Coins were issued in the period 1952 to 1986 in denominations of 1, {{Frac|2|1|2}}, 5, 10, 25 and 50 qirsh and 1 lira. No coins were issued between 1986 and 1994, when the current series of coins was introduced. Coins in current use are:[4]
BanknotesLebanon's first banknotes were issued by the Banque du Syrie et Grand-Liban (Bank of Syria and Greater Lebanon) in 1925. Denominations ran from 25 girsha through to 100 pounds. In 1939, the bank's name was changed to the Bank of Syria and Lebanon. The first 250-pound notes appeared that year. Between 1942 and 1950, the government issued "small change" paper money in denominations of 5, 10, 25 and 50 girsh or qirsh (the change in spelling occurred during these years). After 1945, the Bank of Syria and Lebanon continued to issue paper money for Lebanon but the notes were denominated specifically in "Lebanese pounds" (ليرة لبنانية, livre libanaise) to distinguish them from Syrian notes. Notes for 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 pounds were issued. The Banque du Liban (Bank of Lebanon) was established by the Code of Money and Credit on 1 April 1964.[5] On 1 August 1963 decree No. 13.513 of the “Law of References: Banque Du Liban 23 Money and Credit” granted the Bank of Lebanon the sole right to issue notes in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 250 pounds, expressed in Arabic on the front, and French (livres) on the back. Higher denominations were issued in the 1980s and 1990s as inflation drastically reduced the currency's value. Banknotes in the current use are:
All current notes feature an Arabic side with the value in Arabic script numerals of large size. The other side is in French with the serial number in both Arabic and Latin script and in bar code below the latter one. See also{{Portal|Lebanon|Money|Numismatics}}
References1. ^{{cite web|title=About Banque du Liban {{!}} History of Banque du Liban|url=http://www.bdl.gov.lb/pages/index/1/237/History.html|website=www.bdl.gov.lb|accessdate=13 June 2016}} {{refbegin}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bdl.gov.lb/paysys/lbp/banknote.htm|title=Payment Media, Banknotes and Coins - The Historical Development of the Lebanese Pound|publisher=Banque du Liban|accessdate=2008-12-31|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081226204427/http://www.bdl.gov.lb/paysys/lbp/banknote.htm|archivedate=2008-12-26|df=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bdl.gov.lb/edata/elements.asp?Table=t5282usd|title=Economic & Financial Data|publisher=Banque du Liban|accessdate=2013-02-10}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bdl.gov.lb/tabs/index/2/265/Coins-in-Circulation.html |title=Lebanese Currency Coins|publisher=Banque du Liban|accessdate=2016-09-10}} 5. ^{{cite book | last1 = Linzmayer | first1 = Owen | title = The Banknote Book | chapter = Lebanon | publisher = www.BanknoteNews.com | year = 2012 | location = San Francisco, CA | url = http://www.banknotebook.com}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.bdl.gov.lb/tabs/index/2/275/Banknotes-in-Circulation-.html|title=Banque du liban|website=www.bdl.gov.lb|access-date=2017-09-05}}
External links
3 : Currencies of Lebanon|Fixed exchange rate|Currencies introduced in 1924 |
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