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词条 List of Japanese flags
释义

  1. National flags

  2. Imperial flags

  3. Governmental flags

  4. Military flags

     Self-Defense Force and Imperial Army/Navy  Japan Coast Guard 

  5. Historical flags

  6. Minorities

  7. Cultural flags

  8. Prefectural flags

  9. Municipal flags

  10. References

This is a list of Japanese flags, past and present. Historically, each daimyō had his own flag. (See sashimono and uma-jirushi.)

{{Commons category|Flags of Japan}}

National flags

{{main|Flag of Japan}}
FlagDateUseDescription
August 13, 1999{{spaced ndash}} present Civil and state flag and ensign of Japan. Flag ratio: 2:3. This flag was designed by Proclamation No. 127, 1999. The sun-disc is perfectly centered and is a brighter shade of red.
February 27, 1870{{spaced ndash}}August 12, 1999Civil and state flag and ensign of the Empire of Japan, and the Japanese state. Flag ratio: 7:10. Disc is shifted 1% towards the hoist (left). This flag was designed by Proclamation No. 57, 1870.

Imperial flags

FlagDateUseDescription
1868 – present Imperial Standard of the Emperor of Japan 16 petal chrysanthemum, colored in gold, centered on a red background
1926 – present Imperial Standard of the Regent of Japan Similar to the Emperor's standard, but with a white border
1926 – present Imperial Standard of the Empress, the Empress Dowager, and the Grand Empress Dowager A pennant of the Imperial Standard
1926 – present Imperial Standard of the Crown Prince and the Imperial Grandson who is an heir apparent Similar to the Emperor's standard, but with a white orle
1926 – present Imperial Standard of the Crown Princess and the wife of the Imperial Grandson A pennant of the Standard of the Crown Prince
1926 – present Imperial Standard of other members of the Imperial House A gold 16-petaled chrysanthemum centered on a white background with a red border

Governmental flags

FlagDateUseDescription
1872–1887 Ensign of Japan Post Hinomaru with a red horizontal bar placed in the center of the flag.
1892 – present Ensign of Japan Customs White represents land, blue represents sea, and the red disc represents the customs on a border.

Military flags

{{see also|Rising Sun Flag}}

Self-Defense Force and Imperial Army/Navy

FlagDateUseDescription
1954 – present Flag of the Japan Self-Defense Forces and the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force A sun disc design with 8 red rays extending outward, and a gold border partially around the edge.
1889–1945 Ensign of the Imperial Japanese Navy Sun disc with 16 rays on a white field, with the disc skewed to the hoist
1954 – present Ensign of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force Sun disc with 16 rays on a white field, with the disc skewed to the hoist
1955–1957 Former ensign of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force Used from 1955 to 1957.
1957–1972 Former ensign of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force Used from 1957 to 1972.
1972–2001 Former ensign of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force Used from 1972 to 2001.
2001 – present Ensign of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force Current ensign, used since 2001.
1972 – present Standard of the Prime Minister of Japan Five cherry blossoms on a purple background
1972 – present Naval standard of the Prime Minister of Japan Five cherry blossoms on a purple background
1972 – present Standard of the Minister of Defense of Japan Five cherry blossoms on a magenta background
1972 – present Naval standard of the Minister of Defense of Japan Five cherry blossoms on a magenta background
1972 – present Standard of the Vice Minister of Defense of Japan Four cherry blossoms on a magenta background
1972 – present Naval standard of the Vice Minister of Defense of Japan Four cherry blossoms on a magenta background
Standard of Chief of Staff, Joint Staff
Standard of Chief of Staff of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
Standard of Chief of Staff of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
1982– Standard of Chief of Staff of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force
1965– Standard of vice admiral of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
1965– Standard of rear admiral of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
1965– Standard of commodore of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force


 1965– Standards of commander of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
1965– Standard of senior captain of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
1905–1945, 2011– The "Z flag", unofficial naval ensign Derived from International maritime signal flag "Z" Made famous by its use to signal the opening of the Battle of Tsushima
Flag of composite forces chief of staff of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
1972– Flag of infantry battalion group of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
1982– Flag of air defense command of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force
1870–1945 War flag of the Imperial Japanese Army Centered sun disc with 16 rays on a white field
1889–1945 Standard of admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy
1914–1945 Standard of vice admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy
1914–1945 Standard of rear admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy
1914–1945 Standard of commodore of the Imperial Japanese Navy
–1945 Standard of commander of the Imperial Japanese Navy
–1945 Standard of senior captain of the Imperial Japanese Navy
–1945 Standard of duty ship of the Imperial Japanese Navy

Japan Coast Guard

FlagDateUseDescription
1951– Ensign of the Japan Coast Guard The symbol represents a mariner's compass.
1951– Standard of the Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
1951– Standard of the Japan Coast Guard Commandant
1951– Standard of the Commander of Regional Coast Guard Headquarters
1951– Flag of Commander

Historical flags

FlagDateUseDescription
19th century Flag of the Tokugawa Shogunate[1] A bicolour flag consisting of three bands; white, black, and white.
1797 (earliest known appearance) [2]–1875 Flag of the Ryūkyū Kingdom
1905–1910 Flag of the Resident General of Korea A blue ensign with the Flag of Japan in the canton
1945–1952 Civil and naval ensign during the occupation of Japan Derived from International maritime signal flag "E"
1950 (Jan–Mar)Proposed flag of OkinawaOkinawan Flag|沖縄旗}} or the {{nihongo|Ryukyu Flag|琉球旗}}, proposed by the Okinawa Civil Government. The US administration stated they would decide the flag after the foundation of the unified government of the islands. However, the flag was forgotten ever since. Red, white, and blue represent peace, freedom, and enthusiasm, respectively. A star represents hope.
1952–1967 Civil ensign during the occupation of Okinawa Derived from International maritime signal flag "D"

Minorities

FlagDateUseDescription
reason=Date undetermined|date=July 2017}} Flag of Mindan Flag of Mindan, a pro-South organization of Zainichi Koreans. The pink flower surrounding the taegeuk is a hibiscus syriacus, the national flower of South Korea. The formal name of the society (Zainihon Daikanminkoku Mindan) is written in kanji in white, and the abbreviation (Mindan) is written in hangul in yellow. The blue field of the flag stands for clear sky and sea.
reason=Date undetermined|date=July 2017}} Flag of National Levelers Association / Buraku Liberation Leaguethe Crown of Thorns Flag|荊冠旗|Keikanki}}. Black represents a dark society with discriminations. Red represents blood.
reason=Date undetermined|date=July 2017}} Flag of Buraku Liberation LeagueThe current Buraku Liberation League flag, with a white star representing hope.

Cultural flags

FlagDateUseDescription
1919– Flag of safety the Green Cross|緑十字|Midori-jūji}}. Designed by Toshifumi Gamō as the symbol of the governmental "safety week" campaign. The cross represents philanthropism in Western sense, and the place where good deeds gather in Oriental sense. JIS Z9103-1986 designates the symbol as the safety indication sign.
1953– Flag of industrial health Announced by the Labour Standards Bureau, the Ministry of Labor of Japan (the current Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare), over a public subscription.
1965– Flag of safety and health Designed by the Japan Industrial Safety & Health Association. These three flags are frequently flown on factories or construction sites.
1886- Postal flag The Postal symbol, 〒, on a white field.
????-1949 Railway flag Japanese Government Railway flag
1987- Railway flag Japan Railways flag

Prefectural flags

{{anchor|Prefectures}}

Each modern prefecture has a unique flag, most often a bicolour geometric highly stylised design (mon), often incorporating the letters of Japanese writing system. A distinct feature of these flags is that they use a palette of colours not usually found in flags, including orange, purple, aquamarine and brown.

Some prefectures also have alternative official flags called {{nihongo|"symbol flags"|シンボル旗}}. They may be used on less formal occasions. Famous symbol flags include the one used in Tokyo.

FlagPrefectureGeocodeDescription
class="noresize" AichiJP-23Stylised hiragana of あいち (Aichi). The emblem also expresses sunrise and wave to indicate Aichi's location facing the Pacific Ocean.
AkitaJP-05Stylised katakana of ア (a), the first syllable of "Akita".
AomoriJP-02Stylised map of the prefecture.
ChibaJP-12Stylised katakana of チバ (Chiba). Blue stands for hope and progress, yellow for prefecture flower, rapeseed.
EhimeJP-38Yellow stands for happiness, green for peace and white for simplicity and purity. The mon represents orange blossom, the prefectural flower.
FukuiJP-18Stylised katakana of フクイ (Fukui). The emblem stands for harmony and cooperation of people.
FukuokaJP-40Stylised hiragana of ふく (fuku). It also represents ume (plum), the prefectural flower.
FukushimaJP-07Stylised hiragana of ふ (fu).
GifuJP-21Stylised kanji 岐 (gi). The emblem expresses peace and harmony. The green stands for the nature of Gifu.
GunmaJP-10Stylised kanji 群 (gun) and three crescents which stand for three mountains Mount Akagi, Mount Haruna and Mount Myōgi. Purple was selected as refined colour suitable to Gunma's cultural inheritance.
HiroshimaJP-34Stylized katakana of ヒ (hi).
HokkaidōJP-01A seven-pointed star standing for hope and development. Blue represents sea and sky of Hokkaidō, red stands for people's energy and white for light and snow.
HyōgoJP-28Stylized kanji of 兵 (hyō). It also represents the stylised map of the prefecture, facing the Seto Inland Sea and the Sea of Japan.
IbarakiJP-08The prefectural flower rose on blue field. Blue stands for the Pacific Ocean and Mount Tsukuba.
IshikawaJP-17The mon is a stylised form of its name in kanji, 石川 (Ishikawa). It also represents the stylised map of the prefecture.
IwateJP-03Stylised kanji of 岩 (iwa) which symbolises advanced progress.
KagawaJP-37Stylised and slightly rotated katakana of カ (ka). It also represents mountains, as well as leaves of the olive, the prefectural tree.
KagoshimaJP-46Stylised map of the prefecture, with Sakurajima in the center.
Karafuto N/A Stylised kanji of 太 (futo) in the form of three birch 樺 (kaba) leaves and fruit, making the rebus of 樺太 (Karafuto). Used from 1911–1945; the territory is now part of Russia.
KanagawaJP-14Stylised kanji of 神 (ka). The Japanese national colours were chosen due to the Yokohama seaport, long used as a primary gateway into Japan, being located within the prefecture.
KōchiJP-39Stylised hiragana of とさ (Tosa), the name of the former province. The mon also incorporates 90 degrees rotated katakana of コ (ko).
KumamotoJP-43Stylised katakana of ク (ku). It also represents the stylised map of Kyūshū.
KyotoJP-26Stylized kanji of 京 (kyō).
MieJP-24Stylized hiragana of み (mi). The circle also represents pearls aquafarmed in the prefecture.
MiyagiJP-04Stylised hiragana of み (mi). It also represents the miyaginohagi (lespedeza), the prefectural flower.
MiyazakiJP-45Stylized katakana of ミ (mi).
NaganoJP-20Orange flag with white mon closer to the hoist. The mon is a stylized katakana of ナ (na). It also represents mountains mirrored on a lake.
NagasakiJP-42Stylised form of the letter N. It also represents a dove, the symbol of peace. There are two versions, one with the prefectural name in kanji, another without it. Both are official.
NaraJP-29Stylised katakana of ナ (na).
NiigataJP-15The symbol on the top is a stylised kanji 新 (nii) of Niigata, while the left half of the circle is a stylised katakana for ガ (ga) and the right, タ (ta).


ŌitaŌitaJP-44Three stylised kanji of 大 (ō). Each kanji also represents a flying bird, and the whole symbol represents the sun. There are two versions, one with the prefectural name in kanji, another without it. Both are official.
OkayamaJP-33Stylized kanji of 岡 (oka). The simplified version uses the white symbol instead of gold.
OkinawaJP-47White letter O within a red disc on a white field.
ŌsakaJP-27The blue stands for cleanness, freshness and intelligence and also represents the sky and sea due to Ōsaka City having both an airport and seaport. The blue also represents Ōsaka's nickname water city, due to having many rivers and facing two seas. The mon represents calabash, the symbol of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Circles also describe the letter O.
SagaJP-41The mon is Japanese cinnamon, the prefectural flower.
SaitamaJP-11Sixteen magatama (ornamental beads) representing the sun as well as development and strength. Magatama were found in Sakitama Kofun (ancient tombs), Gyōda, which is the origin of the name of the prefecture. White stands for purity and friendship.
ShigaJP-25Stylised katakana of シガ (Shiga). The circle in the centre represents Lake Biwa.
ShimaneJP-32Four stylised katakana of マ (ma). In Japanese, "four" is shi.
ShizuokaJP-22Stylised map of the prefecture and Mount Fuji. Blue stands for the sky and the Pacific Ocean and orange for sun light, passion and unity of people.
TochigiJP-09Stylised kanji of 栃 (tochi) and kanji 木 (gi) with three arrows. The flag represents improvement and active motion.
TokushimaJP-36Stylised hiragana of とく (toku). It also represents a flying bird.
TokyoJP-13The sun represents the developing capital city Tokyo. This is the official "metropolitan flag", used on formal occasions. See Insignias of Tokyo for details.
The symbol at the centre consists of three arcs combined to resemble a ginkgo leaf and represent T for Tokyo.[3] This is the official "symbol flag", used more frequently than the flag (crest) above. See Insignias of Tokyo for details. The symbol is also for the Tokyo subway logo.
TottoriJP-31The symbol is meant to represent the hiragana と (to) and a bird (tori) to form a rebus of Tottori.
ToyamaJP-16The symbol is meant to represent the hiragana と (to) and two mountains (yama) to form a rebus of Toyama. It also represents Mount Tateyama.
WakayamaJP-30Stylised katakana of ワ (wa).
YamagataJP-06Three mountains (yama). The form also represents the stream of the Mogami River running through Yamagata. Blue stands for desire for peace and ideal, white for snow and purity of people.
YamaguchiJP-35Stylised kanji of 山口 (Yamaguchi). The emblem represents a bird flying towards the sun and stands for cooperation and progress of people.
YamanashiJP-19Stylised kanji of 山 (yama) in the centre of Mount Fuji. Purple represents the grape, a popular product of Yamanashi.

Municipal flags

{{main|List of Japanese municipal flags}}

Most municipalities have unique flags. Like prefectural flags, most of them are with a bicolour geometric highly stylized symbol, often incorporating Japanese characters.

References

1. ^http://www.fotw.net/flags/jp_daimy.html#tok
2. ^{{cite journal |author=Itai Hidenobu 板井英伸 |title="Naha-kō zu byōbu" ni miru 19 seiki Naha-kō no fune 『那覇港図屏風』にみる19世紀那覇港の船 (19th Century Boats in Naha Port as Depicted in the Naha Port Folding Screen) |journal=Hikaku minzoku kenkyū 比較民俗研究 |issue=22 |pages=93–136 |year=2008 |language=Japanese |url=https://tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp/?action=pages_view_main&active_action=repository_view_main_item_detail&item_id=17513&item_no=1&page_id=13&block_id=83 |access-date=June 17, 2018 }}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/PROFILE/appendix05.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-02-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130210033557/http://www.metro.tokyo.jp/ENGLISH/PROFILE/appendix05.htm |archivedate=2013-02-10 |df= }}
{{Lists of flags}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Japanese flags}}

2 : Lists of flags of Japan|Japanese culture-related lists
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