词条 | Lightest Supersymmetric Particle |
释义 |
In particle physics, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the generic name given to the lightest of the additional hypothetical particles found in supersymmetric models. In models with R-parity conservation, the LSP is stable; in other words, the LSP cannot decay into any Standard Model particle, since all SM particles have the opposite R-parity. There is extensive observational evidence for an additional component of the matter density in the Universe that goes under the name dark matter. The LSP of supersymmetric models is a dark matter candidate and is a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP).[1] Constraints on LSP from cosmologyThe LSP is unlikely to be a charged wino, charged higgsino, slepton, sneutrino, gluino, squark, or gravitino but is most likely a mixture of neutral higgsinos, the bino and the neutral winos,[2] i.e. a neutralino. In particular, if the LSP were charged (and is abundant in our galaxy) such particles would have been captured by the Earth's magnetic field and form heavy hydrogen-like atoms.[3] Searches for anomalous hydrogen in natural water[4] however have been without any evidence for such particles and thus put severe constraints on the existence of a charged LSP. Lightest Supersymmetric Particle as a dark matter candidateDark matter particles must be electrically neutral; otherwise they would scatter light and thus not be "dark". They must also almost certainly be non-colored.[5] With these constraints, the LSP could be the lightest neutralino, the gravitino, or the lightest sneutrino.
In extra-dimensional theories, there are analogous particles called LKPs or Lightest Kaluza-Klein Particle. These are the stable particles of extra-dimensional theories.[7] See also
References1. ^{{cite journal |author1=Jungman, Gerard |author2=Kamionkowski, Marc |author3=Griest, Kim | title=Supersymmetric dark matter |volume=267 |issue=5–6 |pages=195–373 |journal=Phys. Rep. |doi=10.1016/0370-1573(95)00058-5|arxiv = hep-ph/9506380 |bibcode = 1996PhR...267..195J |year=1996 }} {{Dark matter}}{{particle-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal |author1=Ellis, John R. | author2=Hagelin, J.S.| author3=Nanopoulos, Dimitri V. |author4=Olive, Keith A.| author5=Srednicki, M. |date=July 1983 | title=Supersymmetric Relics from the Big Bang|volume=B238 | issue=2|pages=453–476 |journal=Nucl. Phys. |doi=10.1016/0550-3213(84)90461-9 |bibcode = 1984NuPhB.238..453E }} 3. ^{{Cite journal|arxiv=hep-ph/0202252|last1=Byrne|first1=Mark|title=Bounds on Charged, Stable Superpartners from Cosmic Ray Production|journal=Physical Review D|volume=66|issue=7|pages=075007|last2=Kolda|first2=Christopher|last3=Regan|first3=Peter|date=2002|doi=10.1103/PhysRevD.66.075007|bibcode = 2002PhRvD..66g5007B |citeseerx=10.1.1.348.1389}} 4. ^{{cite journal|author1=Smith, P.F. | author2=Bennett, J.R.J.| author3=Homer, G.J. |author4=Lewin, J.D. | author5=Walford, H.E.| author6=Smith, W.A. |date=November 1981 | title=A search for anomalous hydrogen in enriched D2O, using a time-of-flight spectrometer|volume=B206 | issue=3|pages=333–348 |journal=Nucl. Phys. |doi=10.1016/0550-3213(82)90271-1 |bibcode = 1982NuPhB.206..333S }} 5. ^{{cite journal |last=McGuire |first=Patrick C. |last2=Steinhardt |first2=Paul |date=May 2001 |title=Cracking open the window for strongly interacting massive particles as the halo dark matter |arxiv=astro-ph/0105567 |bibcode=2001ICRC....4.1566M |volume=4 |pages=1566 |journal=Proceedings of the 27th International Cosmic Ray Conference. 07-15 August}} 6. ^{{cite journal |last=Tucker-Smith |first= David. |author2=Weiner, Neal |date=February 2004 |title=The Status of inelastic dark matter |arxiv= hep-ph/0402065|bibcode = 2005PhRvD..72f3509T |doi = 10.1103/PhysRevD.72.063509 |journal=Physical Review D |volume=72 |issue=6 |pages= 063509 }} 7. ^{{cite journal |last=Servant |first= Geraldine. |author2=Tait, Tim M.P. |date=September 2003 |title=Is the Lightest Kaluza-Klein Particle a Viable Dark Matter Candidate? |arxiv= hep-ph/0206071|bibcode = 2003NuPhB.650..391S |doi = 10.1016/S0550-3213(02)01012-X |journal=Nuclear Physics B |volume=650 |issue= 1–2 |pages=391–419 }} 3 : Dark matter|Supersymmetry|Hypothetical particles |
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