| 词条 | Lee Hoi-chang |
| 释义 |
|native_name = {{nobold|이회창}} |native_name_lang = ko |name=Lee Hoi-chang |image = Lee Hoi-chang (2010).jpg |office = 24th Prime Minister of South Korea |president = Kim Young-sam |term_start = 17 December 1993 |term_end = 21 April 1994 |predecessor = Hwang In-sung |successor = Lee Yung-dug |office1 = Member of the National Assembly |term_start1 = 30 May 2008 |term_end1 = 29 May 2012 |predecessor1 = Hong Moon-pyo |successor1 = Hong Moon-pyo |constituency1 = Hongseong–Yesan |term_start2 = 30 May 2000 |term_end2 = 10 December 2002 |constituency2 = {{nowrap|Proportional representation}} |term_start3 = 4 June 1999 |term_end3 = 29 May 2000 |predecessor3 = Hong Jun-pyo |successor3 = Maeng Hyung-gyu |constituency3 = Seoul Songpa A |office4 = Leader of the Liberty Forward Party |term_start4 = 1 February 2008 |term_end4 = 9 May 2011 |predecessor4 = Position established |successor4 = Byun Woong-jeon |office5 = President of the Grand National Party |term_start5 = 30 August 1998 |term_end5 = 1 April 2002 |predecessor5 = Cho Soon |successor5 = Park Kwan-yong (acting) |office6 = President of the New Korea Party |term_start6 = 30 September 1997 |term_end6 = 21 November 1997 |predecessor6 = Kim Young-sam |successor6 = Position abolished |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1935|6|2|df=y}} |birth_place = Sohung County, Hwanghae, Korea |death_date = |death_place = |blank1 = Religion |data1 = Catholicism[1] |party = Bareun {{small|(2017–present)}} |otherparty = New Korea {{small|(1996–1997)}} Grand National {{small|(1997–2007)}} Independent {{small|(2007–2008)}} Liberty Forward {{small|(2008–2012)}} Saenuri {{small|(2012–2017)}} |spouse = Han In-ok[2] |children = 2 sons[3] |alma_mater = Seoul National University | module = {{Infobox Korean name |hangul={{linktext|이|회|창}} |hanja={{linktext|李|會|昌|}} |rr=I Hoe-chang |mr=Yi Hoech'ang |hangulho={{linktext|경|사}} |hanjaho={{linktext|俓|史|}} |rrho=Gyeongsa |mrho=Kyŏngsa | child = yes}} }}Lee Hoi-chang ({{IPA-ko|i.hø.tɕʰaŋ}}; born June 2, 1935) is a South Korean politician and lawyer who served as the 26th Prime Minister of South Korea from 1993 to 1994. He was a presidential candidate in the 15th, 16th and 17th presidential elections of South Korea. Prior to his presidential campaigns, Lee served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of South Korea.[4] Early life and educationLee was born to an elite family in Seoheung, Hwanghae (part of what is now North Korea), but grew up in the South after his father Yi Hong-gyu, a public prosecutor, was appointed to a new post.[5] Lee studied law at Seoul National University. Lee served as a judge from 1960 to 1980, when he became the country's youngest-ever Supreme Court Justice at the age of 46.[5] Political careerIn 1988, Lee was appointed Chairman of the National Election Commission. He was chosen to head the Board of Audit and Inspection under President Kim Young-sam in 1993. Lee's anti-corruption campaigns in that office gained him the nickname "Bamboo," a Korean term for an upright person of principle.[5] Later in the same year, he was appointed prime minister, but resigned in 1994. His departure was attributed to a frustration with the exclusion of the office of the prime minister from policymaking, in particular with respect to North Korea.[4] In 1996, Lee led the parliamentary campaign of the then-ruling New Korea Party (NKP), which merged with the United Democratic Party to become the Grand National Party (GNP) in 1997.[6] Lee was elected as his party's presidential candidate for the presidential election scheduled for that same year. Lee was initially considered the frontrunner in the race, although his performance in public polling took a hit amid revelations in September that two of his sons had been excused from mandatory military service for reporting for duty underweight, having each lost 22 pounds since their initial physical examinations.[7] Lee ultimately lost to Kim Dae-jung in the midst of the Asian economic crisis. Lee again campaigned to win the presidency in 2002, running against Roh Moo-hyun of the incumbent Millennium Democratic Party. Although corruption scandals marred the incumbent government, Lee's campaign suffered from the wave of Anti-American sentiment in Korea generated by the Yangju highway incident. Public opinion of Lee, who was widely seen as being both pro-U.S. and the preferred candidate of the George W. Bush Administration in Washington, D.C., suffered. After losing to Roh by 2% in the December 2002 elections, Lee subsequently announced his retirement from politics.[5][8] On November 7, 2007, Lee officially announced his third campaign for the South Korean presidency as an unaligned candidate after quitting the GNP. Launching his campaign late in the race, some two months prior to the election, Lee joined GNP candidate Lee Myung-bak, UNDP contender Chung Dong-young, and Moon Kook-hyun. Running to the right of his opponents, Lee criticized foreign aid to North Korea, arguing that such programs were fiscally burdensome and inappropriate while North Korea continued to pursue the development of nuclear weapons.[9][10] His presidential bid posed a concern to the conservatives who were eager to regain the presidency after a decade of leftist rule, as it was feared Lee's candidacy would divide the conservative vote; however, Lee Myung-Bak won the December elections with 48.7% of the vote, while Lee Hoi-chang came in third, with approximately 15%.[11][12][13] After his 2007 election bid, Lee founded the Liberty Forward Party. Political positionsLee has been described as a staunch conservative in the context of South Korean politics.[14] His positions include anti-communism, support for free market capitalism, and a hard-line stance against North Korea.[14] Lee has repeatedly criticized Kim Dae-jung's "Sunshine Policy" of engagement and détente with North Korea, and argued for the cessation of foreign aid until the North should dismantle its nuclear weapon program. Lee has called for a crackdown on illegal strikes, and for the appointment of more women to government offices.[5] References1. ^KBS WORLD radio 2. ^{{cite web|title=Opposition gains control in S. Korea|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/east/08/08/skorea.politics/|website=CNN|accessdate=4 May 2015|date=8 August 2002}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Asiaweek.com Power 50|url=http://www.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/features/power50/p5021-25.html|website=Asiaweek|accessdate=4 May 2015}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Holley|first1=David|title=S. Korea's 'Mr. Clean' Is Nominee for President|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1997/jul/22/news/mn-15000|accessdate=27 April 2015|work=LA Times|date=22 July 1997}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Profile: Lee Hoi-Chang|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/2535547.stm|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=24 April 2015|date=3 December 2002}} 6. ^https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/848685/Saenuri-Party 7. ^{{cite news|last1=Nicholas D.|first1=Kristof|title=Sons' Military Weigh-In Pulls Korean Candidate From Lead|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/07/world/sons-military-weigh-in-pulls-korean-candidate-from-lead.html|accessdate=24 April 2015|work=New York Times|date=7 September 1997}} 8. ^{{cite web|last1=Cossa|first1=Ralph A.|title=U.S.-Korea Relations: Trials, Tribulations, Threats, Tirades|url=https://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/0204qus_korea.pdf|publisher=Comparative Connections—An E-Journal on East Asian Bilateral Relations|accessdate=24 April 2015|date=December 2012}} 9. ^{{cite news|last1=Brooke|first1=James|title=Observation Post Dora Journal; This Train Is Bound for Nowhere, for the Moment|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/12/world/observation-post-dora-journal-this-train-is-bound-for-nowhere-for-the-moment.html|accessdate=24 April 2015|work=New York Times|date=12 September 2001}} 10. ^{{cite book|last1=Kang|first1=David C.|editor1-last=Flake|editor1-first=Gordon L.|editor2-last=Park|editor2-first=Ryo-byug|title=Understanding New Political Realities in Seoul: Working toward a Common Approach to Strengthen U.S.-Korean Relations|date=March 2008|pages=27–42|url=http://www.mansfieldfdn.org/backup/pubs/pub_pdfs/US-ROK_chpt_1.pdf|accessdate=24 April 2015}} 11. ^Angus Reid page on South Korea {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090313034600/http://www.angus-reid.com/tracker/view/14651 |date=March 13, 2009 }} 12. ^{{cite news|url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7150806.stm|title= Lee wins South Korea's election|publisher= BBC News|date= 19 December 2007}} 13. ^{{cite news|url= http://www.heritage.org/research/AsiaandthePacific/wm1758.cfm|title= Conservative landslide marks new era in South Korea|publisher= The Heritage Foundation|date= 20 December 2007|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090205011530/http://www.heritage.org/Research/AsiaandthePacific/wm1758.cfm|archivedate= 5 February 2009|df= }} 14. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Foster-Carter|first1=Aidan|title=What’s Left in South Korea?|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/korearealtime/2014/08/01/whats-left-in-south-korea/|accessdate=24 April 2015|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=1 August 2014}} External links{{Commons category}}{{2007 South Korean presidential candidates}}{{Prime Ministers of South Korea}}{{Saenuri Party}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Lee, Hoi-chang}} 12 : 1935 births|Advancement Unification Party politicians|Bareun Party politicians|Kyunggi High School alumni|Living people|Liberty Korea Party politicians|Seoul National University alumni|South Korean anti-communists|South Korean judges|South Korean lawyers|South Korean Roman Catholics|Yi clan of Jeonju |
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