| 词条 | Limonin |
| 释义 |
| Verifiedfields = changed | verifiedrevid = 477498078 | ImageFile = Limonin.svg | ImageSize = | ImageFile1 = Limonin molecule ball.png | ImageSize1 = 220 | ImageAlt1 = Ball-and-stick model of limonin | IUPACName = 7,16-Dioxo-7,16-dideoxylimondiol | OtherNames = limonoate D-ring-lactone, limonoic acid di-delta-lactone |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}} | CASNo = 1180-71-8 | ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEBI = 16226 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 517449 | PubChem = 179651 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 156367 | SMILES = O=C4[C@@]6(C)[C@@]72O[C@@H]7C(=O)O[C@@H](c1ccoc1)[C@]2(C)CC[C@@H]6[C@]35COC(=O)C[C@@H]5OC([C@@H]3C4)(C)C | InChI = 1/C26H30O8/c1-22(2)15-9-16(27)24(4)14(25(15)12-31-18(28)10-17(25)33-22)5-7-23(3)19(13-6-8-30-11-13)32-21(29)20-26(23,24)34-20/h6,8,11,14-15,17,19-20H,5,7,9-10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,15-,17-,19-,20+,23-,24-,25+,26+/m0/s1 | InChIKey = KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVBF | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C26H30O8/c1-22(2)15-9-16(27)24(4)14(25(15)12-31-18(28)10-17(25)33-22)5-7-23(3)19(13-6-8-30-11-13)32-21(29)20-26(23,24)34-20/h6,8,11,14-15,17,19-20H,5,7,9-10,12H2,1-4H3/t14-,15-,17-,19-,20+,23-,24-,25+,26+/m0/s1 | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = KBDSLGBFQAGHBE-MSGMIQHVSA-N |Section2={{Chembox Properties | Formula = C26H30O8 | MolarMass = 470.52 g/mol | Appearance = | Density = | MeltingPt = | BoilingPt = | Solubility = |Section3={{Chembox Hazards | MainHazards = | FlashPt = | AutoignitionPt = }}{{distinguish|Limonene}} Limonin is a limonoid, and a bitter, white, crystalline substance found in citrus and other plants. It is also known as limonoate D-ring-lactone and limonoic acid di-delta-lactone. Chemically, it is a member of the class of compounds known as furanolactones. SourcesLimonin is enriched in citrus fruits and is often found at higher concentrations in seeds, for example orange and lemon seeds. Limonin is present in plants such as those of the Dictamnus genus.[1] Presence in citrus productsLimonin and other limonoid compounds contribute to the bitter taste of some citrus food products. Researchers have proposed removal of limonoids from orange juice and other products (known as "debittering") through the use of polymeric films.[1] Bioactivity and researchOngoing research programs are examining the effects of limonin in human diseases. Citrus seed extracts reportedly have antiviral properties, inhibiting replication of retroviruses like HIV-1 and HTLV-I.[2] Neuroprotective effects of limonin have also been described.[3] Limonin reduces proliferation of colon cancer cells[4] and has been tested as an anti-obesity agent in mice.[5] References1. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Fayoux | first1 = S. P. C. | last2 = Hernandez | first2 = R. J. | last3 = Holland | first3 = R. V. | doi = 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00283.x | title = The Debittering of Navel Orange Juice Using Polymeric Films | journal = Journal of Food Science | volume = 72 | issue = 4 | pages = E143–E154 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17995766 | pmc = }} 2. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Balestrieri | first1 = E. | last2 = Pizzimenti | first2 = F. | last3 = Ferlazzo | first3 = A. | last4 = Giofrè | first4 = S. V. | last5 = Iannazzo | first5 = D. | last6 = Piperno | first6 = A. | last7 = Romeo | first7 = R. | last8 = Chiacchio | first8 = M. A. | last9 = Mastino | first9 = A. | doi = 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.01.024 | last10 = MacChi | first10 = B. | title = Antiviral activity of seed extract from Citrus bergamia towards human retroviruses | journal = Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 19 | issue = 6 | pages = 2084–2089 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21334901 | pmc = }} 3. ^1 {{Cite journal | last1 = Yoon | first1 = J. S. | last2 = Yang | first2 = H. | last3 = Kim | first3 = S. H. | last4 = Sung | first4 = S. H. | last5 = Kim | first5 = Y. C. | title = Limonoids from Dictamnus dasycarpus Protect Against Glutamate-induced Toxicity in Primary Cultured Rat Cortical Cells | doi = 10.1007/s12031-010-9333-1 | journal = Journal of Molecular Neuroscience | volume = 42 | issue = 1 | pages = 9–16 | year = 2010 | pmid = 20155333 | pmc = }} 4. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Chidambara Murthy | first1 = K. N. | last2 = Jayaprakasha | first2 = G. K. | last3 = Kumar | first3 = V. | last4 = Rathore | first4 = K. S. | last5 = Patil | first5 = B. S. | title = Citrus Limonin and Its Glucoside Inhibit Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation through Apoptosis | doi = 10.1021/jf104498p | journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | volume = 59 | issue = 6 | pages = 2314–2323 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21338095 | pmc = }} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Ono | first1 = E. | last2 = Inoue | first2 = J. | last3 = Hashidume | first3 = T. | last4 = Shimizu | first4 = M. | last5 = Sato | first5 = R. | title = Anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycemic effects of the dietary citrus limonoid nomilin in mice fed a high-fat diet | doi = 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.055 | journal = Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | volume = 410 | issue = 3 | pages = 677–681 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21693102 | pmc = }} External links
4 : Epoxides|Furans|Lactones|Terpenes and terpenoids |
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