| 词条 | Leiarius |
| 释义 |
| image_caption = Leiarius pictus | image =Leiarius pictus.jpg | taxon = Leiarius | authority = Bleeker, 1862 | type_species = Arius? longibarbis | type_species_authority = Castelnau, 1855 | subdivision_ranks=Species | subdivision= | synonyms = Sciadeoides Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888 }} Leiarius is a genus of long-whiskered catfishes native to South America. Most of the genus' species are found in the aquarium hobby as ornamental fish. SpeciesThere are currently four recognized species in this genus:[1]
Anatomy and physiologyL. marmoratus can reach a little more than 100 centimetres (39 in) TL and has a maximum published weight of about 12 kilograms (26 lb).[2] L. pictus grows to 60 cm (24 in) TL.[3]These two species can be easily confused. The body of L. pictus is brown with darker brown spots, with a paler ventral coloring. In juvenile L. pictus, two parallel, pale bands curve from the dorsal fin down the body towards the caudal fin.[2] In young fish of both species, the maxillary barbels are very long and ringed with black and white.[3] As both of these species grow, their barbels will shorten in proportion to their size, and the caudal fin lobes, which are rounded in the young, become much more pointed.[2][3] As L. marmoratus grows older, it darkens and its dark spots develop into a marbled pattern.[3] Both species have a large, sail-like dorsal fin.[2][3] There are no external sexual differences.[2] Range and distributionL. marmoratus is found in the Amazon, Essequibo, and Orinoco River basins.[4] On the other hand, L. pictus is only found in the Amazon and Orinoco River basins.[5]EcologyL. marmoratus inhabits riverbeds, deep wells, and lakes. Young or sub-adults form large schools. This species prefers to lay over rock and tree trunks during the day, being more active at sunrise, sunset, and night.[4]Importance to humansIn aquariaBoth L. marmoratus and L. pictus are ornamental fish kept as pets in the aquarium hobby.[6] They have a voracious appetite and can grow rapidly, and therefore should be kept in a very large aquarium. These fish are peaceful towards other large fish.[3] Some sort of retreat to allow these fish to hide during the day is required.[2][3] These fish get very large and are not recommended for the average aquarist.[2] See also
References1. ^{{FishBase genus | genus = Leiarius| month = February | year = 2012}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://www.planetcatfish.com/cotm/cotm.php?article_id=146|title=PlanetCatfish::Catfish of the Month::April 2003|publisher=PlanetCatfish.com|date=2007-01-24|accessdate=2007-06-22}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book|title=Exotic Tropical Fishes|last=Axelrod|first=Herbert R.|authorlink=Herbert R. Axelrod|author2=Emmens, C. |author3=Burgess, W. |author4=Pronek, N. |publisher=T.F.H. Publications|year=1996|isbn=0-87666-543-1}} 4. ^1 2 {{FishBase|genus=Leiarius|species=marmoratus|year=2007|month=June}} 5. ^1 {{FishBase|genus=Leiarius|species=pictus|year=2007|month=June}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wetwebmedia.com/FWSubWebIndex/pimelodids.htm|title=Shovelnoses, Pictus, Tigers and More, The Antennae Catfishes, Family Pimelodidae|first=Robert|last=Fenner|accessdate=2007-06-22}} Bibliography
6 : Pimelodidae|Fish of South America|Fauna of the Amazon|Catfish genera|Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker|Freshwater fish genera |
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