| 词条 | Les Bois |
| 释义 |
| subject_name = Les Bois | municipality_name = Les Bois | municipality_type = municipality | imagepath_coa = Lesboisblason.jpg|pixel_coa= | map = | languages = French | canton = Jura | iso-code-region = CH-JU | district = Franches-Montagnes |coordinates = {{coord|47|11|N|06|54|E|display=inline,title}} |lat_NS=N|long_EW=E | postal_code = 2336 | municipality_code = 6742 | area = 24.7 | elevation = 1034|elevation_description=|lowest=Doubs|lowest_m=607|highest_m=1119 | population = 1087|populationof = December 2005 | website = www.lesbois.ch | mayor = Daniel Kurz|mayor_asof=2008|mayor_party= | mayor_title = Maire|list_of_mayors = | places = | demonym = | neighboring_municipalities= Le Noirmont, Saint-Imier (BE), Sonvilier (BE), La Ferrière (BE), La Chaux-de-Fonds (NE), Fournet-Blancheroche (F), Charquemont (F) | twintowns = |}} Les Bois is a municipality in the district of Franches-Montagnes in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. HistoryLes Bois is first mentioned in 1484 as Des Boix.[1] GeographyLes Bois has an area of {{Swiss area|6742|mi=on}}.{{Swiss area data|6742|QUELLE}} Of this area, {{convert|14|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 56.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|9.27|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 37.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, {{convert|1.36|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} or 5.5% is settled (buildings or roads), {{convert|0.11|km2|acre|abbr=on}} or 0.4% is either rivers or lakes.[1] Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.5%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.8%. Out of the forested land, 31.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 6.0% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 32.6% is pastures and 23.5% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is in lakes.[1] The municipality is located in the Franches-Montagnes district. It is the largest municipality in the canton. It consists of the village of Les Bois and nine hamlets. The municipalities of Le Bémont, Les Bois, Les Breuleux, La Chaux-des-Breuleux, Les Enfers, Les Genevez, Lajoux, Montfaucon, Muriaux, Le Noirmont, Saignelégier, Saint-Brais and Soubey are considering a merger on at a date in the future into the new municipality of Franches-Montagnes.[2] Coat of armsThe blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Argent, three Pine trees Vert trunked and radicated Sable issaunt from Coupeaux Gules. The three trees are an example of canting since Les Bois means the woods.[3] DemographicsLes Bois has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-JU}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-JU|6742}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-JU}} {{as of|2008}}, 9.7% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[4] Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 14.7%. Migration accounted for 12.2%, while births and deaths accounted for 3%.[5] Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks French (958 or 93.1%) as their first language, German is the second most common (46 or 4.5%) and Italian is the third (6 or 0.6%).[8] {{as of|2008}}, the population was 50.2% male and 49.8% female. The population was made up of 519 Swiss men (44.9% of the population) and 61 (5.3%) non-Swiss men. There were 524 Swiss women (45.4%) and 51 (4.4%) non-Swiss women.[6] Of the population in the municipality, 466 or about 45.3% were born in Les Bois and lived there in 2000. There were 128 or 12.4% who were born in the same canton, while 287 or 27.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 109 or 10.6% were born outside of Switzerland.[8]{{as of|2000}}, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 29.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 54.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 16.1%.[5]{{as of|2000}}, there were 468 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 474 married individuals, 48 widows or widowers and 39 individuals who are divorced.[7]{{as of|2000}}, there were 373 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household.[5] There were 97 households that consist of only one person and 48 households with five or more people. {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, a total of 364 apartments (79.0% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 65 apartments (14.1%) were seasonally occupied and 32 apartments (6.9%) were empty.[8] {{as of|2009}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 2.6 new units per 1000 residents.[5] The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2010|alt=in 2010}}, was 1.16%.[5]The historical population is given in the following chart:[9][10] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:1020 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:1700 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:300 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:60 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1818 from:start till:1060 text:"1,060" bar:1850 from:start till:1339 text:"1,339" bar:1860 from:start till:1691 text:"1,691" bar:1870 from:start till:1697 text:"1,697" bar:1880 from:start till:1625 text:"1,625" bar:1888 from:start till:1575 text:"1,575" bar:1900 from:start till:1456 text:"1,456" bar:1910 from:start till:1323 text:"1,323" bar:1920 from:start till:1171 text:"1,171" bar:1930 from:start till:1153 text:"1,153" bar:1941 from:start till:1079 text:"1,079" bar:1950 from:start till:1064 text:"1,064" bar:1960 from:start till:1098 text:"1,098" bar:1970 from:start till:1110 text:"1,110" bar:1980 from:start till:917 text:"917" bar:1990 from:start till:974 text:"974" bar:2000 from:start till:1029 text:"1,029" PoliticsIn the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SPS which received 36.67% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CSP (22.96%), the CVP (16.64%) and the SVP (13.1%). In the federal election, a total of 327 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 40.8%.[11] Economy{{as of|2010|In 2010}}, Les Bois had an unemployment rate of 4.8%. {{as of|2008}}, there were 128 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 47 businesses involved in this sector. 246 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 17 businesses in this sector. 116 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 30 businesses in this sector.[5] There were 497 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 43.5% of the workforce.{{as of|2008|alt=In 2008}} the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 421. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 86, of which 81 were in agriculture and 5 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 242 of which 222 or (91.7%) were in manufacturing and 19 (7.9%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 93. In the tertiary sector; 28 or 30.1% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 8 or 8.6% were in the movement and storage of goods, 24 or 25.8% were in a hotel or restaurant, 3 or 3.2% were in the information industry, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 8 or 8.6% were technical professionals or scientists, 8 or 8.6% were in education and 3 or 3.2% were in health care.[12]{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 198 workers who commuted into the municipality and 281 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 32.8% of the workforce coming into Les Bois are coming from outside Switzerland.[13] Of the working population, 8% used public transportation to get to work, and 60% used a private car.[5]ReligionFrom the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 668 or 64.9% were Roman Catholic, while 177 or 17.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.19% of the population), and there were 42 individuals (or about 4.08% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 13 (or about 1.26% of the population) who were Islamic. 106 (or about 10.30% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 40 individuals (or about 3.89% of the population) did not answer the question.[7] EducationIn Les Bois about 319 or (31.0%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 80 or (7.8%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 80 who completed tertiary schooling, 55.0% were Swiss men, 31.3% were Swiss women, 7.5% were non-Swiss men and 6.3% were non-Swiss women.[7] The Canton of Jura school system provides two year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school followed by some form of Tertiary school or they may enter an apprenticeship.[14] During the 2009-10 school year, there were a total of 118 students attending 7 classes in Les Bois. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 21 students in the municipality.[15] The municipality had 6 primary classes and 97 students.[16] There are only nine Secondary schools in the canton, so all the students from Les Bois attend their secondary school in another municipality. {{as of|2000}}, there were 3 students in Les Bois who came from another municipality, while 93 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[13]References1. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data {{de icon}} accessed 25 March 2010 2. ^Amtliches Gemeindeverzeichnis der Schweiz {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513185140/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/nomenklaturen/blank/blank/gem_liste/03.html |date=13 May 2016 }} published by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office {{de icon}} accessed 21 December 2011 3. ^Flags of the World.com {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304061933/http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ch-ju037.html |date=4 March 2016 }} accessed 5 January 2012 4. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628151016/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html |date=28 June 2010 }} {{de icon}} accessed 19 June 2010 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Swiss Federal Statistical Office {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=5 January 2016 }} accessed 5 January 2012 6. ^Canton Jura Statistics- Population résidante permanente au 1er janvier 2010, canton du Jura et communes {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426062717/http://www.fistat.ch/extranet/groups/public/documents/documents/4123230.pdf |date=26 April 2012 }} {{fr icon}} accessed 2 March 2011 7. ^1 2 3 4 STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409212530/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.3%20-%202000/40.3%20-%202000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=3&openChild=true |date=9 April 2014 }} {{de icon}} accessed 2 February 2011 8. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907111534/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=7 September 2014 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 9. ^1 {{HDS|2956|Les Bois}} 10. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930162751/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_40%20-%20Eidgen%C3%B6ssische%20Volksz%C3%A4hlung/40.4%20-%201850-2000/40.4%20-%201850-2000.asp?lang=1&prod=40&secprod=4&openChild=true |date=30 September 2014 }} {{de icon}} accessed 29 January 2011 11. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514211354/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/04/03.html |date=14 May 2015 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 May 2010 12. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141225013454/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_06%20-%20Industrie%20und%20Dienstleistungen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen/06.2%20-%20Unternehmen.asp?lang=1&prod=06&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=25 December 2014 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 January 2011 13. ^1 [https://archive.is/20120804043150/http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb] {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010 14. ^{{Cite report |title=Kantonale Schulstrukturen in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein / Structures Scolaires Cantonales en Suisse et Dans la Principauté du Liechtenstein |url= http://edudoc.ch/record/35128/files/Schulsystem_alle.pdf |author= EDK/CDIP/IDES |year= 2010 |accessdate= 24 June 2010 }} 15. ^Effectifs de l'école enfantine 2009-2010 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120414205710/http://www.jura.ch/DFCS/SEN/Ecole-jurassienne/Ecole-enfantine/Ecole-enfantine.html |date=14 April 2012 }} {{fr icon}} accessed 19 December 2011 16. ^Effectifs de l'école primaire {{fr icon}} accessed 19 December 2011 External links{{commons category}}
1 : Municipalities of the canton of Jura |
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