| 词条 | Liquid paraffin (drug) |
| 释义 |
| drug_name = Liquiduim paraffinium | IUPAC_name = | image = | alt = | caption = | tradename = | Drugs.com = | MedlinePlus = | pregnancy_AU = | pregnancy_US = C | pregnancy_category= | legal_AU = | legal_CA = | legal_UK = | legal_US = | legal_status = otc | routes_of_administration = Topical, oral | bioavailability = | protein_bound = | metabolism = | elimination_half-life = | excretion = | CAS_number = 8012-95-1 | ATCvet = | ATC_prefix = A06 | ATC_suffix = AA01 | PubChemSubstance = 7979779 | DrugBank = | ChemSpiderID = none | chemical_formula = {{Chem|C|n | H|2n+2 }} | molecular_weight = }} Liquid paraffin, also known as paraffinum liquidum, is a very highly refined mineral oil used in cosmetics and for medical purposes. This is a UK definition (British Pharmacopoeia) and the term may have different uses in other countries. The cosmetic or medicinal liquid paraffin should not be confused with the paraffin (or kerosene) used as a fuel. The term paraffinum perliquidum is sometimes used to denote light liquid paraffin. Conversely, the term paraffinum subliquidum is sometimes used to denote a thicker mineral oil. Usage and side effects orally as laxativeLiquid paraffin is considered to have a limited usefulness as an occasional laxative, but is unsuitable for regular use as it can seep from the anus and cause irritation.{{Citation needed|reason=needs source of information|date=September 2016}} Efficacy of liquid paraffin is suggested by 2016 Cochrane review.[1] It might interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, though evidences seem low.[2] It can be absorbed into the intestinal wall{{Citation needed|reason=needs source of information|date=September 2016}}, and may cause foreign-body granulomatous reactions in some rat species but not in others and that reaction might not occur with human.[3] There are evidences suggesting the lack of carcinogenicity.[4] If it enters the lungs, it can cause lipoid pneumonia.[5] Liquid paraffin is also used in combination with magnesium as an osmotic laxative, sold under the trade name Mil-Par (among others).[6] Side effects if injectedCauses granulomatous reactions if injected.[7] See also
References1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Gordon|first=Morris|last2=MacDonald|first2=John K.|last3=Parker|first3=Claire E.|last4=Akobeng|first4=Anthony K.|last5=Thomas|first5=Adrian G.|date=2016-08-17|title=Osmotic and stimulant laxatives for the management of childhood constipation|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|issue=8|pages=CD009118|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD009118.pub3|issn=1469-493X|pmid=27531591}} {{Laxatives}}{{gastrointestinal-drug-stub}}2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Gal-Ezer|first=Sharon|last2=Shaoul|first2=Ron|date=November 2006|title=The safety of mineral oil in the treatment of constipation--a lesson from prolonged overdose|journal=Clinical Pediatrics|volume=45|issue=9|pages=856–858|doi=10.1177/0009922806295285|issn=0009-9228|pmid=17041175}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Fleming|first=null|last2=Zimmerman|first2=null|last3=Shubik|first3=null|date=February 1998|title=Granulomas in the livers of humans and fischer rats associated with the ingestion of mineral hydrocarbons: A comparison|journal=Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology|volume=27|issue=1 Pt 2|pages=75–81|doi=10.1006/rtph.1997.1109|issn=1096-0295|pmid=9618325}} 4. ^{{Cite journal|last=Shoda|first=T.|last2=Toyoda|first2=K.|last3=Uneyama|first3=C.|last4=Takada|first4=K.|last5=Takahashi|first5=M.|date=December 1997|title=Lack of carcinogenicity of medium-viscosity liquid paraffin given in the diet to F344 rats|journal=Food and Chemical Toxicology|volume=35|issue=12|pages=1181–1190|issn=0278-6915|pmid=9449224}} 5. ^Alan Nathan. [https://books.google.com/books?id=OPzQLLcS8cYC&pg=PA68 Non-prescription medicines]. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2006 [cited October 8, 2011]. {{ISBN|978-0-85369-644-5}}. p. 68. 6. ^{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Magnesium & Liquid Paraffin | work = | publisher = Patient UK | date = | url = http://www.patient.co.uk/showdoc/30003829/| format = | doi = | accessdate = }} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Sejben|first=István|last2=Rácz|first2=András|last3=Svébis|first3=Mihály|last4=Patyi|first4=Márta|last5=Cserni|first5=Gábor|date=August 2012|title=Petroleum jelly-induced penile paraffinoma with inguinal lymphadenitis mimicking incarcerated inguinal hernia|journal=Canadian Urological Association Journal|volume=6|issue=4|pages=E137–139|doi=10.5489/cuaj.11146|issn=1920-1214|pmc=3430719|pmid=23093564}} 2 : Excipients|Laxatives |
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