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词条 List of African animals extinct in the Holocene
释义

  1. Mammals

  2. Birds

  3. Reptiles

  4. Amphibians

  5. Fish

  6. Insects

  7. Crustacean

  8. Molluscs

  9. See also

  10. References

  11. External links

The list of extinct animals in Africa features the animals that have become extinct on the African continent and its islands, like Madagascar, Mauritius, Rodrigues, Réunion, Seychelles, Saint Helena, Cape Verde, etc. Only extinctions of the Holocene Epoch are included.

Mammals

Prehistoric extinctions (beginning of the Holocene to 1500 CE)
Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
Atlas wild ass
Equus africanus atlanticus
300
North African--
Canary Islands giant rat
Canariomys bravoi and Canariomys tamarani
Before 1500 AD
Spain (Canary Islands)
Giant aye-aye
Daubentonia robusta
1000 AD
Madagascar--
Giant fossa
Cryptoprocta spelea[1]
Unknown
Madagascar
Hipposideros besaoka
The largest insectivorous bat of Madagascar
10,000 BC
Madagascar--
Koala lemur
Megaladapis sp.
1420 AD
Madagascar
Lava mouse
Malpaisomys insularis
Before 1500
Spain (Canary Islands)--
Bibymalagasy
Plesiorycteropus sp.
200 BC
Madagascar--
Malagasy hippopotamus
Hippopotamus sp.[2][3]
1000 AD
Madagascar
Megalotragus sp.
Very large bovids
10,000 BC
Africa
Microgale macpheei
Type of shrew tenrec
100 AD
Madagascar--
North African elephant
Loxodonta africana pharaoensis
300 AD
North Africa
Pelorovis sp.
Very large, African buffalo-like bovid
2000 BC
Africa
Sivatherium sp.
Large, okapi-like giraffid
6000 BC
Africa
Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)
Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
Atlas bear
Ursus arctos crowtheri
1870s
North Africa
Aurochs
Bos primigenius[4]
Unknown (Africa),
1627(Europe)
North Africa
Bluebuck
Hippotragus leucophaeus[5]
1799
South Africa
Bubal hartebeest
Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus[6]
1925
North Africa
Cape lion
Panthera leo melanochaitus
1876
South Africa
Cape serval
Leptailurus serval serval
Unknown
South Africa--
Cape warthog
Phacochoerus aethiopicus aethiopicus
1900
South Africa--
Kenya oribi
Ourebia ourebi kenyae[7]
Unknown
Kenya--
Large sloth lemur
Palaeopropithecus sp.[8]
1500s
Madagascar
Lesser Mascarene flying fox
Pteropus subniger[9]
Early 19th century
Mauritius and France (Reunion)
Quagga
Equus quagga quagga[10]
August 12, 1883
Namibia and South Africa
Red gazelle
Eudorcas rufinaa[11]
1894
Algeria--
Robert's lechwe
Kobus leche robertsi[12]
Unknown
South Africa--
Western black rhinoceros
Diceros bicornis longipes[13]
1996
Cameroon
Possibly extinct
Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
De Winton's golden mole
Cryptochloris wintoni [14]
1907
South Africa--
Ethiopian amphibious rat
Nilopegamys plumbeus[15]
1927
Ethiopia--
Wimmer's shrew
Crocidura wimmeri [16]
1976
Côte d'Ivoire--

Birds

Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
Alaotra grebe
Tachybaptus rufolavatus
1985
Madagascar
Aldabra brush-warbler
Nesillas aldabrana
1983
Seychelles--
Ascension flightless crake
Mundia elpenor
1656?
United Kingdom (Ascension)
Ascension night heron
Nycticorax olsoni
1600s
United Kingdom (Ascension)--
Broad-billed parrot
Lophopsittacus mauritianus
1680
Mauritius
Canary Islands oystercatcher
Haematopus meadewaldoi
1940
Spain (Canary Islands)
Canary Islands quail
Coturnix gomerae
Unknown
Spain (Canary Islands)--
Delalande's coua
Coua delalandei
1834
Madagascar
Dodo
Raphus cucullatus
1662
Mauritius
Eastern Canary Islands chiffchaff
Phylloscopus canariensis exsul
1986
Spain (Canary Islands)--
Elephant bird
Aepyornis sp.
1600s
Madagascar
Lagrand's ground roller
Brachypteracias lagrandi
Unknown
Madagascar--
Large Saint Helena petrel
Pseudobulweria rupinarum
early 16th century
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)--
Madeiran wood pigeon
Columba palumbus maderensis
1924
Portugal (Madeira)--
Mascarene coot
Fulica newtoni
1693?
Mauritius and France (Reunion)
Mascarene grey parakeet
Psittacula bensoni
1764?
Mauritius--
Mascarene parrot
Mascarinus mascarinus
1834
France (Reunion)
Mauritian duck
Anas theodori
1690s
Mauritius and France (Reunion)--
Mauritian shelduck
Alopochen mauritianus
1690s
Mauritius and France (Reunion)--
Mauritius blue pigeon
Alectroenas nitidissimus
1830s
Mauritius
Mauritius grey parrot
Psittacula bensoni
1764
Mauritius and France (Reunion)--
Mauritius night-heron
Nycticorax mauritianus
Late 17th century
Mauritius--
Mauritius owl
Mascarenotus sauzieri
1850
Mauritius
Mauritius starling
Cryptopsar ischyrhynchus
Holocene Epoch
Mauritius--
Newton's parakeet
Psittacula exsul
1875
Mauritius
Red rail
Aphanapteryx bonasia
1700s
Mauritius
Réunion flightless ibis
Threskiornis solitarius
Early 18th century
France (Réunion)
Réunion gallinule
Porphyrio coerulescens
1730
France (Réunion)
Réunion kestrel
Falco duboisi
1700s
France (Reunion)--
Réunion night-heron
Nycticorax duboisi
1700s
France (Reunion)--
Réunion owl
Mascarenotus grucheti
1700s
France (Reunion)--
Réunion pigeon
Nesoenas duboisi
1705
France (Reunion)--
Réunion shelduck
Mascarenachen kervazoi
1690s
France (Reunion)--
Réunion starling
Fregilupus varius
1850s
France (Réunion)
Rodrigues night-heron
Nycticorax megacephalus
1750s
Mauritius
Rodrigues owl
Mascarenotus murivorus
1750s
Mauritius--
Rodrigues parrot
Necropsittacus rodericanus
1750s
Mauritius
Rodrigues rail
Erythromachus leguati
1750s
Mauritius
Rodrigues solitaire
Pezophaps solitaria
1778
Mauritius
Rodrigues starling
Necropsar rodericanus
1750s
Mauritius
Saint Helena crake
Porzana astrictocarpus
Early 17th century
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)--
Saint Helena cuckoo
Nannococcyx psix
late 18th century
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)--
Saint Helena dove
Dysmoropelia dekarchiskos
After 1502
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)--
Saint Helena hoopoe
Upupa antaios
Early 16th century
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
Saint Helena rail
Porzana astrictocarpus
After 1502
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)--
Seychelles parakeet
Psittacula wardis
1886
Seychelles
Small Saint Helena petrel
Bulweria bifax
After 1502
United Kingdom (Saint Helena)--
Tristan moorhen
Gallinula nesiotis
late 19th century
United Kingdom (Tristan da Cunha)

Reptiles

Prehistoric extinctions (beginning of the Holocene to 1500 CE)
Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
Voay robustus100 AD
Madagascar
Recent extinctions (1500 AD to present)
Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
Cape Verde giant skink
Macroscincus coctei[17]
1920s
Cape Verde
Domed Mauritius giant tortoise
Cylindraspis triserrata[18]
Early 18th century
Mauritius--
Domed Rodrigues giant tortoise
Cylindraspis peltastes[19]
1800s
Mauritius
Eastwood's long-tailed seps
Tetradactylus eastwoodae[20]
1912
South Africa--
Hoffstetter's worm snake
Typhlops cariei[21]
Unknown
Mauritius--
Mauritian giant skink
Didosaurus maurtianus[22]
1650
Mauritius--
Mozambique centipede-eater
Aparallactus nigriceps
Unknown
Mozambique--
Réunion giant tortoise
Cylindraspis indica[23]
1840s
France (Reunion)
Rodrigues day gecko
Phelsuma edwardnewtoni
1917
Mauritius
Rodrigues giant day gecko
Phelsuma gigas[24]
1842
Mauritius--
Roque Chico de Salmor giant lizard
Gallotia simonyi simonyi
1930s
Spain (Canary Islands)
Round Island burrowing boa
Bolyeria multocarinata[25]
1975
Mauritius--
Saddle-backed Mauritius giant tortoise
Cylindraspis inepta[26]
Early 18th century
Mauritius--
Saddle-backed Rodrigues giant tortoise
Cylindraspis vosmaeri[27]
1800s
Mauritius

Amphibians

Possibly extinct
Common name\\scientific nameExtinction dateRangeImage
Du Toit's torrent frog
Arthroleptides dutoiti
1962
Kenya--
Osgood's Ethiopian toad
Altiphrynoides osgoodi
2003
Ethiopia--
Togo slippery frog
Conraua derooi
Unknown
Ghana and Togo--

Fish

  • Aplocheilichthys sp. nov. 'Naivasha'[28]
    1970s, Kenya
  • Barbus microbarbis[29]
    Unknown, Rwanda
  • Pantanodon madagascariensis[30]
    Unknown, Madagascar
  • Ptychochromis onilahy[31]
    1962, Madagascar
  • Salmo pallaryi[32]
    1930s, Morocco

Insects

  • Aplothorax burchelli
    Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Libythea cinyras[33]
    Unknown, Mauritius
  • Mbashe River buff[34]
    Deloneura immaculata, 1863, South Africa
  • Morant's blue[35]
    Lepidochrysops hypopolia, 1879, South Africa
  • Saint Helena giant earwig[36]
    Labidura herculeana, 1967, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Saint Helena darter[37]
    Sympetrum dilatatum, 1964, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)

Crustacean

  • Afrocyclops pauliani[38]
    1951, Madagascar
  • Namibcypris costata[39]
    Unknown, Namibia
  • Tropodiaptomus ctenopus[40]
    Unknown, Madagascar

Molluscs

  • Caldwellia philyrina Unknown, Mauritius
  • Campolaemus perexilis Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis blofeldi Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis exulatus Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis helena Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis melanoides Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis nonpareil Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis subplicatus Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis subtruncatus Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Chilonopsis turtoni Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Colparion madgei Unknown, Mauritius
  • Ctenoglypta newtoni Unknown, Mauritius
  • Cyclophorus horridulum Unknown, France (Mayotte)
  • Cyclosurus mariei Unknown, France (Mayotte)
  • Dupontia proletaria Unknown, France (Reunion) and Mauritius
  • Erepta nevilli Unknown, Mauritius
  • Gibbus lyonetianus Unknown, Mauritius
  • Gonidomus newtoni Unknown, Mauritius
  • Gonospira nevilli Unknown, Mauritius
  • Gulella mayottensis Unknown, France (Mayotte)
  • Harmogenanina linophora Unknown, France (Reunion) and Mauritius
  • Harmogenanina subdetecta Unknown, France (Reunion)
  • Helenoconcha leptalea Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Helenoconcha minutissima Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Helenoconcha polyodon Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Helenoconcha pseustes Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Helenoconcha sexdentata Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Helenodiscus bilamellata Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Helenodiscus vernoni Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Madeiran land snail 1878, Portugal (Madeira)
  • Pachnodus velutinus 1994, Seychelles
  • Pachystyla rufozonata Unknown, Mauritius
  • Pseudocampylaea loweii 1878, Portugal (Madeira)
  • Pseudohelenoconcha spurca Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Pupilla obliquicosta Unknown, United Kingdom (Saint Helena)
  • Rhachis comorensis Unknown, France (Mayotte)
  • Rhachis sanguineus Unknown, Mauritius
  • Tropidophora desmazuresi Unknown, Mauritius
  • Tropidophora semilineata Unknown, France (Mayotte)
  • Unio cariei Unknown, France (Reunion)

See also

  • List of extinct animals
  • List of extinct animals of New Zealand
  • List of extinct animals of Réunion
  • List of extinct birds
  • Extinct in the wild
  • Lazarus taxon

References

1. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=136456 |title=Cryptoprocta spelea (Giant Fossa) |assessor=Hoffmann, M. |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
2. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=40783 |title=Hippopotamus guldbergi (Madagascan Dwarf Hippopotamus, Madagascan Pygmy Hippo, Malagasy Hippo) |assessor=Boisserie, J.-R. |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
3. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=40782 |title=Hippopotamus lemerlei (Madagascan Dwarf Hippopotamus, Malagasy Hippo) |assessor=Boisserie, J.-R. |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
4. ^{{Cite journal | author = Tikhonov, A. | title = Bos primigenius | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T136721A4332142 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/136721/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T136721A4332142.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
5. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=10168 |title=Hippotragus leucophaeus (Bluebuck, Blue Buck) |assessor=IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
6. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=813 |title=Alcelaphus buselaphus ssp. buselaphus (Bubal Hartebeest) |assessor=IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
7. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=15732 |title=Ourebia ourebi ssp. kenyae (Kenya Oribi) |assessor=IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
8. ^{{Cite journal | author = Hoffmann, M. | title = Palaeopropithecus ingens | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T136532A4306543 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/136532/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T136532A4306543.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
9. ^{{Cite journal | author = Mickleburgh, S. | author2 = Hutson, A.M. | author3 = Bergmans, W. | author4 = Howell, K. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Pteropus subniger | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T18761A8580195 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/18761/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T18761A8580195.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
10. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=7957 |title=Equus quagga ssp. quagga (Quagga) |year=2008 |assessor=Hack, M.A. |assessor2=East, R. |assessor3=Rubenstein, D.I. |last-assessor-amp=yes |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
11. ^{{Cite journal | author = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group | title = Eudorcas rufina | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T8974A12944313 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/8974/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T8974A12944313.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
12. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=11038 |title=Kobus leche ssp. robertsi (Roberts' Lechwe) |assessor=IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group |year=2008 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
13. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=39319 |title=Diceros bicornis ssp. longipes (Western Black Rhino, Western Black Rhinoceros) |assessor=Emslie, R. |year=2011 |downloaded=December 23, 2013}}
14. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=5748 |title=Cryptochloris wintoni (De Winton's Golden Mole)|assessor=Bronner, G. |year=1996 |downloaded=December 20, 2013}}
15. ^{{Cite journal | author = Kerbis Peterhans, J. | author2 = Lavrenchenko, L. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Nilopegamys plumbeus | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2008 | page = e.T40766A10363474 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2008 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/40766/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T40766A10363474.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
16. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=5587 |title=Crocidura wimmeri (Wimmer's Shrew)|assessor=Hutterer, R. |year=1996 |downloaded=December 20, 2013}}
17. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=12644 |title=Macroscincus coctei (Cape Verde Giant Skink, Cocteau's Skink) |assessor=World Conservation Monitoring Centre |year=1996 |downloaded=December 25, 2013}}
18. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Cylindraspis triserrata | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6064A12390055 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6064/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6064A12390055.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
19. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Cylindraspis peltastes | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6063A12388776 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6063/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6063A12388776.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
20. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=21663 |title=Tetradactylus eastwoodae (Eastwood's Longtailed Seps, Eastwood's Whip Lizard) |assessor=World Conservation Monitoring Centre |year=1996 |downloaded=December 25, 2013}}
21. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Typhlops cariei | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T22607A9379456 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22607/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T22607A9379456.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
22. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Leiolopisma mauritiana | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T11410A3277412 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11410/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T11410A3277412.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
23. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Cylindraspis indica | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6061A12383518 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6061/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6061A12383518.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
24. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Phelsuma gigas | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T16925A6598516 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/16925/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T16925A6598516.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
25. ^{{Cite journal | author = Madagascar Reptile & Amphibian Specialist Group | title = Bolyeria multocarinata | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T2864A9488737 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/2864/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T2864A9488737.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
26. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Cylindraspis inepta | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6062A12385198 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6062/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6062A12385198.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
27. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Cylindraspis vosmaeri | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6065A12391587 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6065/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6065A12391587.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
28. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=61225 |title=Aplocheilichthys sp. nov. 'Naivasha' |assessor=Hanssens, M. |year=2004 |downloaded=December 28, 2013}}
29. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=61247 |title=Barbus microbarbis |assessor=Ntakimazi, G. |year=2006 |downloaded=December 28, 2013}}
30. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=15949 |title=Pantanodon madagascariensis |assessor=Loiselle, P. |assessor2=Participants of the CBSG/ANGAP CAMP "Faune de Madagascar" workshop |location=Mantasoa, Madagascar, 2001 |year=2004 |downloaded=December 28, 2013}}
31. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=44504 |title=Ptychochromis sp. nov. 'Kotro' |assessor=Loiselle, P. |assessor2=Participants of the CBSG/ANGAP CAMP "Faune de Madagascar" workshop |last-assessor-amp=yes |location=Mantasoa, Madagascar, 2001 |year=2004 |downloaded=December 28, 2013}}
32. ^{{Cite journal | author = Crivelli, A.J. | title = Salmo pallaryi | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2006 | page = e.T61190A12440688 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2006 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/61190/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T61190A12440688.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
33. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Libythea cinyras | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T11934A3316737 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11934/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T11934A3316737.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
34. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Deloneura immaculata | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T6331A12652621 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/6331/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T6331A12652621.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
35. ^{{Cite journal | author = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | author-link = World Conservation Monitoring Centre | title = Lepidochrysops hypopolia | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T11537A3293608 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/11537/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T11537A3293608.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
36. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=11073 |title=Labidura herculeana (Saint Helena Earwig, St Helena Earwig) |assessor=World Conservation Monitoring Centre |year=1996 |downloaded=December 25, 2013}}
37. ^{{Cite journal | author = Suhling, F. | author2 = Martens, A. | last-author-amp = yes | title = Sympetrum dilatatum | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2011 | page = e.T21226A9259879 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2011 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/21226/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T21226A9259879.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
38. ^{{Cite journal | author = Reid, J.W. | title = Afrocyclops pauliani | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T611A13066717 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/611/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T611A13066717.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
39. ^{{IUCN2013.2 |id=611 |title=Namibcypris costata |assessor=Inland Water Crustacean Specialist Group |year=1996 |downloaded=December 27, 2013}}
40. ^{{Cite journal | author = Reid, J.W. | title = Tropodiaptomus ctenopus | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 1996 | page = e.T22379A9371437 | publisher = IUCN | date = 1996 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22379/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T22379A9371437.en | access-date = 13 January 2018}}
  • IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 24 March 2006.

External links

  • The Extinction Website
  • IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
{{Extinct Animals by Regions |state=autocollapsed}}

2 : Extinct animals of Africa|Lists of extinct animals by continent

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