“List of Irish exonyms”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

List of Irish exonyms

释义

States and territories
Continents
Seas and oceans
Solar system
References
See also

This is list of Irish language exonyms for places outside Ireland.

States and territories

This list includes sovereign states and other territories, alongside some of their capitals, major settlements and/or subdivisions.

Abkhazia - an Abcáis
Afghanistan - an Afganastáin
- Kabul - Cabúl
Albania - an Albáin
- Tirana - Tiorána
Algeria - an Ailgéir
- Algiers - Cathair na hAilgéire
Andorra - Andóra
Angola - Angóla
Argentina - an Airgintín
Armenia - an Airméin
- Yerevan - Eireaván
Aruba - Arúba
Australia - an Astráil
- Australian Capital Territory - Críoch Phríomhchathair na hAstráile^[1]
- Northern Territory - Críoch an Tuaiscirt^[2]
- South Australia - An Astráil Theas^[3]
- Western Australia - An Astráil Thiar^[4]
- Tasmania - an Tasmáin^[5]
Austria - an Ostair
- Tyrol - an Tioróil
- Vienna - Vín
Bahamas - na Bahámaí
Bahrain - Bairéin
Bangladesh - an Bhanglaidéis
Barbados - Barbadós
Belarus - an Bhealarúis
- Minsk - Mionsc
Belgium - an Bheilg
- Brussels - an Bhruiséil
- Flanders - Flóndras
- Antwerp - Antuairp
- Leuven - Lováin
- Ostend - Ostainn
- Wallonia - an Vallúin
Benin - Beinin
Bermuda - Beirmiúda
Bhutan - an Bhútáin
Bolivia - an Bholaiv
Bosnia-Herzegovina - an Bhoisnia-Heirseagaivéin
- Sarajevo - Sairéavó
Botswana - an Bhotsuáin
Brazil - an Bhrasaíl
- Brasilia - Brasília
Bulgaria - an Bhulgáir
- Sofia - Sóifia
Burundi - an Bhurúin
Cameroon - Camarún
Cambodia - an Chambóid
Canada - Ceanada
- Labrador - Labradar / Leithinis Labradar
- Newfoundland - Talamh an Éisc
- Nova Scotia - Albain Nua
- P.E.I. - An t-Oileán Rua{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}, Oileán Éoin{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}
- British Columbia - An Cholóim Bhriotanach^[6]
Central African Republic - Poblacht na hAfraice Láir
Chad - Sead
Channel Islands - Oileáin Mhuir nIocht
- Guernsey - Geansaí
- Jersey - Geirsí
Chile - an tSile
China - an tSín
- Beijing - Béising
- Hong Kong - Hong Cong
- Inner Mongolia - an Ion-Mhongóil
- Tibet - an Tibéid
- Shanghai - Shang-hai, Seangháí^[7]
Colombia - an Cholóim
Costa Rica - Cósta Ríce
Côte d'Ivoire - an Cósta Eabhair
Croatia - an Chróit
- Dalmatia - an Dalmáit
- Zagreb - Ságrab
Cuba - Cúba
Cyprus - an Chipir
- Nicosia - an Niocóis, an Leafcóis
Czech Republic - Poblacht na Seice
- Bohemia - an Bhoihéim
- Prague - Prág
Democratic Republic of the Congo - Poblacht Dhaonlathach an Chongó
Denmark - an Danmhairg
- Zealand - an tSéalainn
- Copenhagen - Cóbanhávan
Dominican Republic - an Phoblacht Dhoiminiceach
Ecuador - Eacuadór
Egypt - an Éigipt
- Cairo - Caireo
El Salvador - an tSalvadóir
England - Sasana
- Bristol - Briostó
- Carlisle - Cathair Luail^[8]
- Chelsea - Chelsea, Sealsaí^[9]
- Cornwall - Corn na Breataine, an Chorn
- Isle of Wight - Inis Iocht
- Liverpool - Learpholl
- London - Londain
- Manchester - Manchain
- Oxford - Oxford, Áth na nDamh
- York - Eabhrac
Equatorial Guinea - an Ghuine Mheánchiorclach
Estonia - an Eastóin
Ethiopia - an Aetóip
Falkland Islands - Oileáin Fháclainne, Oileáin Naomh Malo, Oileáin Malo
Faroe Islands - Oileáin Fharó, Na Scigirí
Fiji - Fidsí
Finland - an Fhionlainn
- Helsinki - Heilsincí
- Lapland - an Laplainn
- Turku - Túrcú^[10]
France - an Fhrainc
- Bordeaux - Bordghal, from the Latin Burdigula ^[11]
- Brittany - an Bhriotáin
- Burgundy - an Bhurgúin
- Corsica - an Chorsaic
- French Polynesia - Polainéis na Fraince
- Guadeloupe - Guadalúip
- Lorraine - an Lorráin
- New Caledonia - an Nua-Chaladóin
- Normandy - an Normainn
- Paris - Páras
Gabon - an Ghabúin
Gambia - an Ghaimbia
Georgia (country) - an tSeoirsia
Germany - an Ghearmáin
- Bavaria - an Bhaváir
- Berlin - Beirlín
- Cologne - Köln,^[12] Cologne^[13]
- Munich - München,^[14] Munich^[15]
- Saxony - an tSacsain
Ghana - Gána
Gibraltar - Giobráltar
Greece - an Ghréig
- Athens - an Aithin
- Crete - an Chréit
- Rhodes - Ródas
- Thessaloniki - Teasaloinicé,^[16]^[17]^[18] Salonaic{{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}
Greenland - an Ghraonlainn
Guam - Guam
Guatemala - {{Not a typo|Guatamala}}
- Guatemala City - Cathair Ghuatamala
Guinea - an Ghuine
- Conakry - Conacraí
Guinea-Bissau - Guine Bissau
Guyana - an Ghuáin
Haiti - Háítí
Honduras - Hondúras
Hungary - an Ungair
- Budapest - Búdaipeist
Iceland - an Íoslainn
- Reykjavík - Réicivíc
India - an India,^[19]^[20] an Ind^[21]
- Delhi - Deilí
- Kolkata - Calcúta
- New Delhi - Deilí Nua
Indonesia - an Indinéis
- Jakarta - Iacárta
Iran - an Iaráin
Iraq - an Iaráic
- Baghdad - Bagdad
Isle of Man - Manainn, Oileán Mhannan
- Douglas Dúlais^[22]^[23]
Israel - Iosrael
- Jerusalem - Iarúsailéim
Italy - an Iodáil
- Florence - Flórans
- Lombardy - an Lombaird
- Milan - Milano,^[24]^[25] Milan^[26]
- Piedmont - Píodmant
- Rome - an Róimh
- Sardinia - an tSairdín
- Sicily - an tSicil
- Tuscany - an Tuscáin
- Venice - an Veinéis
Jamaica - Iamáice
Japan - an tSeapáin
- Kyoto - Kyoto,^[27]^[28] Kiótó / Ciótó^[29]
- Tokyo - Tóiceo
Jordan - an Iordáin
Kenya - an Chéinia
Kosovo - an Chosaiv
Kuwait - Cuáit
- Kuwait City - Cathair Chuáit
Laos - Laos
Latvia - an Laitvia
- Riga - Ríge
Lebanon - an Liobáin
- Beirut - Béiriút
Lesotho - Leosóta
Liberia - an Libéir
Libya - an Libia
- Tripoli - Tripilí
Liechtenstein - Lichtinstéin
- Vaduz - Vadús
Lithuania - an Liotuáin
- Vilnius - Vilnias
Luxembourg - Lucsamburg
Macedonia - an Mhacadóin
- Skopje - Scóipé
Madagascar - Madagascar
- Antananarivo - Antananairíveo
Malawi - an Mhaláiv
Malaysia - an Mhalaeisia
Maldives - Oileáin Mhaildíve
Mali - Mailí
Malta - Málta
- Valletta - Vaileite
Mauritania - an Mháratáin
Mauritius - Oileán Mhuirís
Mexico - Meicsiceo
- Mexico City - Cathair Mheicsiceo
Moldova - An Mholdóiv
- Chişinău - Císineá
Monaco - Monacó
Mongolia - an Mhongóil
Montenegro - Montainéagró
- Podgorica - Podgairítse
Morocco - Maracó
Mozambique - Mósaimbíc
Myanmar (Burma) - Maenmar (Burma)
- Yangon - Rangún
Namibia - an Namaib
Nauru - Nárú
Nepal - Neipeal
- Mount Everest - Sliabh Everest
Netherlands - an Ísiltír
- Friesland - an Fhreaslainn
- Holland - an Ollainn
- North Holland - an Ollainn Thuaidh
- Amsterdam - Amstardam
- South Holland - an Ollainn Theas
- The Hague - an Háig
Netherlands Antilles - Aintillí na hÍsiltíre
New Zealand - an Nua-Shéalainn
Nicaragua - Nicearagua
Niger - an Nígir
Nigeria - an Nigéir
North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) - an Chóiré Thuaidh (Daon-Phoblacht Dhaonlathach na Cóiré)
Norway - an Iorua
- Oslo - Osló
Oman - Óman
Pakistan - an Phacastáin
Palestine - an Phalaistín
Panama - Panama
Paraguay - Paragua
Peru - Peiriú
- Lima - Líoma
Philippines - na hOileáin Fhilipíneacha, Poblacht na nOileán Filipíneach
- Manila - Mainile
Poland - an Pholainn
- Warsaw - Vársá
Portugal - an Phortaingéil
- Azores - na hAsóir
- Lisbon - Liospóin
- Madeira - Maidéara
Puerto Rico - Pórtó Ríce
Qatar - Catar
Republic of the Congo - Poblacht an Chongó
Romania - an Rómáin
- Bucharest - Búcairist
Russia - an Rúis
- Moscow - Moscó
- Saint Petersburg - Cathair Pheadair^[30]
- Siberia - an tSibéir
- Ural - an Úrail
Rwanda - Ruanda
Saint Helena - San Héilin
Samoa - Samó
San Marino - San Mairíne
Saudi Arabia - an Araib Shádach
- Mecca - Meice
Scotland - Albain (compare Scottish Gaelic: Alba)
- Aberdeen - Obar Dheathain (compare Scottish Gaelic: Obar Dheathain)
- Coatbridge - Drochaid an Chóta^[31] (compare Scottish Gaelic: Drochaid a' Chòta)
- Dundee - Dún Déagh^[32]^[33] (compare Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Dèagh)
- Edinburgh - Dún Éideann (compare Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann)
- Glasgow - Glaschú (compare Scottish Gaelic: Glaschu)
- Inverness - Inbhear Nis^[34] (compare Scottish Gaelic: Inbhir Nis)
- Stirling - Stirling,^[35] Sruighle^[36] (compare Scottish Gaelic: Sruighlea)
- Hebrides - Inse Ghall (compare Scottish Gaelic: Na h-Innse Gall)
- Orkney - Inse Orc (compare Scottish Gaelic: Arcaibh)
- Shetland - Sealtainn, Inse Shealtainn (compare Scottish Gaelic: Sealtainn)
- Highlands - na Garbhchríocha (compare Scottish Gaelic: a' Ghàidhealtachd)
Senegal - an tSeineagáil
- Dakar - Dacár
Serbia - an tSeirbia
- Belgrade - Béalgrád
Sierra Leone - Siarra Leon
Singapore - Singeapór
Slovakia - an tSlóvaic
- Bratislava - an Bhratasláiv
Slovenia - an tSlóvéin
- Ljubljana - Liúibleána
Solomon Islands - Oileáin Sholamón
- Honiara - Hóiniára
Somalia - an tSomáil
South Africa - an Afraic Theas
South Korea (Republic of Korea) - an Chóiré Theas (Poblacht na Cóiré)
- Seoul - Súl
South Ossetia - an Oiséit Theas
Spain - an Spáinn
- Andalusia - an Andalúis
- Seville - Sevilla,^[37]^[38] Seville^[39]
- Aragon - an Aragóin^[40]
- Balearic Islands - na hOileáin Bhailéaracha
- Majorca (Mallorca) - Mallarca
- Menorca – Mionarca
- Basque Country - Tír na mBascach
- Canary Islands - na hOileáin Chanáracha
- Castile and León - An Chaistíl agus León
- Catalonia - an Chatalóin
- Galicia - an Ghailís
- A Coruña - Cathair na Cruinne,^[41] An Choróin (Old geography book){{Citation needed|date=February 2016}}
- Madrid - Maidrid
Sri Lanka - Srí Lanca
Sudan - an tSúdáin
- Khartoum - Cartúm
Suriname - Suranam
Swaziland - an tSuasalainn
Sweden - an tSualainn
- Götaland - an Ghotlann^[42]
- Stockholm - Stócólm
Switzerland - an Eilvéis
- Bern - Beirn
- Geneva - an Ghinéiv
Syria - an tSiria
- Damascus - an Damaisc
Tanzania - an Tansáin
Thailand - an Téalainn
Tonga - Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago - Oileán na Tríonóide agus Tobága
Tunisia - an Túinéis
- Tunis - Túinis
Turkey - an Tuirc
- Istanbul - Iostanbúl
Uganda - Uganda
Ukraine - an Úcráin
- Crimea - an Chrimé
- Kiev - Cív
United Arab Emirates - Aontas na nÉimíríochtaí Arabacha
- Abu Dhabi - Abú Daibí
United Kingdom - an Ríocht Aontaithe, Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann
United States of America - Stáit Aontaithe Mheiriceá
- Alaska - Alasca
- Hawaii - Haváí
- Honolulu - Honolúlú^[43]
- Massachusetts - Massachusetts
- Boston - Bostún
- New Mexico - Nua-Mheicsiceo
- New York - Nua-Eabhrac
- New York City - (Cathair) Nua-Eabhrac
- North Carolina - Carolina Thuaidh
- North Dakota - Dakota Thuaidh
- Rhode Island - Oileán Rhode
- South Carolina - Carolina Theas
- South Dakota - Dakota Theas
- West Virginia - Virginia Thiar
Uruguay - Uragua
Vatican City - Cathair na Vatacáine
Venezuela - Veiniséala
Vietnam - Vítneam
- Hanoi - Hanáí
Wales - an Bhreatain Bheag
- Cardiff - Caedydd
Western Sahara - an Sahára Thiar
Yemen - Éimin
Zambia - an tSaimbia
Zimbabwe - an tSiombáib

Continents

The Irish for continent is ilchríoch (plural ilchríocha) or mór-roinn (plural mór-ranna).

Africa - an Afraic
Americas - Críocha Mheiriceá / Meiriceá
- North America - Meiriceá Thuaidh
- South America - Meiriceá Theas
Antarctica - Antartaice
Asia - an Áise
Europe - an Eoraip
- Balkans - na Balcáin
- British Isles - Oileáin Iarthair Eorpa / Éire agus an Bhreatain Mhór
- Great Britain - an Bhreatain / an Bhreatain Mhór
- Iberia - an Ibéir
- Jutland - an Iútlainn
- Scandinavia - Críoch Lochlann / Lochlann
Oceania - an Aigéine

Seas and oceans

The Irish for sea is muir (plural mara) or farraige (plural farraigí), while ocean is aigéan (plural aigéin) or farraige mhór.

Atlantic Ocean - an tAigéan Atlantach / an Fharraige Mhór ("the great sea")
Arctic Ocean - an tAigéan Artach
Indian Ocean - an tAigéan Indiach
Pacific Ocean - an tAigéan Ciúin
Southern Ocean (Antarctic Ocean) - an tAigéan Theas, an tAigéan Antartach
English Channel - Muir nIocht
Celtic Sea - Muir Cheilteach
Irish Sea (Manx Sea) - Muir Éireann, Muir Mhannan
Mediterranean Sea - an Mheánmhuir

Solar system

The Irish for solar system is an Grianchóras.

Sun - Grian / an Ghrian
Mercury - Mearcair
Venus - Véineas / Bhéineas (older) / Réalt na Maidine ("the morning star")
Earth - an Domhan / an Talamh
- Moon - Gealach / an Ghealach, an Ré
Mars - Mars / Máirt / an Pláinéad Dearg ("the red planet")
Jupiter - Iúpatar
Saturn - Satarn / Saduirnn (older)
Uranus - Úránas
Neptune - Neiptiún

References

téarma.ie – Téarma – the National Terminology Database for Irish, developed by Fiontar (Dublin City University) in collaboration with An Coiste Téarmaíochta (Foras na Gaeilge)

States and territories

Continents

Seas and oceans

Solar system

References

See also