| 词条 | Life insurance trust |
| 释义 |
A life insurance trust is an irrevocable, non-amendable trust which is both the owner and beneficiary of one or more life insurance policies.[1] Upon the death of the insured, the trustee invests the insurance proceeds and administers the trust for one or more beneficiaries. If the trust owns insurance on the life of a married person, the non-insured spouse and children are often beneficiaries of the insurance trust. If the trust owns "second to die" or survivorship insurance which only pays when both spouses are deceased, only the children would be beneficiaries of the insurance trust. In the United States, proper ownership of life insurance is important if the insurance proceeds are to escape federal estate taxation.[2] If the policy is owned by the insured, the proceeds will be subject to estate tax. (This assumes that the aggregate value of the estate plus the life insurance is large enough to be subject to estate taxes.)[3] To avoid estate taxation, some insureds name a child, spouse or other beneficiary as the owner of the policy. There are drawbacks to having insurance proceeds paid outright to a child, spouse, or other beneficiary.
The solution to both drawbacks is usually an irrevocable life insurance trust. If possible, the trustee of the insurance trust should be the original applicant and owner of the insurance. If the insured transfers an existing policy to the insurance trust, the transfer will be recognized by the Internal Revenue Service only if the insured survives the date of the transfer by not less than three years.[4] If the insured dies within this three-year period, the transfer will be ignored and the proceeds will be included in the insured's taxable estate. Insurance trusts may be funded or nonfunded. A funded life insurance trust owns both one or more insurance contracts and income producing assets. The income from the assets is used to pay some or all of the premiums. Funded insurance trusts are not commonly used for two reasons:
Unfunded insurance trusts own one or more insurance policies and are funded by annual gifts from the grantor. Customarily, the trustee of the insurance trust is authorized, but not required, to either purchase assets from the insured's estate or loan insurance proceeds to his or her estate. Since the trustee of the insurance trust possesses all incidents of ownership in the insurance policy, the insurance trust provides the insured's estate with liquidity while shielding the insurance proceeds or assets purchased with the proceeds from estate tax when the insured dies, provided the trust has the appropriate settlor and trustee. References1. ^The Use of Life Insurance In Estate Planning: A Guide To Planning And Drafting, Jon J. Gallo, Fall 1999 Real Property, Probate and Trust Journal, American Bar Association 2. ^{{cite web|title=Internal Revenue Code Section 2042(1)&(2)|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/2042}} 3. ^In 2011, the threshold for estate taxation is $5,000,000.{{cite web|title=Internal Revenue Code Section 2010(c)(3)(a)|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Internal Revenue Code Section 2035|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/2035}} http://www.einsurance.cf/2015/02/permanent-types-of-life-insurance.html 1 : Life insurance |
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