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词条 Libertarian Democrat
释义

  1. Ideology

  2. History

      Modern era  

  3. Public figures

      US House of Representatives   Senators    Governors    State Representatives    Authors and scholars    Others  

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{redirect|Freedom Democrat|the rival to the official Mississippi Democratic Party in the 1960s|Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party}}{{Libertarianism in the United States sidebar|expanded=Related}}

In American politics, a libertarian Democrat is a member of the Democratic Party with political views that are relatively libertarian compared to the views of the national party.[1][2]

While other factions of the Democratic Party are organized in the Congress, like with the Congressional Progressive Caucus, Blue Dog Coalition and the New Democrat Coalition, the libertarian faction is not organized in such a way.

Ideology

Libertarian Democrats support the majority of positions of the Democratic Party, but they do not necessarily share identical viewpoints across the political spectrum; that is, they are more likely to support individual and personal freedoms, although rhetorically within the context of Democratic values.[3]

Libertarian Democrats oppose NSA warrantless surveillance. In 2013, well over half the House Democrats (111 of 194) voted to defund the NSA's telephone phone surveillance program.[4]

Representative Jared Polis, a libertarian-oriented Democrat, wrote in Reason magazine: "I believe that libertarians should vote for Democratic candidates, particularly as our Democratic nominees are increasingly more supportive of individual liberty and freedom than Republicans".[5] He cited opposition to the Stop Online Piracy Act, support for the legalization of marijuana, support for the separation of church and state, support for abortion rights and individual bodily autonomy, opposition to mass surveillance and support for tax-code reform as areas where the majority of Democrats align well with libertarian values.[5]

While maintaining a relatively libertarian ideology, they may differ with the Libertarian Party on issues such as consumer protection, health care reform, anti-trust laws and the overall amount of government involvement in the economy.[3]

History

Modern era

After election losses in 2004, the Democratic Party reexamined its position on gun control which became a matter of discussion, brought up by Howard Dean, Bill Richardson, Brian Schweitzer and other Democrats who had won in states where Second Amendment rights are important to many voters. The resulting stance on gun control brought in libertarian minded voters, influencing other beliefs.

In the 2010s, following the revelations by Edward Snowden about NSA surveillance in 2013 the increasing advent of online decentralization and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, the perceived failure of the war on drugs and the police violence in places like Ferguson, Democratic lawmakers such as Senators Ron Wyden, Kirsten Gilibrand and Cory Booker and Representative Jared Polis have worked alongside libertarian Republicans like Senator Rand Paul and Representative Justin Amash to curb what is seen as government overreach in each of these areas, earning plaudits from such traditional libertarian sources as Reason magazine.[6][7][8][9] The growing political power of Silicon Valley, a longtime Democratic stronghold that is friendly to economic deregulation and strong civil liberties protections while maintaining traditionally liberal views on social issues, has also seriously affected the increasingly libertarian leanings of young Democrats.[10][11][12]

The libertarian faction has influenced the presidential level as well in the post-Bush era. Alaska Senator and presidential aspirant Mike Gravel left the Democratic Party midway through the 2008 presidential election cycle to seek the Libertarian Party presidential nomination[13] and many anti-war and civil libertarian Democrats were energized by the 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns of Ron Paul.[14][15] This constituency has arguably embraced the 2016 presidential campaign of independent Democrat Bernie Sanders for the same reasons.[16][17] In the state of New Hampshire, libertarians operating from the Free State Project have been elected to various offices running as a mixture of both Republicans and Democrats. [18][19] A 2015 Reuters poll found that 22% of Democratic voters identified themselves as "libertarian," more than the percentage of Republicans but less than the percentage of independents.[20]

Public figures

US House of Representatives

  • Representative Jared Polis of Colorado — described as "left-libertarianish"[21] and the "most libertarian-leaning Democrat" in Congress, Polis has since "entering office in 2009, [...] emerged as a leading voice on civil liberties, from gun rights to online privacy, from defending Bitcoin to advocating legal weed".[22] Polis has written an op-ed in Reason magazine arguing that libertarian-inclined citizens should vote for Democrats.[23] Polis has emphasized digital freedom issues and opposition to mass surveillance and warrantless wiretapping.[23] He is an occasional Democratic visitor to the otherwise Republican-dominated House Liberty Caucus.[24] Polis also advocates single-payer health insurance (a "Medicare for all" model) and preschool being added to public education.
  • Former Representative Tim Penny of Minnesota — described as a fiscal conservative, Penny worked for the libertarian-leaning Cato Institute after leaving Congress.[25]

Senators

  • Senator Cory Booker of New Jersey — described by a longtime friend as having a "libertarian bent" as mayor of Newark, New Jersey. However, he "drew criticism from liberal allies for embracing charter schools and voucher programs advocated by libertarians". He also championed "enterprise zones", a free-market approach to solving urban blight credited to the late Jack Kemp, a" hard-core supply-sider and occasional Republican presidential contender who helped raise money for Booker's first mayoral campaign".[26] Daniel J. Mitchell of the Cato Institute identities Booker as having libertarian views in opposition to the war on drugs.[27]
  • Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon — known for civil libertarian views and cooperation with libertarian Republican Senator Rand Paul in efforts against the use of domestic drones and warrantless surveillance.[28][29]
  • Former Senator Russ Feingold of Wisconsin — known for civil libertarian views and for being the sole senator to vote against the USA Patriot Act in 2001.[30][31]
  • Former Senator Mike Gravel of Alaska — after his time in the Senate, Gravel unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2008, switching to the Libertarian Party the same year and losing its nomination as well (see Mike Gravel 2008 presidential campaign).[32][33]

Governors

  • Former Governor Bill Richardson of New Mexico.[34]
  • Former Governor Brian Schweitzer of Montana.[35][36]

State Representatives

  • Elizabeth Edwards, New Hampshire House of Representatives [37]
  • Amanda Bouldin, New Hampshire House of Representatives [38]

Authors and scholars

  • Camille Paglia, educator and feminist author.[39][40]

Others

  • KGO Radio host and former presidential candidate Gene Burns.[41]
  • Former Democratic National Committee Press Secretary Terry Michael.[42]

See also

{{Portal|Libertarianism}}{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
  • Blue Dog Coalition
  • Factions in the Democratic Party
  • Conservative Democrat
  • Green libertarianism
  • Left-libertarianism
  • Libertarian feminism
  • Libertarian perspectives on political alliances
  • Libertarian Republican
  • Rockefeller Republican

}}

References

1. ^{{cite news| title = Reclaiming our Jeffersonian liberal heritage, with a back to the future re-branding of the Democratic Party| url = http://www.terrymichael.net/Htm_SiteArticles/LibDemManifestoJuly4_2006.htm| work = TerryMichael.net| publisher = Terry Michael| location = Washington| date = 2006-07-04| accessdate = 2011-06-22| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110721005514/http://www.terrymichael.net/Htm_SiteArticles/LibDemManifestoJuly4_2006.htm| archive-date = 2011-07-21| dead-url = yes| df = }}
2. ^{{cite news| title = Now playing at Reason.tv: Interview with a libertarian Democrat!| url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6v4NF5SZ4_Y| work = YouTube.com| publisher = YouTube LLC| location = Mountain View, Calif.| date = 2008-08-28| accessdate = 2011-06-22}}
3. ^1 {{cite web|last=Moulitsas |first=Markos |url=http://www.dailykos.com/story/2006/06/07/216688/-The-Libertarian-Dem |title=The Libertarian Dem |publisher=The Daily Kos |date=2006-07-07 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
4. ^{{cite news|last=Blake |first=Aaron |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/08/01/libertarian-democrats-a-movement-in-search-of-a-leader/ |title=Libertarian Democrats: A movement in search of a leader |publisher=Washington Post |date=2013-08-01 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
5. ^1 {{cite web|last=Polis |first=Jared |url=http://reason.com/archives/2014/10/30/vote-democrat-for-real-libertarian-value |title=Vote Democratic for Real Libertarian Values |publisher=Reason Magazine |date=2014-10-30 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
6. ^{{cite web|last=Lake |first=Eli |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/26/rand-paul-and-ron-wyden-drone-odd-couple.htm |title=Rand Paul and Ron Wyden, Drone Odd-Couple |publisher=The Daily Beast |date=2013-02-26 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}{{Dead link|date=June 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web|last=Shackford |first=Scott |url=http://reason.com/blog/2014/03/05/ban-the-dollar |title=Ban the Dollar! |publisher=Reason Magazine |date=2014-03-04 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
8. ^{{cite web|last=Voorhees |first=Josh |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2015/03/senate_medical_marijuana_bill_rand_paul_cory_booker_and_kirsten_gillibrand.html |title=Pot's Path Forward |publisher=Slate |date=2015-03-13 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
9. ^{{cite web|last=Kim |first=Seung Min |url=http://www.politico.com/story/2014/07/cory-booker-rand-paul-team-up-108640.html |title=Cory Booker and Rand Paul team up for justice |publisher=Politico |date=2014-07-08 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
10. ^{{cite web|last=Roose |first=Kevin |url=http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2013/01/political-leanings-of-silicon-valley.html |title=Political Leanings of Silicon Valley |publisher=New York Magazine |date=2013-01-24}}
11. ^{{cite news|last=Kotkin |first=Joel |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/joelkotkin/2014/01/09/how-silicon-valley-could-destabilize-the-democratic-party/ |title=How Silicon Valley Could Destabilize the Democratic Party |publisher=Forbes |date=2014-01-09 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
12. ^{{cite news|last=Hamby |first=Peter |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/12/politics/silicon-valley-democrats/ |title=Can Silicon Valley disrupt the Democratic Party? |publisher=CNN |date=2014-04-07 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
13. ^{{cite news|last=Wheaton |first=Sarah |url=http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/03/26/gravel-to-run-for-libertarian-nod/ |title=Gravel to Run for Libertarian Nod |publisher=The New York Times |date=2008-03-26 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
14. ^{{cite news|last=Steinmetz |first=Katy |url=http://swampland.time.com/2011/12/30/why-ron-paul-has-appeal-beyond-the-gop/ |title=Six Reasons Ron Paul Has Appeal Beyond the GOP |publisher=Time Magazine |date=2011-12-30 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
15. ^{{cite news|last=Koerner |first=Robin |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robin-koerner/ron-paul-dennis-flynn_b_1552072.html |title=Blue Republican or Red Democrat? The reEVOLution Crosses Party Lines |publisher=The Huffington Post |date=2012-05-29 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
16. ^{{cite news|last=Schwarz |first=Hunter |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2015/05/01/why-bernie-sanders-is-the-democratic-ron-paul-and-why-he-isnt/ |title=Why Bernie Sanders is the Democratic Ron Paul – And Why He Isn't |publisher=Washington Post |date=2015-05-01 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
17. ^{{cite web|last=Weber |first=Peter |url=http://theweek.com/articles/553134/why-bernie-sanders-ron-paul-2016 |title=Why Bernie Sanders is the Ron Paul of 2016 |publisher=The Week |date=2015-05-04 |accessdate=2015-06-06}}
18. ^{{cite web |title=Free State Project Watch: Candidate List 2016 |url=https://freestateprojectwatch.org/free-state-project-watch-candidate-list-2016/ |website=fsp.org |accessdate=19 March 2019}}
19. ^{{cite web |last1=O'Brien |first1=Jack |title=How the Free State Project Is Influencing New Hampshire Politics |url=https://www.insidesources.com/free-state-project-influencing-new-hampshire-politics/ |accessdate=19 March 2019}}
20. ^{{cite web |last1=Welch |first1=Matt |title=19% of Americans Self-Identify as Libertarians, New Reuters Poll Finds |url=https://reason.com/blog/2015/04/30/19-of-americans-self-identify-as-liberta |website=Reason.com |accessdate=31 March 2019}}
21. ^{{cite web|author=Scott Shackford |url=http://reason.com/blog/2014/03/05/ban-the-dollar |title=Ban the Dollar!|magazine=Reason|date=April 5, 2014}}
22. ^Scott Shackford, The Gamer Congressman: Is Rep. Jared Polis the first in a wave of libertarian-leaning video game enthusiasts?, Reason (June 2014).
23. ^1 Jared Polis, Vote Democrat for Real Libertarian Values, Reason (October 30, 2014).
24. ^Robert Draper, [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/10/magazine/has-the-libertarian-moment-finally-arrived.html Has the 'Libertarian Moment' Finally Arrived?], New York Times Magazine (August 7, 2014).
25. ^{{cite news| title = Profile: Tim Penny| url = http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/200209/12_khoom_pennyprofile/index.shtml| work = Campaign 2002| publisher = Minnesota Public Radio| location = St. Paul, Minn.| date = 2002-09-12| accessdate = 2011-06-22}}
26. ^{{cite web|last=Eidelson |first=Josh |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-07-17/rand-paul-and-cory-bookers-washington-love-affair|title=Rand Paul and Cory Booker's Washington Love Affair|publisher=Bloomberg |date=July 17, 2014}}
27. ^{{cite web|last=Daniel |first=Mitchell J.|url=https://danieljmitchell.wordpress.com/2012/07/17/cory-bookers-libertarian-case-against-the-drug-war/|title=Cory Booker's Libertarian Case Against the Drug War|date=July 18, 2012}}
28. ^{{cite web|last=Jacobs |first=Ben |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/26/rand-paul-and-ron-wyden-drone-odd-couple.html |title=Rand Paul and Ron Wyden, Drone Odd-Couple |publisher=The Daily Beast |date=2013-02-26 |accessdate=2013-08-31 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130604052723/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/02/26/rand-paul-and-ron-wyden-drone-odd-couple.html |archivedate=June 4, 2013 }}
29. ^Nick Gillespie, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/five-myths-about-libertarians/2013/08/02/94737b2c-f9f4-11e2-a369-d1954abcb7e3_story.html Five myths about libertarians], Washington Post (August 2, 2013).
30. ^Conor Friedersdorf, [https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/06/russ-feingold-tried-to-warn-us-about-section-215-of-the-patriot-act/276878/ Russ Feingold Tried to Warn Us About Section 215 of the Patriot Act], The Atlantic (June 14, 2013).
31. ^Jesse Walker, A Farewell to Feingold, Reason (November 3, 2010).
32. ^Sarah Wheaton, Gravel to Run for Libertarian Nod, New York Times (March 26, 2008).
33. ^"Libertarian Party" in Historical Dictionary of United States Political Parties (ed. Harold F. Bass Jr.: Scarecrow Press: 2d ed., 2009), p. 180: "Among the more prominent Democrats in the Libertarian camp is former senator Mike Gravel ... who ran unsuccessfully for the presidential nominations of both the Democratic and Libertarian parties in 2008."
34. ^David Weigel, The Real Bill Richardson: Is the presidential contender a libertarian Democrat?, Reason (August/September 2007).
35. ^{{cite news| title = Markos Moulitsas: the case for the libertarian Democrat| url = http://www.cato-unbound.org/2006/10/02/markos-moulitsas/the-case-for-the-libertarian-democrat| work = Cato Unbound| publisher = Cato Institute| location = Washington| date = 2006-10-02| accessdate = 2011-06-22}}
36. ^{{cite news| title = Whatever happened to the libertarian Democrat?| url = http://www.reason.com/archives/2008/08/27/whatever-happened-to-the-liber| work = Reason.com| publisher = Reason Magazine| location = Los Angeles| date = 2008-08-27| accessdate = 2011-06-22}}
37. ^{{cite web |last1=QUIMBY |first1=Taylor |url=https://www.nhpr.org/post/you-asked-we-answered-what-free-state-project |website=nhpr.org |accessdate=20 March 2019}}
38. ^{{cite web |title=Amanda Bouldin (Hillsborough District 12: Manchester Ward 5) |url=https://freestateprojectwatch.org/amanda-bouldin-hillsborough-district-12-manchester-ward-5/ |website=freestateprojectwatch.org |accessdate=20 March 2019}}
39. ^{{cite news| title = Idea flying, a maverick breaks the feminist mold| url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=06AaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=kywEAAAAIBAJ&dq=camille%20paglia&pg=1706%2C3894467| work = The Milwaukee Journal| publisher = Journal Communications Inc.| location = Milwaukee, Wisc.| date = 1992-12-06| accessdate = 2011-06-22}}
40. ^{{cite news| title = Hark, a libertarian looks to her right| url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/Julia-Baird/Hark-a-libertarian-looks-to-her-right/2005/04/18/1113676702351.html| work = The Sydney Morning Herald| publisher = John Fairfax Holdings| location = Sydney, Australia| date = 2005-04-19| accessdate = 2005-04-19}}
41. ^{{cite news|title=I have re-registered as a Democrat |url=http://www.kgoam810.com/Article.asp?id=586387 |work=KGO-AM Radio |publisher=KGO-AM Radio |location=San Francisco |year=2008 |accessdate=2011-06-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216074814/http://kgoam810.com/Article.asp?id=586387 |archivedate=December 16, 2010 }}
42. ^{{cite news| title = Why won't the Dems show some leadership on Iraq?| url = http://www.reason.com/blog/2007/01/11/why-wont-the-dems-show-some-le| work = Reason.com| publisher = Reason Magazine| location = Los Angeles| date = 2007-01-11| accessdate = 2011-06-22}}

External links

  • Arnold Kling. Dear Libertarian Democrats...
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20091029151444/http://www.dem.cc/libertarian_democrat/ Dem.cc: Libertarian Democrat]
  • Liberal Values: Defending Liberty and Enlightened Thought
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20150512080213/http://libertariandemocraticcaucus.org/ Libertarian Democratic Caucus]
  • [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/08/01/libertarian-democrats-a-movement-in-search-of-a-leader/ "Libertarian Democrats: A movement in search of a leader"]. The Washington Post.

3 : Classical liberalism|Libertarianism in the United States|Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)
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