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词条 Aaron Sorkin
释义

  1. Early years

     Early career as an actor and playwright  A Few Good Men 

  2. Screenwriting

     Working under contract for Castle Rock Entertainment  Script doctor for hire 

  3. Television writing

     Sports Night (1998–2000)  The West Wing (1999–2006)  Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–2007) 

  4. Other works

     Theatre  Film  Television  Prospective projects 

  5. Writing process and style

  6. Personal life

  7. Filmography

     Films  Television  Plays  Cameo acting appearances 

  8. Accolades

     Academy Awards  British Academy Film Awards  Critics' Choice Movie Awards  Golden Globe Awards  Primetime Emmy Awards  Satellite Awards  Writers Guild of America Awards 

  9. References

  10. Further reading

  11. External links

{{short description|American screenwriter, director, producer, and playwright}}{{pp-move-indef}}{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2014}}{{Infobox writer
| name = Aaron Sorkin
| image = Aaron Sorkin at PaleyFest 2013.jpg
| caption = Sorkin at the PaleyFest 2013 panel for The Newsroom
| birth_name = Aaron Benjamin Sorkin
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1961|6|9}}
| birth_place = New York City, U.S.
| occupation = Screenwriter, producer, playwright, director
| alma_mater = Syracuse University
| spouse = {{marriage|Julia Bingham
|1996|2005|end=divorced}}
| children = 1
| years_active = 1984–present
| website =
}}

Aaron Benjamin Sorkin (born June 9, 1961)[1] is an American screenwriter, director, producer, and playwright. His works include the Broadway plays A Few Good Men, The Farnsworth Invention and To Kill a Mockingbird; the television series Sports Night, The West Wing, Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, and The Newsroom; and the films A Few Good Men, The American President, Charlie Wilson's War, Moneyball, and Steve Jobs. For writing The Social Network, he won the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, among other awards. He made his feature directorial debut in 2017 with Molly's Game, which he also wrote.

Sorkin's trademark rapid-fire dialogue and extended monologues are complemented, in television, by frequent collaborator Thomas Schlamme's characteristic directing technique called the "walk and talk". These sequences consist of single tracking shots of long duration involving multiple characters engaging in conversation as they move through the set; characters enter and exit the conversation as the shot continues without any cuts.

Early years

Sorkin was born in Manhattan, New York City,[2] to a Jewish family,[2][3][4][5] and was raised in the New York suburb of Scarsdale.[6] His mother was a schoolteacher and his father a copyright lawyer who had fought in WWII and put himself through college on the G.I. Bill; both his older sister and brother went on to become lawyers.[8][7][8] His paternal grandfather was one of the founders of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU).[8][9][10] Sorkin took an early interest in acting. Before he reached his teenage years, his parents were taking him to the theatre to see shows such as Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and That Championship Season.[14]

Sorkin attended Scarsdale High School where he became involved in the drama and theatre club.[11] In eighth grade he played General Bullmoose in the musical Li'l Abner.[16] At Scarsdale High, he served as vice president of the drama club in his junior and senior years and graduated in 1979.[12][13]

In 1979, Sorkin attended Syracuse University. In his freshman year he failed a class that was a core requirement{{Snd}} a devastating setback because he wanted to be an actor, and the drama department did not allow students to take the stage until they completed all the core freshman classes. Determined to do better, he returned in his sophomore year, and graduated in 1983.[14] Recalling the influence on him at college of drama teacher Arthur Storch, Sorkin recalled, after Storch's death in March 2013, that "Arthur's reputation as a director, and as a disciple of Lee Strasberg, was a big reason why a lot of us went to S.U. ... 'You have the capacity to be so much better than you are', he started saying to me in September of my senior year. He was still saying it in May. On the last day of classes, he said it again, and I said, 'How?', and he answered, 'Dare to fail'. I've been coming through on his admonition ever since".[15]

Early career as an actor and playwright

{{quote box|width=35%|quote="I don't want to analyze myself or anything, but I think, in fact I know this to be true, that I enter the world through what I write. I grew up believing, and continue to believe, that I am a screw-up, that growing up with my family and friends, I had nothing to offer in any conversation. But when I started writing, suddenly there was something that I brought to the party that was at a high-enough level."|source=—Aaron Sorkin, on becoming a writer.[8]|style=padding:8px}}

After graduating from Syracuse University with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in Musical Theatre in 1983, Sorkin moved to New York City where he spent much of the 1980s as a struggling, sporadically-employed actor[16] who also worked odd jobs, such as delivering singing telegrams,[16] driving a limousine, touring Alabama with the children's theatre company Traveling Playhouse,[17] handing out fliers promoting a hunting-and-fishing show,[16] and bartending at Broadway's Palace Theatre.[18] One weekend, while housesitting at a friend's place he found an IBM Selectric typewriter, started typing, and "felt a phenomenal confidence and a kind of joy that [he] had never experienced before in [his] life."[17]

He continued writing and eventually put together his first play, Removing All Doubt, which he sent to his old Syracuse theatre teacher, Arthur Storch, who was impressed. In 1984, Removing All Doubt was staged for drama students at his alma mater, Syracuse University. After that, he wrote Hidden in This Picture which debuted off-off-Broadway at Steve Olsen's West Bank Cafe Downstairs Theatre Bar in New York City in 1988. The contents of his first two plays got him a theatrical agent.[19] Producer John A. McQuiggan saw the production of Hidden in This Picture and commissioned Sorkin to turn the one-act into a full-length play called Making Movies.[29]

A Few Good Men

{{Main|A Few Good Men (play)}}

Sorkin got the inspiration to write his next play, a courtroom drama called A Few Good Men, from a phone conversation with his sister Deborah, who had graduated from Boston University Law School and signed up for a three-year stint with the U.S. Navy Judge Advocate General's Corps. Deborah told Sorkin that she was going to Guantanamo Bay to defend a group of Marines who came close to killing a fellow Marine in a hazing ordered by a superior officer.[20] Sorkin took that information and wrote much of his story on cocktail napkins while bartending at the Palace Theatre.[21] He and his roommates had purchased a Macintosh 512K so when he returned home he would empty his pockets of the cocktail napkins and type them into the computer, forming a basis from which he wrote many drafts for A Few Good Men.[32]

In 1988, Sorkin sold the film rights for A Few Good Men to producer David Brown before it premiered,[33] in a deal that was reportedly "well into six figures".[22] Brown had read an article in The New York Times about Sorkin's one-act play Hidden in This Picture and found out Sorkin also had a play called A Few Good Men that was having Off Broadway readings.[33] Brown produced A Few Good Men on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre. It starred Tom Hulce and was directed by Don Scardino. After opening in late 1989, it ran for 497 performances.[23]

Sorkin continued writing Making Movies and in 1990 it debuted Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre, produced by John A. McQuiggan, and again directed by Don Scardino.[29] Meanwhile, David Brown was producing a few projects at TriStar Pictures and tried to interest them in making A Few Good Men into a film but his proposal was declined due to the lack of star actor involvement. Brown later got a call from Alan Horn at Castle Rock Entertainment who was anxious to make the film. Rob Reiner, a Castle Rock producing partner, opted to direct it.[24]

Screenwriting

Working under contract for Castle Rock Entertainment

{{Main|A Few Good Men|Malice (1993 film)|The American President}}

In the early 1990s, Sorkin worked under contract for Castle Rock Entertainment, Inc.[25] He wrote the scripts for A Few Good Men, Malice and The American President; the three films grossed about US$400 million worldwide.[2] While writing for Castle Rock he became friends with colleagues such as William Goldman and Rob Reiner and met his future wife Julia Bingham, who was one of Castle Rock's business affairs lawyers.[26]

Sorkin wrote several drafts of the script for A Few Good Men in his Manhattan apartment,[25] learning the craft from a book about screenplay format.[19] He then spent several months at the Los Angeles offices of Castle Rock, working on the script with director Rob Reiner.[25] William Goldman (who regularly worked under contract at Castle Rock) became his mentor and helped him to adapt his stageplay into a screenplay.[27] The movie was directed by Reiner, starred Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson, Demi Moore and Kevin Bacon, and was produced by Brown. A Few Good Men was released in 1992 and was a box office success.[28]

Goldman also approached Sorkin with a story premise, which Sorkin developed into the script for Malice. Goldman oversaw the project as creative consultant while Sorkin wrote the first two drafts. However, he had to leave the project to finish up the script for A Few Good Men, so screenwriter Scott Frank stepped in and wrote two drafts of the Malice screenplay. When production on A Few Good Men wrapped up, Sorkin took over and resumed working on the Malice right through the final shooting script. Harold Becker directed the film, a medical thriller released in 1993, which starred Nicole Kidman and Alec Baldwin. Malice had mixed reviews. Vincent Canby in The New York Times described the film as "deviously entertaining from its start through its finish".[29] Roger Ebert gave it 2 out of 4 stars,[30] and Peter Travers in a 2000 Rolling Stone review summarized it as having "suspense but no staying power".[31]

Sorkin's last produced screenplay for Castle Rock was The American President and once again he worked with William Goldman, who served as a creative consultant.[32] It took Sorkin a few years to write the screenplay for The American President, which started off as a massive 385-page screenplay; it was eventually whittled down to a standard shooting script of around 120 pages.[33] Rob Reiner directed. The film was critically acclaimed. Kenneth Turan in the Los Angeles Times described the film as "genial and entertaining if not notably inspired", and believed its most interesting aspects were the "pipe dreams about the American political system and where it could theoretically be headed".[34]

Script doctor for hire

Sorkin did uncredited script doctor work on several films in the 1990s. He wrote some quips for Sean Connery and Nicolas Cage in The Rock.[53] He worked on Excess Baggage, a comedy about a girl who stages her own kidnapping to get her father's attention, and rewrote some of Will Smith's scenes in Enemy of the State.[35]

Sorkin collaborated with Warren Beatty on a couple of scripts, one of which was Bulworth.[55] Beatty, known for occasionally personally financing his film projects through pre-production, also hired Sorkin to rewrite a script titled Ocean of Storms which never went into production. At one point Sorkin sued Beatty for proper compensation for his work on the Ocean of Storms script; once the matter was settled, he resumed working on the script.[36][37][38][39]

Television writing

Sports Night (1998–2000)

{{main|Sports Night}}

Sorkin came up with the idea to write about the behind-the-scenes happenings on a sports show while he was living in a room in the Four Seasons Hotel in Los Angeles writing the screenplay for The American President.[17][61] He would work late, with the TV tuned into ESPN, watching continuous replays of SportsCenter.[61][40] The show inspired him to try to write a feature film about a sports show but he was unable to structure the story for film, so instead he turned his idea into a TV comedy series.[41][42] Sports Night was produced by Disney and debuted on the Disney-owned ABC network in the fall of 1998.[43]

Sorkin fought with the ABC network during the first season over the use of a laugh track and a live studio audience. The laugh track was widely decried by critics as jarring, with Joyce Millman of Salon.com describing it as "the most unconvincing laugh track you've ever heard".[44][45] Sorkin commented that: "Once you do shoot in front of a live audience, you have no choice but to use the laugh track. Oftentimes [enhancing the laughs] is the right thing to do. Sometimes you do need a cymbal crash. Other times, it alienates me."[44] The laugh track was gradually dialed down and was gone by the end of the first season.[46] Sorkin was triumphant in the second season when ABC agreed to his demands, unburdening the crew of the difficulties of staging a scene for a live audience and leaving the cast with more time to rehearse.[43]

Although Sports Night was critically acclaimed, ABC canceled the show after two seasons due to its low ratings.[47][48] Sorkin entertained offers to continue the show on other television channels but declined all the offers as they were mainly contingent on his involvement which would have been a difficult prospect given that he was simultaneously writing The West Wing at that point.[61]

The West Wing (1999–2006)

{{main|The West Wing}}

Sorkin conceived the political drama The West Wing in 1997 when he went unprepared to a lunch with producer John Wells and in a panic pitched to Wells a series centered on the senior staff of the White House,[33] using leftover ideas from his script for The American President.[76] He told Wells about his visits to the White House while doing research for The American President, and they found themselves discussing public service and the passion of the people who serve. Wells took the concept and pitched it to the NBC network, but was told to wait because the facts behind the Lewinsky scandal were breaking and there was concern that an audience would not be able to take a series about the White House seriously.[49] When a year later some other networks started showing interest in The West Wing, NBC decided to greenlight the series despite their previous reluctance.[76] The pilot debuted in the fall of 1999 and was produced by Warner Bros. Television.[50]

{{quote box|width=35%|quote="Stockard had done an episode of the show as the First Lady ... She took me out to lunch and said she really liked doing the show and wanted to do more and started asking me questions like, 'Who do you think this character is?' And those aren't questions I can answer. [As a writer] I can only answer, what do they want?"|source=—Aaron Sorkin, on creating characters.[80]|style=padding:8px}}The West Wing was honored with nine Primetime Emmy Awards for its debut season, making the series a record holder for most Emmys won by a series in a single season at the time.[51] Following the ceremony, a dispute arose regarding the acceptance speech for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series. The West Wing episode "In Excelsis Deo" won, which was awarded to Sorkin and Rick Cleveland, while it was reported in a The New York Times article that Cleveland had been ushered off the stage by Sorkin without being given a chance to say a few words.[52] The story behind The West Wing episode is based on Cleveland's father, a Korean war veteran who spent the last years of his life on the street, as Cleveland explains in his FreshYarn.com essay titled "I Was the Dumb Looking Guy with the Wire-Rimmed Glasses".[53] A back and forth took place between Sorkin and Cleveland in a public web forum at Mighty Big TV where Sorkin explained that he gives his writers "Story By" credit on a rotating basis "by way of a gratuity" and that he had thrown out Cleveland's script and started from scratch.[54] In the end, Sorkin apologized to Cleveland.[55] Cleveland and Sorkin also won the Episodic Drama at the 53rd Writer Guild of America Awards for "In Excelsis Deo".[56]

In 2001, after wrapping up the second season of The West Wing, Sorkin had a drug relapse, only two months after receiving a Phoenix Rising Award for drug recovery; this became public knowledge when he was arrested at Hollywood Burbank Airport for possession of hallucinogenic mushrooms, marijuana, and crack cocaine. He was ordered by a judge to attend a drug diversion program.[87] His drug addiction was highly publicized, most notably when Saturday Night Live did a parody called "The West Wing",[57] though he did recover.[14]

In 2002, Sorkin criticized NBC news anchor Tom Brokaw's TV special about a day in the life of a president, "The Bush White House: Inside the Real West Wing", comparing it to the act of sending a valentine to President George W. Bush instead of real news reporting.[58] Sorkin's TV series The West Wing aired on the same network, and so at the request of NBC's Entertainment President Jeff Zucker he apologized, but would later say "there should be a difference between what NBC News does and what The West Wing TV series does."[59][60]

Sorkin wrote 87 screenplays in all, which amounts to nearly every episode during the show's first four Emmy-winning seasons.[61] Sorkin describes his role in the creative process as "not so much [that of] a showrunner or a producer. I'm really a writer."[62] He admits that this approach can have its drawbacks, saying "Out of 88 [West Wing] episodes that I did we were on time and on budget never, not once."[63] In 2003, at the end of the fourth season, Sorkin and fellow executive producer Thomas Schlamme left the show due to internal conflicts at Warner Bros. Television not involving the NBC network, thrusting producer John Wells into an expanded role as showrunner.[64][65] Sorkin never watched any episodes beyond his writing tenure apart from 60 seconds of the fifth season's first episode, describing the experience as "like watching somebody make out with my girlfriend."[66] Sorkin would later return in the series finale for a cameo appearance as a member of President Bartlet's staff.

Sorkin appeared as himself on the 30 Rock episode "Plan B", where he did a "walk and talk" with Liz Lemon played by Tina Fey.

Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip (2006–2007)

{{main|Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip}}

In 2003, Sorkin divulged to the American television interviewer Charlie Rose on The Charlie Rose Show that he was developing a TV series based on a late-night sketch comedy show like Saturday Night Live.[63][67] In early October 2005, a pilot script dubbed Studio 7 on the Sunset Strip for a new television series, written by him and with Tommy Schlamme attached as producer, started circulating around Hollywood and generating interest on the web. A week later, NBC bought from Warner Bros. Television the right to show the television series on their network for a near-record license fee in a bidding war with CBS.[68] The show's name was later changed to Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip. Sorkin described the show as having "autobiographical elements" to it and "characters that are based on actual people" but said that it departs from those beginnings to look at the backstage maneuverings at a late night sketch comedy show.[69]

On September 18, 2006, the pilot for Studio 60 aired on NBC, directed by Schlamme. The pilot was critically acclaimed and viewed by over 12 million people, but Studio 60 experienced a significant drop in audience by mid-season. The seething anticipation that preceded the début was followed up by a large amount of thoughtful and scrupulous criticism in the press, as well as largely negative analysis in the blogosphere.[70] In January 2007, Sorkin spoke out against the press for focusing too heavily on the ratings slide and for using blogs and unemployed comedy writers as sources.[71] After two months on hiatus, Studio 60 resumed to air the last episodes of season one, which would be its only season.

Other works

Theatre

{{Main|The Farnsworth Invention|To Kill a Mockingbird (2018 play)}}

In 2003, Sorkin was writing a screenplay on spec about the story of inventor and television pioneer Philo Farnsworth, a topic he had first become familiar with back in the early 1990s when producer Fred Zollo approached him with the idea of adapting a memoir by Elma Farnsworth into a biopic.[14][72] The next year he completed the screenplay under the title "The Farnsworth Invention", and it was picked up by New Line Cinema with Thomas Schlamme signed on to direct. The story is about the patent battle between inventor Philo Farnsworth and RCA tycoon David Sarnoff for the technology that allowed the first television transmissions in the United States.[73]

At the same time, Sorkin was contacted by Jocelyn Clarke, the commissions manager of the Abbey Theatre in Dublin, requesting he write a play for them, a commission which he accepted.[108] In time Sorkin decided to tackle his commission by rewriting "The Farnsworth Invention" as a play.[14][108] He delivered a first draft of the play to the Abbey Theatre in early 2005, and a production was purportedly planned for 2007 with La Jolla Playhouse in California deciding to stage a workshop production of the play in collaboration with the Abbey Theatre. But in 2006, the Abbey Theatre's new management pulled out of all involvement with The Farnsworth Invention.[74] Despite the setback, La Jolla Playhouse pushed on, with Steven Spielberg lending his talents as producer.[75] The production opened under La Jolla's signature Page To Stage program which allowed Sorkin and director Des McAnuff to develop the play from show to show according to audience reactions and feedback; the play ran at La Jolla Playhouse from February 20, 2007 through March 25, 2007.[76][77] A production followed on Broadway, beginning in previews at the Music Box Theatre and scheduled to open on November 14, 2007; however, the play was delayed by the 2007 Broadway stagehand strike.[78][79] The Farnsworth Invention eventually opened at the Music Box Theatre on December 3, 2007 following the end of the strike; it closed on March 2, 2008.[80][81]

In 2005, Sorkin revised his play A Few Good Men for a revival at the London West End theatre, the Haymarket. The play opened at the Theatre Royal Haymarket in the fall of the same year and was directed by David Esbjornson, with Rob Lowe of The West Wing in the lead role.[82]

In February 2016, it was revealed that Sorkin would be adapting Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird for the stage, where he would be working alongside Bartlett Sher.[83] His adaptation opened on December 13, 2018 to acclaimed reviews [84] at the Sam S. Schubert Theatre on Broadway.[85]

Film

{{Main|Charlie Wilson's War (film)|The Social Network|Moneyball (film)|Steve Jobs (film)|Molly's Game}}

Sorkin's return to film occurred when he was commissioned by Universal Pictures to adapt 60 Minutes producer George Crile's nonfiction book Charlie Wilson's War for Tom Hanks' production company Playtone.[86] Charlie Wilson's War is about the colorful Texas congressman Charlie Wilson who funded the CIA's secret war against the former Soviet Union in Afghanistan.[87] Sorkin completed the screenplay and the film was released in 2007 starring Tom Hanks, Julia Roberts and Philip Seymour Hoffman, directed by Mike Nichols.[88]

In August 2008, Sorkin announced that he had agreed to write a script for Sony and producer Scott Rudin about how Facebook was founded.[89] The film, The Social Network, based on Ben Mezrich's novel The Accidental Billionaires, was released on October 1, 2010. Sorkin won the Academy, BAFTA and Golden Globe Awards for The Social Network. One year later, Sorkin received nominations for the same awards for co-writing the screenplay to the film Moneyball.

In May 2012, Sony announced that Sorkin would write a movie based on Walter Isaacson's biography of Steve Jobs.[90] Sorkin was a guest at the D10 conference in May 2012 and explained his thoughts at the time on the adaptation of Isaacson's biography:

{{quote|

To be honest, one of the hesitations I had in taking on the movie is that it was a little like writing about the Beatles—that there are so many people out there who know so much about him and who revere him that I just saw a minefield of disappointment. Frankly, that I was going to do something and that people who ... hopefully, when I'm done with my research, I'll be in the same ball park of knowledge about Steve Jobs that so many people in this room are.[91]}}

Steve Jobs, written by Sorkin, directed by Danny Boyle, and starring Michael Fassbender as Jobs, was released in October 2015. On January 10, 2016, Sorkin won the Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay for his work on this film.[92]

Sorkin made his directorial debut with STX Entertainment's film Molly's Game, based on poker entrepreneur Molly Bloom's memoir. He also wrote the script for the film, which stars Jessica Chastain and Idris Elba.[93][94][95][96] Production began in November 2016, and the film was released in December 2017.[97]

Television

{{Main|The Newsroom (U.S. TV series)}}

It was announced in 2011 Sorkin would be returning to television with two HBO projects. He has teamed with The Office star John Krasinski to develop a miniseries about the Chateau Marmont Hotel based on Life at the Marmont, a book by the hotel's co-owner Raymond R. Sarlot and Fred Basten.[98] He also developed The Newsroom, a series about a fictional cable news network. The series lasted three seasons, premiering on June 24, 2012, and concluding on December 14, 2014.[99][100][101][102]

Prospective projects

In March 2007 it was reported that Sorkin had signed on to write a musical adaptation of the hit 2002 record Yoshimi Battles the Pink Robots by psychedelic-rock band The Flaming Lips, collaborating with director Des McAnuff who had been developing the project.[103][104][105]

On July 12, 2007, Variety reported that Sorkin had signed a deal with DreamWorks to write three scripts. The first script is titled The Trial of the Chicago 7, which Sorkin was already developing with Steven Spielberg and producers Walter Parkes and Laurie MacDonald.[106] In March 2010, Sorkin's agent, Ari Emanuel, was reported as saying that the project was proving "tough to get together".[107] However, in late July 2013, it was announced that Academy Award nominated director Paul Greengrass was in final talks to direct Sorkin's script and that Steven Spielberg had previously been attached.[108]

In August 2008 Des McAnuff announced that Sorkin had been commissioned by the Stratford Shakespeare Festival[109] to write an adaptation of Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard.

In 2010 Sorkin reportedly obtained the film rights to Andrew Young's book The Politician (about Senator John Edwards), and announced that he would make his debut as a film director while also adapting the book for the screen.[110]

In November 2010, it was reported that Sorkin would be writing a musical based on the life of Houdini, with music by Danny Elfman.[111] In January 2012, Stephen Schwartz was reported to be writing the music and lyrics, with Sorkin making his debut as a librettist. The musical was expected to come out in 2013–14, with Sorkin saying, "The chance to collaborate with Stephen Schwartz, (the director) Jack O'Brien, and Hugh Jackman on a new Broadway musical is a huge gift."[112] In January 2013, he dropped out of the project, citing film and TV commitments.[113]

In September 2015, it was reported that Sorkin was writing a biopic that will focus on the twenty-year marriage of Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz and their work together on I Love Lucy and The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour. Academy Award-winner Cate Blanchett is set to star as Ball, while the role of Arnaz is yet to be determined.[114] Two years later, Amazon Studios acquired the rights to the film.[115]

In March 2016, it was announced that Sorkin would be adapting A Few Good Men for a live production on NBC, originally slated to air in 2017;[116] however, {{as of|2017|11|lc=y}} "Sorkin is still mulling the project".[117]

In August 2016, Sorkin launched a series of online screenwriting lessons through MasterClass. His lessons include dialogue, character development, story pacing, plot and his process of working. Students watch 35 short videos, download a PDF workbook, and share their observations and progress through discussion boards and social media groups.[118]

Writing process and style

Sorkin has written for the theatre, film and television, and in each medium his level of collaboration with other creators has varied. He began in theatre which involved a largely solitary writing process, then moved into film where he collaborated with director Rob Reiner and screenwriter William Goldman, and eventually worked in television where he collaborated very closely with director Thomas Schlamme for nearly a decade on the shows Sports Night, The West Wing and Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip; he now moves between all three media. He has a habit of chain smoking while he spends countless hours cooped up in his office plotting out his next scripts.[6] He describes his writing process as physical because he will often stand up and speak the dialogue he is developing.[71]

{{quote box|width=35%|quote="For me, the writing experience is very much like a date. It's not unusual that I'm really funny here and really smart here and maybe showing some anger over here so she sees maybe I have this dark side. I want it to have been worth it for everyone to sit through it for however long I ask them to."|source=—Aaron Sorkin, on his writing as characterized by mentor William Goldman.[33]|style=padding:8px}}

A New York Times article by Peter De Jonge explained that "The West Wing is never plotted out for more than a few weeks ahead and has no major story lines", which De Jonge believed was because "with characters who have no flaws, it is impossible to give them significant arcs".[17] Sorkin has stated: "I seldom plan ahead, not because I don't think it's good to plan ahead, there just isn't time."[119] Sorkin has also said, "As a writer, I don't like to answer questions until the very moment that I have to." The Seattle Post-Intelligencer's TV critic John Levesque has commented that Sorkin's writing process "can make for ill-advised plot developments".[33] Further complicating the matter, in television, Sorkin will have a hand in writing every episode, rarely letting other writers earn full credit on a script.[17] Peter De Jonge has reported that ex-writers of The West Wing have claimed that "even by the spotlight-hogging standards of Hollywood, Sorkin has been exceptionally ungenerous in his sharing of writing credit".[17] In a comment to GQ magazine in 2008, Sorkin said, "I'm helped by a staff of people who have great ideas, but the scripts aren't written by committee."[120]

{{quote box|width=35%|quote="You almost never see how anyone travels from point A to point C [in most TV shows]. I wanted the audience to witness every journey these people took. It all had a purpose, even seeing them order lunch. It just seemed to be the proper visual rhythm with which to marry Aaron's words. I got lucky that it worked."|source=—Thomas Schlamme, on the "Walk and Talk" device.[61]|style=padding:8px}}

Sorkin's nearly decade-long collaboration in television with director Thomas Schlamme began in early 1998 when they found they shared common creative ground on the soon to be produced Sports Night.[62][121] Their successful partnership in television is one in which Sorkin focuses on writing the scripts while Schlamme executive produces and occasionally directs; they have worked together on Sports Night, The West Wing, and Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip. Schlamme will create the look of the shows, work with the other directors, discuss the scripts with Sorkin as soon as they are turned in, make design and casting decisions, and attend the budget meetings; Sorkin tends to stick strictly to writing.[62] In response to what he perceived as unfair criticism of The Newsroom, Jacob Drum of Digital Americana wrote, "The essential truth that the critics miss is that The Newsroom is Sorkin being Sorkin as he always has been and always will be: one part pioneer; one part self-conscious romantic; two parts actual Lewis & Clark-style pioneer, trapping his way across an old, old idea of an America that can always stand to raise its game—but most importantly, spinning a good yarn while he does so."[122]

{{quote box|width=35%|quote="[T]he trick is to follow the rules of classic storytelling. Drama is basically about one thing: Somebody wants something, and something or someone is standing in the way of him getting it. What he wants—the money, the girl, the ticket to Philadelphia—doesn't really matter. But whatever it is, the audience has to want it for him."|source=—Aaron Sorkin[123]|style=padding:8px}}

Sorkin is known for writing memorable lines and fast-paced dialogue, such as "You can't handle the truth!" from A Few Good Men and the partly Latin tirade against God in The West Wing episode "Two Cathedrals".[17] For television, one hallmark of Sorkin's writer's voice is the repartee that his characters engage in as they small talk and banter about whimsical events taking place within an episode, and interject obscure popular culture references into conversation.[124]

Although his scripts are lauded for being literate,[17][16][125] Sorkin has been criticized for often turning in scripts that are overwrought.[126] His mentor William Goldman has commented that normally in visual media speeches are avoided, but that Sorkin has a talent for dialogue and gets away with breaking this rule.[32]

Personal life

Sorkin married Julia Bingham in 1996 and divorced in 2005, with his workaholic habits and drug abuse reported to be a partial cause.[127][128] Sorkin and Bingham have one daughter, Roxy.[129] Sorkin was a dependent cocaine user for many years and, after a highly publicized arrest in 2001, he received treatment in a drug diversion program.[130]

For several years, he dated Kristin Chenoweth, who played Annabeth Schott on The West Wing (though after Sorkin had left the show).[131] He has also reportedly dated columnist Maureen Dowd[132] and actress Kristin Davis.[133]

A consistent supporter of the Democratic Party, Sorkin has made substantial political campaign contributions to candidates between 1999 and 2011, according to CampaignMoney.com.[134] During the 2004 US presidential election campaign, the liberal advocacy group MoveOn's political action committee enlisted Sorkin and Rob Reiner to create one of their anti-Bush campaign advertisements.[135] In August 2008, Sorkin was involved in a Generation Obama event at the Fine Arts Theater in Beverly Hills, California, participating in a panel discussion subsequent to a screening of Frank Capra's Mr. Smith Goes to Washington.[136] Despite this Sorkin does not consider himself a political activist: "I've met political activists, and they're for real. I've never marched anyplace or done anything that takes more effort than writing a check in terms of activism".[66]

In 1987, Sorkin started using marijuana and cocaine. He has said that in cocaine he found a drug that gave him relief from certain nervous tensions he deals with on a regular basis.[17] In 1995, he checked into rehab at the Hazelden Institute in Minnesota, on the advice of his then girlfriend and soon to be wife Julia Bingham, to try to beat his addiction to cocaine.[137] In 2001, Sorkin along with colleagues John Spencer and Martin Sheen received the Phoenix Rising Award for their personal victories over substance abuse. However, two months later on April 15, 2001, Sorkin was arrested when guards at a security checkpoint at the Burbank Airport found hallucinogenic mushrooms, marijuana, and crack cocaine in his carry-on bag when a metal crack pipe set off the gate's metal detector.[17][138] He was ordered to a drug diversion program.[139]

Sorkin continued working on The West Wing amidst his drug abuse.[127][128] In his commencement speech for Syracuse University on May 13, 2012, Sorkin declared that he had not used cocaine for eleven years.[140]

In 2016, after the election of Donald Trump, Sorkin wrote an open letter to his 15-year-old daughter Roxy and her mother Julia Sorkin.[141]

Filmography

Films

Year TitleNotes
1992 A Few Good Men
1993 Malice With Scott Frank
1995 The American President
1996 The Rock Uncredited
1998 Bulworth Uncredited
2007 Charlie Wilson's War Based on the book by George Crile
2010 The Social Network Based on the book The Accidental Billionaires by Ben Mezrich
2011 Moneyball With Steven Zaillian from a story by Stan Chervin, based on the book by Michael Lewis
2015 Steve Jobs Based on the book by Walter Isaacson
2017 Molly's Game Directorial debut; Based on the memoir by Molly Bloom

Television

Sorkin was the creator, writer and executive producer of the following shows.

Year Title
1998–2000 Sports Night
1999–2003 The West Wing
2006–2007 Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip
2012–2014 The Newsroom

Plays

Year Title Credit Venue
1984 Removing All Doubt Writer Syracuse University
1988 Hidden in This Picture[142] Writer West Bank Cafe Downstairs Theatre Bar
1989 A Few Good Men[143] Writer Music Box Theatre
1990 Making Movies[144] Writer Promenade Theatre
2007 The Farnsworth Invention[76] Writer La Jolla Playhouse
2018 To Kill a Mockingbird Writer Shubert Theatre

Cameo acting appearances

Year Title Role Notes
1992 A Few Good Men Man in bar
1995 The American President Aide in bar
1999 Sports Night Man at bar Episode: "Small Town"
2006 The West Wing Man in crowd Episode: "Tomorrow"
2009–10 Entourage Himself Two episodes
2010 The Social Network Ad Executive
2011 30 Rock Himself Episode: "Plan B"
2017 Molly's Game Man in bar

Accolades

Academy Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult
2010 The Social NetworkBest Adapted Screenplay {{won}}
2011 Moneyball {{nom}}
2017 Molly's Game {{nom}}

British Academy Film Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult
2010 The Social NetworkBest Adapted Screenplay {{won}}
2011 Moneyball {{nom}}
2015 Steve Jobs {{nom}}
2017 Molly's Game{{Nom}}

Critics' Choice Movie Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult
2007 Charlie Wilson's War Best Writer {{nom}}
2010 The Social NetworkBest Adapted Screenplay {{won}}
2011 Moneyball {{won}}
2015 Steve Jobs {{nom}}
2017 Molly's Game {{nom}}

Golden Globe Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference
1992 A Few Good MenGolden Globe Award for Best Screenplay - Motion Picture {{nom}}
1995 The American President {{nom}}
2007 Charlie Wilson's War {{nom}}
2010 The Social Network {{won}}
2011 Moneyball {{nom}}
2015 Steve Jobs {{won}}
2017 Molly's Game {{nom}} [145][146]

Primetime Emmy Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult
1999 Sports Night Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series ("The Apology") {{nom}}
2000The West Wing Outstanding Drama Series {{won}}
Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series ("In Excelsis Deo" & "Pilot") {{won}}
2001The West Wing Outstanding Drama Series {{won}}
Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series ("In the Shadow of Two Gunmen") {{nom}}
2002The West Wing Outstanding Drama Series {{won}}
Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series ("Posse Comitatus") {{nom}}
2003The West Wing Outstanding Drama Series {{won}}
Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series ("Twenty Five") {{nom}}

Satellite Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult
2010 The Social NetworkBest Screenplay - Adapted {{won}}
2011 Moneyball {{nom}}
2015 Steve Jobs {{won}}
2017 Molly's Game {{nom}}

Writers Guild of America Awards

YearNominated workCategoryResult
1995 The American President Best Original Screenplay {{nom}}
2000The West Wing Episodic Drama ("In Excelsis Deo") {{won}}
Episodic Drama ("Take This Sabbath Day") {{nom}}
2001 The West Wing Episodic Drama ("Somebody's Going to Emergency, Somebody's Going to Jail" & "Two Cathedrals") {{nom}}
2002 The West Wing Episodic Drama ("Game On") {{nom}}
2005 The West Wing Dramatic Series {{nom}}
2006Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip New Series {{nom}}
Episodic Drama ("Pilot") {{nom}}
2010 The Social NetworkBest Adapted Screenplay {{won}}
2011 Moneyball {{nom}}
2012 The Newsroom New Series {{nom}}
2015 Steve Jobs Best Adapted Screenplay {{nom}}
2017 Molly's Game Best Adapted Screenplay {{Nominated}}

References

1. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.nytimes.com/movies/person/112161/Aaron-Sorkin/biography |title= Aaron Sorkin biography |work=The New York Times (All Movie Guide and Baseline) |quote= Born: June 9, 1961 |accessdate= June 2, 2012}}
2. ^Jewish Journal: "A small glimpse into Aaron Sorkin’s Jewish story" by Danielle Berrin July 17, 2012 | "I'm Jewish but have never had any religious training. I never went to Hebrew school."
3. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/transcript/transcript.php?storyId=156841165|title=Aaron Sorkin: The Writer Behind 'The Newsroom'|date=July 16, 2012|work=NPR|accessdate=June 5, 2018|quote=Aaron Sorkin: "I'm Jewish"}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejc.com/culture/film/why-aaron-sorkin-is-cinema-s-finest-talent-1.63100|title=Why Aaron Sorkin is cinema's finest talent|accessdate=June 5, 2018|date=November 26, 2015|last=Lipman|first=Jennifer|work=The Jewish Chronicle|quote=Sorkin, who comes from a middle-class Jewish family from Scarsdale}}
5. ^[https://www.clevelandjewishnews.com/archives/the--plus-most-influential-jews-in-america/article_0f288065-7b64-5f54-94ed-bc8be16e2e3d.html Cleveland Jewish News: "The 30-plus most influential Jews in America"] December 27, 2001
6. ^1 {{cite news |title=A Troubled Genius |first=Oliver |last= Jones |date=May 28, 2001 |work=Us Weekly | url=http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/000083.html |accessdate=January 22, 2007 | archivedate=November 3, 2004| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20041103022901/http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/000083.html | deadurl = yes }}
7. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin to nest at WBTV |author=Josef Adalian|author2=Michael Schneider |date=July 26, 2000 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117784231.html |accessdate=September 26, 2008 |quote=Sorkin's association with Warner Bros. follows in the footsteps of his father Bernard, a New York–based copyright expert who started with the studio 40 years ago when it was Warner Bros.-7 Arts. }}
8. ^1 {{cite news |title=Parker/Spitzer Interview Aaron Sorkin (video: 3:05 – father: WWII vet & college on G.I. Bill) |url=http://edition.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/us/2010/10/04/parker.spitzer.aaron.sorkin.cnn.html |work = CNN |accessdate=November 13, 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101009092118/http://edition.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/us/2010/10/04/parker.spitzer.aaron.sorkin.cnn.html| archivedate= October 9, 2010 | deadurl= no}}
9. ^{{cite news |title=Awards Watch Roundtable: The Writers part 3 video series |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/gallery/awards-watch-roundtable-writers-43426#3 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |accessdate=November 13, 2010 | first = David | last=Simpson | date=November 10, 2010 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101113023014/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/gallery/awards-watch-roundtable-writers-43426| archivedate= November 13, 2010 | deadurl= no}}
10. ^{{cite web |title=Aaron Sorkin's Four Big Problems With the WGA |url=http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/11/aaron_sorkin_wga.html |work=New York |accessdate=November 13, 2010| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20101113071145/http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/11/aaron_sorkin_wga.html| archivedate= November 13, 2010 | deadurl= no}}
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://patch.com/new-york/scarsdale/aaron-sorkin-to-revisit-scarsdales-social-network |title=Aaron Sorkin to Revisit Scarsdale's 'Social Network' |website=Patch.com |date=May 23, 2011 |first=Kathleen |last=Willcox |accessdate=October 24, 2014 }}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scarsdalenews.com/Scarsdale_Inquirer_2011_Archives/SCARSDALE_NEWS_060311-2.html |title=Scarsdale turns out to hear Aaron Sorkin |newspaper=The Scarsdale Inquirer |date=June 6, 2011 |first=Debra |last=Banerjee |accessdate=October 24, 2014 }}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.scarsdalealumni.org/aaron_sorkin_shs_1979 |title=Aaron Sorkin (SHS 1979) |publisher=Scarsdale Alumni Association |accessdate=October 24, 2014 }}
14. ^{{cite book |title=The Creation of the Future: The Role of the American University |author=Frank Harold Trevor Rhodes |date=October 2001 |publisher=Cornell University Press |pages=75–76 |isbn=978-0-8014-3937-7 }}
15. ^{{cite news|last=Vitello|first=Paul|title=Arthur Storch, Stage Director, Dies at 87|url=http://theater.nytimes.com/2013/03/11/theater/arthur-storch-theater-director-is-dead-at-87.html|accessdate=March 12, 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=March 10, 2013}}
16. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal|url=http://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1920&context=sumagazine|title=In the Spotlight: Script Sensation|last=Herzog|first=Brad|journal=Syracuse University Magazine|volume=18|issue=2|pages=17–18|date=2001|accessdate=May 27, 2014}}
17. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite news |title=Aaron Sorkin Works His Way Through the Crisis |author=Peter De Jonge |date=October 28, 2001 |work=The New York Times Magazine |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/28/magazine/aaron-sorkin-works-his-way-through-the-crisis.html |accessdate=January 12, 2007}}
18. ^{{cite web|title=Encounter with Peter Krause |author=Ernio Hernandez |url=http://www.playbill.com/celebritybuzz/article/87365.html |work=Playbill |accessdate=December 25, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114040244/http://www.playbill.com/celebritybuzz/article/87365.html |archivedate=January 14, 2009 |df= }}
19. ^1 {{cite web |title=Three days, 15 seminars, one great experience |author=Valerie Weiss |date=December 2003 |website=ImagineNews.com |url=http://www.imaginenews.com/Archive/2003/DEC_2003/01_FEATURES/12_THREE_DAYS.html |accessdate=January 12, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061220170153/http://www.imaginenews.com/Archive/2003/DEC_2003/01_FEATURES/12_THREE_DAYS.html |archivedate=December 20, 2006 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy-all }}
20. ^{{cite web|last=Glaberson|first=William|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/16/nyregion/4-lawyers-claim-to-be-the-hero-in-a-few-good-men.html|title=4 lawyers claim to be the hero in a few good men|work=The New York Times|date=September 15, 2011}}
21. ^{{cite web |title=A Few Good Men London theatre tickets and information |website=ThisIsTheatre.com |url=http://www.thisistheatre.com/londonshows/afewgoodmen.html |accessdate=January 22, 2007}}
22. ^{{cite news |title=Marine Life |date=November 27, 1989 |author=William A. Henry III |work=Time |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,959129,00.html |accessdate=January 12, 2007}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=Aaron Sorkin Working on A Few Good Men for London and New Play for Dublin's Abbey |author=Ernio Hernandez |date=June 18, 2004 |work=Playbill |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/86900.html |accessdate=January 20, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930180614/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/86900.html |archivedate=September 30, 2007 |df= }}
24. ^1 2 {{cite book |title=Movie Moguls Speak: Interviews with Top Film Producers |last=Prigge |first=Steven |date=October 2004 |publisher=McFarland & Company |pages=12–13 |isbn=978-0-7864-1929-6}}
25. ^1 2 {{cite news |title= Rob Reiner's March To 'A Few Good Men' |author=Bernard Weinraub |date=December 6, 1992 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/06/movies/film-rob-reiner-s-march-to-a-few-good-men.html |accessdate=September 26, 2007}}
26. ^{{cite news |title=On a Wing and a Prayer |author=Patrick Goldstein |date=October 10, 1999 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1999/oct/10/entertainment/ca-20753 |accessdate=September 26, 2008 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20081002040237/http://articles.latimes.com/1999/oct/10/entertainment/ca-20753| archivedate= October 2, 2008 | deadurl= no}}
27. ^{{cite interview|last=Sorkin |first=Aaron |interviewer=Katie Couric |work=The Today Show |publisher=NBC |location=New York |date=May 22, 2002 |url=http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/000124.html |title=Aaron Sorkin |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060512103730/http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/000124.html |archivedate=May 12, 2006 }}
28. ^{{cite web |title=Aaron Sorkin Biography |author=Jason Buchanan |website=Allmovie |url=http://www.allmovie.com/artist/aaron-sorkin-p112161 |accessdate=October 27, 2014}}
29. ^{{cite news |title=Reviews/ Film; An Idyll Shattered By Rape and Murder |author=Vincent Canby | authorlink = Vincent Canby |date=October 1, 1993 |work=The New York Times |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F0CEEDD103CF932A35753C1A965958260 |accessdate=September 26, 2008 }}
30. ^{{cite news |title=Malice |author=Roger Ebert | authorlink = Roger Ebert |date=October 1, 1993 |work=Chicago Sun-Times |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19931001/REVIEWS/310010306/1023 |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
31. ^{{cite news |title=Malice |author=Peter Travers | authorlink = Peter Travers |date=December 8, 2000 |work=Rolling Stone |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/malice-19931001 |accessdate=March 10, 2011 | quote = Malice is way out of that classy league. It's got suspense but no staying power.}}
32. ^1 {{cite news |title=Words fly down the halls of power |author=Emma Forrest |date=May 2, 2002 |work=The Age |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/05/02/1019441403137.html |accessdate=January 12, 2007 | location=Melbourne| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070118234722/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/05/02/1019441403137.html| archivedate= January 18, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
33. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news |title=Aaron Sorkin is a man of many words |first=John | last=Levesque |date=March 7, 2000 |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/tv/sork07.shtml |accessdate=January 10, 2007 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20101019144914/http://www.seattlepi.com/tv/sork07.shtml | archivedate= October 19, 2010}}
34. ^{{cite news|title=The American President: Boy Meets Girl, Brings Along Secret Service 'The American President' is a sentimental fantasy, mixing romance |author=Kenneth Turan |date=November 17, 1995 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.calendarlive.com/movies/reviews/cl-movie960406-46,0,1355383.story |accessdate=September 26, 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080616233728/http://www.calendarlive.com/movies/reviews/cl-movie960406-46%2C0%2C1355383.story |archivedate=June 16, 2008 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}
35. ^1 {{cite book |title=The West Wing Script Book |author=Aaron Sorkin |date=July 2002 |publisher=Newmarket Press |isbn=978-1-55704-549-2}}
36. ^1 {{cite book |title=The Gross: The Hits, the Flops: The Summer That Ate Hollywood |author=Peter Bart | authorlink = Peter Bart |date=February 21, 2000 |publisher=St. Martin's Griffin |pages=95–96 |isbn=978-0-312-25391-2}}
37. ^{{cite journal | author = Peter Biskind | authorlink = Peter Biskind | url = http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2006/03/reds200603 | title = Thunder on the Left: The Making of Reds | work = Vanity Fair |date=March 2006 }}
38. ^{{cite news |title=Beatty's bete noir? scribe makes waves over 'Ocean.' |author=Chris Petrikin |date=September 1, 1997 |work=Variety }}
39. ^{{cite news |title=Hanging With Warren B |author=Patrick Goldstein |date=May 3, 1998 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1998/may/03/entertainment/ca-45719 |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
40. ^{{cite news |title=Quality of 'Sports Night' no Laughing Matter |author=John Levesque |date=October 13, 1998 |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer}}
41. ^{{cite web |title = Keeping it real on 'Sports Night' |author=Jeff Merron |date=November 12, 2002 |work=ESPN |url=http://espn.go.com/page2/s/merron/021112.html |accessdate=December 25, 2010}}
42. ^{{cite news|title=Their Championship Season: In the Dugout with the MVPs of Sports Night |author=Richard Firstman |work=TV Guide |url=http://sportsnight.tktv.net/tvguide3.23.html |accessdate=January 19, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621212629/http://sportsnight.tktv.net/tvguide3.23.html |archivedate=June 21, 2007 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}
43. ^1 {{cite news|title=Huffman is game for 'Sports Night', but is ABC? |date=March 10, 1999 |author=Ed Bark |work=Dallas Morning News |url=http://www.felicity-huffman.com/articles.php?subaction=showcomments&id=921119214&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& |accessdate=January 28, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928164604/http://www.felicity-huffman.com/articles.php?subaction=showcomments&id=921119214&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& |archivedate=September 28, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}
44. ^1 {{cite news |title=A Laugh Riot |author=Joe Flint |date=September 25, 1998 | work= Entertainment Weekly |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,284963,00.html |accessdate=January 25, 2007}}
45. ^{{cite news|title=Why are "Dilbert" and "Sports Night" like a day at the office? Because watching them is a grind |author=Joyce Millman |date=February 22, 1999 |website=Salon |url=http://www.salon.com/ent/tv/mill/1999/02/22mill.html |accessdate=December 25, 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114072243/http://www.salon.com/ent/tv/mill/1999/02/22mill.html |archivedate=January 14, 2009}}
46. ^{{cite news |title=Redundant 'Sports Night' loses its momentum |author=Rob Owen |date=March 18, 1999 |work= Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |url=http://www.postgazette.com/tv/19990318owen6a.asp | publisher = PG Publishing |accessdate=January 25, 2007}}
47. ^{{cite news |title=Networks are slower to cancel TV series, but viewers are still wary |author=Rob Owen |date=October 1, 2000 |work= Pittsburgh Post-Gazette | publisher = PG Publishing | url=http://www.post-gazette.com/tv/20001001cancel4.asp}}
48. ^{{cite news |title=News at 9:30: Reprieve for Witty 'Sports Night' |author=Howard Rosenberg |date=December 6, 1999 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1999/dec/06/entertainment/ca-40968}}
49. ^{{cite web |title=Pilot episode |publisher=The West Wing Episode Guide |url=http://www.westwingepguide.com/S1/Episodes/1_PILOT.html |accessdate=January 23, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070122122105/http://www.westwingepguide.com/S1/Episodes/1_PILOT.html| archivedate= January 22, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
50. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=The Real White House |author=Matthew Miller |date=March 1, 2000 |url=http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/2000_03.html |publisher=Brill's Content |accessdate=January 18, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313170253/http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/2000_03.html |archivedate=March 13, 2007 |df= }}
51. ^{{cite news|title=West Wing ends seven-year TV run|date=May 15, 2006|accessdate=February 19, 2009|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4768639.stm|work=BBC News Online}}
52. ^{{cite news |title='West Wing' Producer, a Union Leader, Rules Out Writers' Raises |author=Bernard Weinraub |date=June 26, 2001 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/26/arts/west-wing-producer-a-union-leader-rules-out-writers-raises.html |accessdate=January 5, 2011}}
53. ^{{cite web |title=I Was the Dumb Looking Guy with the Wire-Rimmed Glasses |author=Rick Cleveland |website=FreshYarn.com |url=http://www.freshyarn.com/10/essays/cleveland_iwas.htm |accessdate=January 17, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070211172121/http://www.freshyarn.com/10/essays/cleveland_iwas.htm| archivedate= February 11, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
54. ^{{cite news |title=West Wing Web War! |author=Mickey Kaus |date=July 3, 2001 |website=Slate.com |url=http://www.slate.com/id/1007932/ |accessdate=January 17, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070208233205/http://www.slate.com/id/1007932/| archivedate= February 8, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
55. ^{{cite web |title=In Excelsis Deo |publisher=The West Wing Episode Guide |url=http://www.westwingepguide.com/S1/Episodes/10_IED.html |accessdate=January 17, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070109190429/http://www.westwingepguide.com/S1/Episodes/10_IED.html| archivedate= January 9, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
56. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wga.org/awards/awardssub.aspx?id=1517 |title=Writers Guild Awards Winners |accessdate=April 15, 2010 |publisher=WGA |year=2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20120525050852/http://www.wga.org/awards/awardssub.aspx?id=1517 |archivedate=May 25, 2012 |df= }}
57. ^{{cite video | title = The West Wing | people = Pierce Brosnan, Darrell Hammond | date = May 5, 2001 | medium = Comedy Sketch | url = http://snltranscripts.jt.org/00/00rwestwing.phtml | location = New York | work = Saturday Night Live | accessdate = January 27, 2007 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070208094218/http://snltranscripts.jt.org/00/00rwestwing.phtml | archivedate = February 8, 2007 | deadurl = yes | df = mdy-all }}
58. ^{{cite news |title=West Wing Watch: Snookered by Bush |date=February 25, 2002 |work=The New Yorker |url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2002/03/04/020304ta_talk_friend |accessdate=January 14, 2007}}
59. ^{{cite news |title='West Wing' Creator Defends Comments |author=Lynn Elber |date=March 5, 2002 |agency=Associated Press|url=http://www.ourmidland.com/news/article/West-Wing-Creator-Defends-Comments-7092823.php|work=Midland Daily News}}
60. ^{{cite book |title=Hollywood's New Radicalism: War, Globalisation and the Movies from Reagan to George W. Bush |first=Ben |last=Dickenson |date=March 3, 2006 |publisher=I. B. Tauris |pages=111–112 |isbn=978-1-84511-103-8}}
61. ^1 {{cite news |title=Finale: 'West Wing' |author=Ray Richmond | authorlink = Ray Richmond |date=May 12, 2006 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/finale-west-wing-138330 |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
62. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|title=Interview with Aaron Sorkin: Creator and Executive Producer of "Sports Night" and "The West Wing" |publisher=Comedy Central.com |date=January 1, 2001 |url=http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/000043.html |accessdate=January 10, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070321083324/http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/000043.html |archivedate=March 21, 2007 |df= }}
63. ^1 2 {{cite interview |last=Sorkin |first=Aaron |interviewer=Charlie Rose |work=The Charlie Rose Show |location=New York City |date=August 13, 2003 |url=http://westwing.bewarne.com/credits/sorkin.html |title=About the Show, Aaron Sorkin}}
64. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin sulking away from 'Wing' |author=Josef Adalian |date=May 1, 2003 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117885506.html |accessdate=January 14, 2007}}
65. ^{{cite news|title=Sorkin back at NBC with 'Studio' deal NBC gets Sorkin show |author=Andrew Wallenstein |date=October 15, 2005 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001306595 |accessdate=January 27, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930235330/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001306595 |archivedate=September 30, 2007}}
66. ^1 {{cite news|last=Harris|first=Mark|date=June 16, 2012|title=TV's Best Talker: Aaron Sorkin on The Newsroom, Sorkinism, and Sounding Smart |work=Vulture|url=http://www.vulture.com/2012/06/aaron-sorkin-newsroom-interview.html|accessdate=January 24, 2012}}
67. ^{{cite news |title=Inside Move: Sorkin scripting play, pic |author=Scott Hettrick |date=September 11, 2003 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117892324.html |accessdate=January 14, 2007}}
68. ^{{cite news |title=Peacock on 'Studio' beat |author=Josef Adalian |date=October 14, 2005 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117931024.html |accessdate=January 21, 2007}}
69. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin turns his attention to TV |author=Kevin Young |date=August 27, 2006 |work=BBC News Online |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/5290474.stm |accessdate=January 21, 2007}}
70. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin takes the blame for '60' |author=Patrick Goldstein |date=July 17, 2007 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://articles.latimes.com/2007/jul/17/entertainment/et-goldstein17|accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
71. ^1 {{cite news|title=Aaron Sorkin speaks about 'Studio 60,' the press and those pesky bloggers|url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/entertainment_tv/2007/01/aaron_sorkin_sp.html|author=Maureen Ryan|date=January 19, 2007|accessdate=February 19, 2009|work=Chicago Tribune}}
72. ^{{cite news |title=Inside 'The Alamo' |author=Army Archerd |date=October 29, 2003 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117894813.html |accessdate=January 23, 2007}}
73. ^{{cite press release |title=New Line Cinema acquires Aaron Sorkin's The Farnsworth Invention, taps Thomas Schlamme to direct |date=April 28, 2004 |publisher=New Line Cinema |url=http://www.newline.com/press/2004/0428_farnsworth.shtml |accessdate=January 21, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070117144245/http://www.newline.com/press/2004/0428_farnsworth.shtml| archivedate= January 17, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
74. ^1 2 {{cite news |title='Farnsworth' fumble: Abbey drops ball on Sorkin commission |author=Karen Fricker |date=February 5, 2006 |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117937383.html |work=Variety |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
75. ^{{cite news |title='West Wing' to West Coast: TV's Auteur Portrays TV |author=Bill Carter |date=September 11, 2006 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/11/arts/television/11sork.html |quote= Mr. Sorkin's new play, "The Farnsworth Invention," based on the struggle of Philo T. Farnsworth to win recognition for his invention—television again—will begin rehearsals at the La Jolla Playhouse. Steven Spielberg is making his theatrical producing debut.}}
76. ^1 {{cite news |title=Sorkin and McAnuff Collaborate on LaJolla's 'Invention' |author=BWW News Desk |date=December 15, 2006 |url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Sorkin_and_McAnuff_Collaborate_on_LaJollas_Invention_20061215 |publisher=BroadwayWorld.com |accessdate=January 2, 2007}}
77. ^{{cite news |title=Azaria & Simpson Set for Farnsworth Invention; Opens 11/14 |author=BWW News Desk |date=July 25, 2007 |publisher=BroadwayWorld.com |url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Azaria_Simpson_Set_for_Farnsworth_Invention_Opens_1114_20070725 }}
78. ^{{cite web|title=Aaron Sorkin's Farnsworth Invention to Open on Broadway in November |date=June 21, 2007 |work=Playbill |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/109037.html |accessdate=June 22, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626121651/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/109037.html |archivedate=June 26, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
79. ^{{cite news |title='Invention' sparks reinvention: Sorkin's former movie pitch hits Broadway |author=Gordon Cox |date=November 10, 2007 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117975689.html |accessdate=November 10, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20071211220948/http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117975689.html?categoryid=2524&cs=1 | archivedate=December 11, 2007| deadurl= no}}
80. ^{{cite news|title=It's Over! Labor Dispute Resolved as Stagehands Strike Ends |author=Andrew Gans |date=November 28, 2007 |work=Playbill |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/113114.html |accessdate=September 25, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071130060249/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/113114.html |archivedate=November 30, 2007 |df= }}
81. ^{{cite news|title=Farnsworth Invention Ends Broadway Run March 2 |author=Andrew Gans |author2=Ernio Hernandez |date=March 2, 2008 |work=Playbill |url=http://www.playbill.com/news/article/115494.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090114040339/http://www.playbill.com/news/article/115494.html |archivedate=January 14, 2009 |df= }}
82. ^{{cite news |title=West End boys club |author=Michael Fleming |date=April 24, 2005 |work=Variety |accessdate=January 10, 2007 |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117921624.html }}
83. ^{{Cite web|title = Aaron Sorkin and Bartlett Sher Adapt 'To Kill a Mockingbird' to the Stage|url = http://www.classicalite.com/articles/37488/20160212/aaron-sorkin-bartlett-sher-adapt-kill-mockingbird-stage.htm|website = Classicalite|date = February 12, 2016|accessdate = February 23, 2016}}
84. ^{{Cite web|title = Read the Reviews for Broadway’s 'To Kill a Mockingbird'|url = http://www.playbill.com/article/read-the-reviews-for-broadways-to-kill-a-mockingbird|website = Playbill|date = December 13, 2018}}
85. ^Playbill, July 1, 2018
86. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin goes from White House to front line: Playtone partners Hanks, Goetzman to produce 'War' |author=Michael Fleming |date=June 17, 2004 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117906666.html |accessdate=January 23, 2007}}
87. ^{{cite news |title=Playtone goes to 'War' with U: Hanks to play former Texas congressman Wilson |author=Michael Fleming |date=July 20, 2003 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117889616.html |accessdate=January 23, 2007}}
88. ^{{cite news |title=Holiday weekends will drive 2007 boxoffice |author=Martin A. Grove |date=January 12, 2007 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/holiday-weekends-will-drive-2007-127888|accessdate=January 23, 2007 | agency = Associated Press }}
89. ^{{cite news |title=Coming soon: 'Facebook: The Movie'? |author=Jessica Guynn |date=August 28, 2008 |work=Los Angeles Times |url=http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-techblog28-2008aug28,0,4670260.story }}
90. ^{{cite news |last=Kit |first=Borys|title=Aaron Sorkin to Write 'Steve Jobs' Movie for Sony |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=May 15, 2012 | url = http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/aaron-sorkin-steve-jobs-sony-324794 |accessdate = May 20, 2012}}
91. ^{{cite web|title=Aaron Sorkin Talks Steve Jobs Movie, His Digital Life and His New Show "The Newsroom"|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kN0yzItFWhU|work=YouTube|publisher=Google, Inc|accessdate=July 15, 2013|author=WSJDigitalNetwork|format=Video upload|date=May 30, 2012}}
92. ^{{cite web|title=Golden Globes 2016 winners list: Leonardo DiCaprio, The Revenant, Brie Larson & more|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2016/01/10/golden-globes-2016-winners-list|website=www.ew.com|accessdate=January 11, 2016}}
93. ^{{cite news|last1=Kit|first1=Borys|title=Aaron Sorkin to Make Directorial Debut With Underground Poker Drama 'Molly's Game'|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/aaron-sorkin-make-directorial-debut-853102|accessdate=January 8, 2016|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=January 7, 2016}}
94. ^{{cite web|url=http://deadline.com/2016/05/idris-elba-mollys-game-aaron-sorkin-movie-jessica-chastain-1201750993/|title=Idris Elba Just Upped Ante Of Aaron Sorkin's 'Molly's Game' Ahead Of Cannes|website=Deadline Hollywood|first=Patrick|last=Hipes|date=May 6, 2016|accessdate=November 10, 2016}}
95. ^{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/news/idris-elba-aaron-sorkin-mollys-game-1201760301/|title=Idris Elba in Talks to Join Jessica Chastain in Aaron Sorkin's 'Molly's Game' (EXCLUSIVE)|website=Variety|first=Justin|last=Kroll|date=May 6, 2016|accessdate=November 10, 2016}}
96. ^{{cite web|url=https://variety.com/2016/film/festivals/cannes-aaron-sorkins-mollys-game-nears-9-million-deal-with-stx-1201773855/|title=Cannes: Aaron Sorkin's 'Molly's Game' Nears $9 Million Deal With STX|website=Variety|first=Ramin|last=Seetoodeh|date=May 13, 2016|accessdate=November 9, 2016}}
97. ^{{cite web|url=http://entertainmentone.com/about-eone/news-events/principal-photography-begins-on-aaron-sorkin's-mol|title=PRINCIPAL PHOTOGRAPHY BEGINS ON AARON SORKIN'S MOLLY'S GAME STARRING JESSICA CHASTAIN AND IDRIS ELBA|website=Entertainment One|date=November 9, 2016|accessdate=November 9, 2016|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127191555/http://entertainmentone.com/about-eone/news-events/principal-photography-begins-on-aaron-sorkin%E2%80%99s-mol|archivedate=November 27, 2016|df=mdy-all}}
98. ^{{cite news |title=Aaron Sorkin, 'The Office's' John Krasinski Team for Chateau Marmont Mini |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/aaron-sorkin-offices-john-krasinski-205101 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |date=June 23, 2011 |first=Lesley |last=Goldberg |accessdate=December 22, 2011}}
99. ^{{cite web |last=Hibberd |first=James |title=Aaron Sorkin's HBO cable news drama ordered to series |work=Entertainment Weekly|date=September 8, 2011 | url = http://insidetv.ew.com/2011/09/08/aaron-sorkin-cable-news-drama/ |accessdate = September 8, 2011}}
100. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.deadline.com/2012/07/newsroom-true-blood-renewed-hbo/|title=HBO Renews Aaron Sorkin's 'The Newsroom' And 'True Blood' |website=Deadline Hollywood |last=Patten |first=Dominic |date=July 2, 2012|accessdate=July 2, 2012}}
101. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-207_162-57601312/jeff-daniels-the-newsroom-renewed-for-season-3/ | work=CBS News |title=Jeff Daniels: 'The Newsroom' renewed for season 3 |first=Ken |last=Lombardi |date=September 4, 2013 |accessdate=June 17, 2014}}
102. ^{{Cite web|url=http://insidetv.ew.com/2014/01/13/the-newsroom-canceled/|title=HBO to end 'The Newsroom' with 3rd season|work=Entertainment Weekly |last =Hibberd |first=James |date=January 13, 2014|accessdate=January 13, 2014}}
103. ^{{cite news|title=Sorkin Will Script Flaming Lips Musical |author=Michael Endelman |date=March 20, 2007 |work=Entertainment Weekly |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20015535,00.html |accessdate=June 9, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070611102419/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0%2C%2C20015535%2C00.html |archivedate=June 11, 2007 |deadurl=no |df= }}
104. ^{{cite news |title=McAnuff tries northern exposure: After B'way boom, helmer sets sights on Shakespeare |author=Gordon Cox |date=August 13, 2006 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117948337.html |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
105. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin eyes Lips show: Writer mulls 'Yoshimi' musical |author=Gordon Cox |date=June 24, 2007 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117961571.html |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
106. ^{{cite news |title=Sorkin on 'Trial' at DreamWorks: Duo to team on possible Spielberg project |author1=Michael Fleming |author2=Pamela McClintock |date=July 12, 2007 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117968411.html |accessdate=September 26, 2008}}
107. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/organgrinder/2011/mar/16/natalie-portman-actor-fee | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Dan | last=Sabbagh | title=Natalie Portman sparks Hollywood battle | date=March 17, 2011}}
108. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/paul-greengrass-talks-aaron-sorkin-590983|title=Paul Greengrass in Talks for Aaron Sorkin-Penned 'The Trial of the Chicago 7'|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=July 23, 2013|first=Rebecca|last=Ford}}
109. ^{{cite news|author=Richard Ouzounian|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/480906|title=Top talent in place at Stratford for 2009|work=Toronto Star|date=August 19, 2008|accessdate=September 25, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080904065524/http://www.thestar.com/entertainment/article/480906|archivedate=September 4, 2008|deadurl=no}}
110. ^{{cite news | date = July 16, 2010 | publisher =CNN | title='West Wing' creator takes on John Edwards | url = http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2010/07/16/west-wing-creator-takes-on-john-edwards | accessdate= December 25, 2010}}
111. ^{{cite web |last=Vozick-Levinson |first=Simon |title=Aaron Sorkin writing Hugh Jackman's Houdini musical: Composer Danny Elfman has 'high hopes' |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=November 2, 2010 |url=http://popwatch.ew.com/2010/11/02/hugh-jackman-houdini-musical/ |accessdate=December 4, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205014923/http://popwatch.ew.com/2010/11/02/hugh-jackman-houdini-musical/ |archivedate=December 5, 2010 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy-all }}
112. ^{{cite web|last=Potts |first=Kimberly |url=http://www.thewrap.com/media/article/hugh-jackman-aaron-sorkin-teaming-houdini-musical-34065 |title=Hugh Jackman, Aaron Sorkin Teaming for 'Houdini' Musical |website=The Wrap Media|date= |accessdate=June 2, 2012}}
113. ^{{cite news|last=Couch |first=Aaron |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/aaron-sorkin-exits-broadway-musical-416978 |title=Aaron Sorkin Exits Broadway Musical About Houdini |work=The Hollywood Reporter| date=January 30, 2013}}
114. ^{{cite web|last1=Robinson|first1=Will|title=Cate Blanchett to star in Lucille Ball biopic written by Aaron Sorkin|url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/09/02/cate-blanchett-lucille-ball-biopic-aaron-sorkin|accessdate=September 6, 2015}}
115. ^{{cite news |url=http://deadline.com/2017/08/lucille-ball-cate-blanchett-desi-arnaz-movie-aaron-sorkin-amazon-studios-1202143942/|title=Amazon Studios Boards Lucy And Desi: Aaron Sorkin Scripting, Cate Blanchett To Play Lucille Ball|website=Deadline Hollywood|date=7 August 2017 |accessdate=7 August 2017}}
116. ^{{cite web|title=NBC Sets Live Production of Aaron Sorkin's 'A Few Good Men' for 2017|url=https://variety.com/2016/tv/news/nbc-live-production-of-aaron-sorkin-a-few-good-men-1201742121/|access-date=June 10, 2016}}
117. ^{{cite web|title=Aaron Sorkin Goes Off Script: Fears, the Critics and His Private Battles Behind 'Molly's Game'|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/features/aaron-sorkin-goes-script-fears-critics-his-private-battles-behind-mollys-game-1062019}}
118. ^{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2016/digital/news/aaron-sorkin-screenwriting-course-masterclass-1201801431/|title=Aaron Sorkin to Teach Online Course on Screenwriting|work=Variety|author=Todd Spangler|date=June 22, 2016|accessdate=September 2, 2016}}
119. ^1 {{cite web |title=Interview with Aaron Sorkin |publisher=The Writers Guild of America, East, Inc. |accessdate=January 10, 2007 |format=PDF |page=6 |work=On Writing Magazine, Issue 18|date=February 2003 |url=http://www.wgaeast.org/newsletter_and_publications/pdf/onwriting18.pdf | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070128072902/http://www.wgaeast.org/newsletter_and_publications/pdf/onwriting18.pdf| archivedate = January 28, 2007 }}
120. ^{{cite news|title=Why Does Aaron Sorkin Feel So Guilty? |author=Mickey Rapkin |date=August 12, 2008 |work=GQ |url=http://men.style.com/gq/blogs/gqeditors/2008/08/why-does-aaron.html |accessdate=September 26, 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913044449/http://men.style.com/gq/blogs/gqeditors/2008/08/why-does-aaron.html |archivedate=September 13, 2008 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
121. ^{{cite web|title=Interview with Thomas Schlamme, Director and Executive Producer, "Sports Night" |author=Elif Cercel |date=November 11, 1999 |work=Directors World |url=http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/archives/1999/11/interview_with.html |accessdate=January 21, 2007 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626105050/http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/archives/1999/11/interview_with.html |archivedate=June 26, 2007 |df=mdy }}
122. ^{{cite web|url=http://thedigitalamericana.com/wall/#/aaron-sorkin-modern-tv-an-ode-to-the-american-playwright-kind-of|publisher=thedigitalamericana.com|title=The Digital Americana Wall|accessdate=October 16, 2016}}
123. ^{{cite news |title= What's on Your Agenda?: Ten senior executives and thinkers explain the most crucial item on their leadership agenda |author1=Christine Canabou |author2=Pamela Kruger |author3=Cathy Olofson |date=May 2001 |work=Fast Company |url=http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/47/one.html |accessdate=October 2, 2008}}
124. ^{{cite news |title=West Wing votes in new writers |date=July 25, 2003 |work=BBC News Online |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3095619.stm |accessdate=January 25, 2007 | archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20061211125311/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3095619.stm| archivedate= December 11, 2006 | deadurl= no}}
125. ^{{cite news |title=Malice: A Film Review |author=James Berardinelli |year=1993 |publisher=Reelviews.net |url=http://www.reelviews.net/movies/m/malice.html |accessdate=January 10, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070220154644/http://www.reelviews.net/movies/m/malice.html| archivedate= February 20, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
126. ^{{Cite news |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15640559/ |title='Studio 60' doesn't take comedy seriously: Show's flailing by focusing on issues, not craziness of the writers' room |last=Holmes |first=Linda |date=November 26, 2006 |access-date=January 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070124090818/http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/15640559/ |archive-date=January 24, 2007 |dead-url=no |publisher=mbnbc.com |author-link=Linda Holmes (writer)}}
127. ^1 {{cite news|title=Wing and a prayer|author=Jay Rayner|date=July 10, 2005|accessdate=February 19, 2009|url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/jul/10/theatre.foodanddrink|work=The Guardian | location=London}}
128. ^1 {{cite news|title=After the West Wing...|author=Andrew Gumbel|work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/media/after-the-west-wing-511996.html|date=October 22, 2005|accessdate=February 19, 2009 | location=London}}
129. ^{{cite web | title=Sources: Kristin Davis Dating Oscar-Winning Writer Aaron Sorkin | url = http://www.eonline.com/news/sources_kristin_davis_dating/318497 | date= May 23, 2012 | first=Melanie | last= Bromley | first2=Marc | last2 = Malkin}}
130. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news |title=Prodigal Returns, Bearing Dialogue |author=Bruce Weber |date=November 4, 2007 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/04/theater/04webe.html |accessdate=October 27, 2014 |quote="I've been healthy for six and a half years," he said. "But like any addict I'm one phone call away from that not being true."}}
131. ^{{cite book|title=A Little Bit Wicked: Life, Love, and Faith in Stages|author=Kristin Chenoweth|year=2009|isbn=978-1-4165-8055-3|publisher=Simon & Schuster}}
132. ^{{cite news |title=Sex & the Single Stiletto |author=Howard Kurtz |date=November 5, 2005 |work=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/04/AR2005110401996_pf.html | accessdate=September 25, 2008}}
133. ^{{cite news | title=Kristin Davis, Aaron Sorkin kiss on red carpet, glow with love as they confirm romance | url = http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/kristin-davis-aaron-sorkin-kiss-red-carpet-glowing-love-confirm-romance-article-1.1099956 | date= June 21, 2012 | first=Joyce | last=Chen | location=New York | work=Daily News}}
134. ^{{cite web |title=Aaron Sorkin Biography and Political Campaign Contributions |publisher=CampaignMoney.com |url=http://www.campaignmoney.com/biography/aaron_sorkin.asp |accessdate=January 29, 2007| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20070203192501/http://www.campaignmoney.com/biography/aaron_sorkin.asp| archivedate= February 3, 2007 | deadurl= no}}
135. ^{{cite news |title=I'm Rob Reiner, and I Approve this Message |author=Matthew Cooper |date=July 3, 2004 |work=Time |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1101040712-660923,00.html |accessdate=January 29, 2007}}
136. ^{{cite news |title=Obama's fresh Hollywood faces: Hollywood team: Vitality and donations |author=Ted Johnson |date=August 28, 2008 |work=Variety |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117991314.html |accessdate=September 15, 2008 }}
137. ^{{cite news |title = West Wing creator brings his play to West End | author = Jay Rayner | date = July 31, 2005 |work=The Guardian | url = https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/jul/10/theatre.foodanddrink | accessdate = January 14, 2007 | location=London}}
138. ^{{cite news |title=The Crack-Up |author=Michael Cieply |work=Talk magazine |date=September 2001 }}
139. ^1 {{cite news|title=Aaron Sorkin Says He Used Drugs |agency=Associated Press |url=http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/2001_08.html |accessdate=June 7, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070504064223/http://b4a.healthyinterest.net/news/2001_08.html |archivedate=May 4, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
140. ^{{cite web|title=Aaron Sorkin's Commencement Speech - 13 May 2012|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwvilfPWHYI|work=YouTube|publisher=Google, Inc|accessdate=July 15, 2013|author=Syracuse|format=Video upload|date=May 14, 2012}}
141. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2016/11/aaron-sorkin-donald-trump-president-letter-daughter|title=Read the Letter Aaron Sorkin Wrote His Daughter After Donald Trump Was Elected President|first=Aaron|last=Sorkin|publisher=}}
142. ^{{cite news |title=Review/Theater; Three Plays on Desire |author=Mel Gussow |date=August 24, 1988 |work=The New York Times |url=http://theater2.nytimes.com/mem/theater/treview.html?res=940DE7D9173DF937A1575BC0A96E948260 |accessdate=January 12, 2007}}
143. ^{{cite news |title= Review/Theater; Honor, Bullying and Conformity in the Trial in 'A Few Good Men' |author=Frank Rich | authorlink = Frank Rich |date=November 16, 1989 |work=The New York Times |url=http://theater2.nytimes.com/mem/theater/treview.html?res=950DE4D61338F935A25752C1A96F948260 |accessdate=January 12, 2007}}
144. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Review/Theater; 'Making Movies,' a Satire Of the Celluloid World |author=Mel Gussow |date=March 28, 1990 |work=The New York Times |url=http://theater2.nytimes.com/mem/theater/treview.html?res=9C0CEFDD1139F93BA15750C0A966958260 |accessdate=January 12, 2007}}
145. ^{{cite journal |last=Shanley |first=Patrick |title=Golden Globes: Martin McDonagh Wins Best Screenplay for 'Three Billboards' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/golden-globes-martin-mcdonagh-wins-best-screenplay-three-billboards-1072345 |date=January 8, 2018 |access-date=January 8, 2018 |journal=The Hollywood Reporter}}
146. ^{{cite journal |last=Ehrlich |first=David |title='Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri' Writer Martin McDonagh Wins Golden Globe for Best Screenplay |url=http://www.indiewire.com/2018/01/three-billboards-outside-ebbings-missouri-wins-golden-globe-best-screenplay-martin-mcdonagh-1201914275/ |date=January 8, 2018 |access-date=January 8, 2018 |journal=Indie Wire}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |title=The West Wing Script Book |author=Aaron Sorkin |date=July 2002 |publisher=Newmarket Press |isbn=978-1-55704-549-2 }}
  • {{cite book |title=The West Wing Seasons 3 & 4: The Shooting Scripts: Eight Teleplays |author=Aaron Sorkin |date=February 2004 |publisher=Newmarket Press |isbn=978-1-55704-612-3}}
  • {{cite web |title=Interview with Aaron Sorkin |publisher=The Writers Guild of America, East, Inc. |accessdate=January 10, 2007 |format=PDF |page=6 |work=On Writing Magazine, Issue 18|date=February 2003 |url=http://www.wgaeast.org/newsletter_and_publications/pdf/onwriting18.pdf | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070128072902/http://www.wgaeast.org/newsletter_and_publications/pdf/onwriting18.pdf

| archivedate = January 28, 2007 }}
  • {{cite web|title=Early draft of the Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip pilot script |author=Aaron Sorkin |url=http://www.geocities.com/seekergurl/studio60.html |accessdate=February 1, 2007 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5klWBgizK?url=http://www.geocities.com/seekergurl/studio60.html |archivedate=October 24, 2009 |deadurl=yes |df=mdy }}
  • {{cite video |people=Aaron Sorkin and Rob Reiner |title=From Stage to Screen with Aaron Sorkin and Rob Reiner, A Few Good Men (Special Edition DVD) |date=2001 |url=https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00005B6JZ/ |medium=Documentary}}
  • {{cite podcast|title=Aaron Sorkin, in his own words |date=January 21, 2007 |website=TV Barn |host=Aaron Barnhart |url=http://blogs.kansascity.com/tvbarn/files/TVBP8.mp3|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070221073400/http://blogs.kansascity.com/tvbarn/files/TVBP8.mp3|archivedate=21 February 2007}}

External links

{{wikiquote}}{{Commons category|Aaron Sorkin}}
  • {{IMDb name|0815070}}
  • Aaron Sorkin at Moviefone
  • Aaron Sorkin at Rotten Tomatoes
  • Blog Entries by Aaron Sorkin at The Huffington Post
  • {{Charlie Rose view|1830}}
  • {{Guardian topic}}
  • {{NYTtopic|people/s/aaron_sorkin}}
  • {{Worldcat id|lccn-n92-57391}}
{{featured article}}{{Aaron Sorkin}}{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Aaron Sorkin
|list ={{AcademyAwardBestAdaptedScreenplay 2001–2020}}{{BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay 2000–2019}}{{Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay}}{{EmmyAward DramaWriting 2000s}}{{GoldenGlobeBestScreenplayMotionPicture 2001–2020}}{{London Film Critics Circle Award for Screenwriter of the Year}}{{National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay}}{{Satellite Award Best Adapted Screenplay}}{{Writers Guild of America Award for Best Adapted Screenplay}}{{WritersGuildofAmericaEpisodicDramaScreenplay 1995–2009}}
}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sorkin, Aaron}}

18 : 1961 births|American male film actors|American male screenwriters|Television producers from New York City|American television writers|Best Adapted Screenplay Academy Award winners|Jewish American writers|Living people|Writers from New York City|People from Scarsdale, New York|Syracuse University alumni|Writers Guild of America Award winners|Showrunners|Best Screenplay Golden Globe winners|Scarsdale High School alumni|Male television writers|Screenwriters from New York (state)|Screenwriting instructors
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