- Subclass: Theria Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Primates Order: Rodentia (rodents) Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons) Order: Chiroptera (bats) Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
- See also
- Notes
- References
This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Afghanistan. There are 128 mammal species in Afghanistan, of which 0 are critically endangered, 4 are endangered, 12 are vulnerable, and 5 are near-threatened.[1][2] The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN: | EX | Extinct | No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. | | EW | Extinct in the wild | Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. | | CR | Critically endangered | The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. | | EN | Endangered | The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. | | VU | Vulnerable | The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. | | NT | Near threatened | The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. | | LC | Least concern | There are no current identifiable risks to the species. | | DD | Data deficient | There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. |
Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories: | LR/cd | Lower risk/conservation dependent | Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. | | LR/nt | Lower risk/near threatened | Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. | | LR/lc | Lower risk/least concern | Species for which there are no identifiable risks. |
Subclass: TheriaInfraclass: EutheriaOrder: Primates
The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes. - Suborder: Haplorhini
- Infraorder: Simiiformes
- Parvorder: Catarrhini
- Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
- Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
- Genus: Macaca
- Rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta LR/nt
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). - Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Sciurinae
- Tribe: Pteromyini
- Genus: Hylopetes
- Afghan flying squirrel Hylopetes baberi LR/nt
- Genus: Petaurista
- Red giant flying squirrel Petaurista petaurista LR/lc
- Subfamily: Callosciurinae
- Genus: Funambulus
- Northern palm squirrel Funambulus pennantii LR/lc
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Xerini
- Genus: Spermophilopsis
- Long-clawed ground squirrel Spermophilopsis leptodactylus LR/lc
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Marmota
- Long-tailed marmot Marmota caudata LR/nt
- Genus: Spermophilus
- Yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus LR/lc
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Dryomys
- Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
- Subfamily: Allactaginae
- Genus: Allactaga
- Small five-toed jerboa Allactaga elater LR/lc
- Euphrates jerboa Allactaga euphratica LR/nt
- Hotson's jerboa Allactaga hotsoni LR/lc
- Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
- Genus: Salpingotus
- Thomas's pygmy jerboa Salpingotus thomasi DD
- Subfamily: Dipodinae
- Genus: Jaculus
- Blanford's jerboa Jaculus blanfordi LR/lc
- Family: Calomyscidae
- Genus: Calomyscus
- Baluchi mouse-like hamster Calomyscus baluchi LR/lc
- Afghan mouse-like hamster Calomyscus mystax LR/nt
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Cricetinae
- Genus: Cricetulus
- Grey dwarf hamster Cricetulus migratorius LR/nt
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Alticola
- Silver mountain vole Alticola argentatus LR/lc
- Genus: Blanfordimys
- Afghan vole Blanfordimys afghanus LR/lc
- Bucharian vole Blanfordimys bucharicus LR/nt
- Genus: Ellobius
- Southern mole vole Ellobius fuscocapillus LR/lc
- Genus: Microtus
- Juniper vole Microtus juldaschi LR/lc
- Tien Shan vole Microtus kirgisorum LR/lc
- Transcaspian vole Microtus transcaspicus LR/lc
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
- Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- Genus: Gerbillus
- Swarthy gerbil Gerbillus aquilus LR/lc
- Gerbillus nanus LC
- Genus: Meriones
- Sundevall's jird Meriones crassus LC
- Libyan jird Meriones libycus LC
- Mid-day jird Meriones meridianus LR/lc
- Persian jird Meriones persicus LR/lc
- Zarudny's jird Meriones zarudnyi EN
- Genus: Rhombomys
- Great gerbil Rhombomys opimus LR/lc
- Genus: Tatera
- Indian gerbil Tatera indica LR/lc
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Apodemus
- Ward's field mouse Apodemus wardi LR/lc
- Genus: Millardia
- Sand-colored soft-furred rat Millardia gleadowi LR/lc
- Genus: Nesokia
- Short-tailed bandicoot rat Nesokia indica LC
- Genus: Rattus
- Tanezumi rat Rattus tanezumi LR/lc
- Turkestan rat Rattus turkestanicus LR/lc
Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. - Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
- Genus: Ochotona
- Large-eared pika Ochotona macrotis LR/lc
- Afghan pika Ochotona rufescens LR/lc
- Turkestan red pika Ochotona rutila LR/lc
- Family: Leporidae (rabbits,hares)
- Genus: Lepus
- Cape hare Lepus capensis LR/lc
Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)
The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. - Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Genus: Hemiechinus
- Long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus LR/lc
- Brandt's hedgehog Hemiechinus hypomelas LR/lc
Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)
The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers. - Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Gmelin's white-toothed shrew Crocidura gmelini LR/lc
- Taiga shrew Crocidura pullata LR/lc
- Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
- Zarudny's shrew Crocidura zarudnyi LR/lc
- Genus: Suncus
- Etruscan shrew Suncus etruscus LC
- Asian house shrew Suncus murinus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc
Order: Chiroptera (bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. - Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Lesser mouse-eared bat Myotis blythii LR/lc
- Geoffroy's bat Myotis emarginatus VU
- Hodgson's bat Myotis formosus LR/lc
- Fraternal myotis Myotis frater LR/nt
- Kashmir cave bat Myotis longipes VU
- Whiskered myotis Myotis muricola LR/lc
- Whiskered bat Myotis mystacinus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Barbastella
- Eastern barbastelle Barbastella leucomelas LR/lc
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Botta's serotine Eptesicus bottae LC
- Gobi big brown bat Eptesicus gobiensis LR/lc
- Sind bat Eptesicus nasutus VU
- Serotine bat Eptesicus serotinus LR/lc
- Genus: Hypsugo
- Savi's pipistrelle Hypsugo savii LR/lc
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Lesser noctule Nyctalus leisleri LR/nt
- Mountain noctule Nyctalus montanus LR/nt
- Genus: Otonycteris
- Desert long-eared bat Otonycteris hemprichii LR/lc
- Genus: Pipistrellus
- Indian pipistrelle Pipistrellus coromandra LR/lc
- Java pipistrelle Pipistrellus javanicus LR/lc
- Kuhl's pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
- Common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
- Least pipistrelle Pipistrellus tenuis LR/lc
- Genus: Plecotus
- Grey long-eared bat Plecotus austriacus LR/lc
- Genus: Scotophilus
- Greater Asiatic yellow bat Scotophilus heathi LR/lc
- Genus: Vespertilio
- Parti-coloured bat Vespertilio murinus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Miniopterinae
- Genus: Miniopterus
- Schreibers' long-fingered bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC
- Family: Rhinopomatidae
- Genus: Rhinopoma
- Lesser mouse-tailed bat Rhinopoma hardwickei LC
- Small mouse-tailed bat Rhinopoma muscatellum LR/lc
- Family: Molossidae
- Genus: Tadarida
- European free-tailed bat Tadarida teniotis LR/lc
- Family: Megadermatidae
- Genus: Megaderma
- Megaderma lyra LR/lc
- Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Blasius's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus blasii NT
- Bokhara horseshoe bat Rhinolophus bocharicus LR/lc
- Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
- Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC
- Blyth's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus lepidus LR/lc
- Mehely's horseshoe bat Rhinolophus mehelyi VU
- Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
- Genus: Asellia
- Trident leaf-nosed bat Asellia tridens LC
- Genus: Hipposideros
- Fulvus roundleaf bat Hipposideros fulvus LR/lc
Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. The following species are listed as historically present:[3] - Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Acinonyx
- Asiatic cheetah Acinonyx jubatus venaticus CR - nationally extinct
- Genus: Caracal
- Caracal Caracal caracal schmitzi LC
- Genus: Felis
- Jungle cat Felis chaus LC
- Asiatic wildcat Felis silvestris ornata LC
- Genus: Otocolobus
- Pallas's cat Otocolobus manul ferruginea NT
- Genus: Lynx
- Turkestan lynx Lynx lynx isabellinus NT
- Genus: Prionailurus
- Leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis LC
- Subfamily: Pantherinae
- Genus: Panthera
- Persian leopard Panthera pardus tulliana EN[4]
- Snow leopard Panthera uncia EN
- Caspian tiger Panthera tigris virgata EX
- Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
- Genus: Herpestes
- Indian gray mongoose Herpestes edwardsii LR/lc
- Small Asian mongoose Herpestes javanicus LR/lc
- Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
- Genus: Hyaena
- Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena LR/nt
- Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Genus: Vulpes
- Blanford's fox Vulpes cana VU
- Corsac fox Vulpes corsac LC
- Rueppell's fox Vulpes rueppelli DD
- Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
- Genus: Canis
- Common jackal Canis aureus aureus LC
- Indian wolf Canis lupus pallipes LC
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- Himalayan brown bear Ursus arctos isabellinus LR/lc
- Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus VU
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Mustela
- Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
- Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
- Genus: Vormela
- Marbled polecat Vormela peregusna LR/lc
- Genus: Martes
- Beech marten Martes foina LR/lc
- Yellow-throated marten Martes flavigula
- Genus: Meles
- European badger Meles meles LC
- Genus: Mellivora
- Ratel Mellivora capensis LR/lc
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter Lutra lutra NT
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. - Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
- Genus: Equus
- Turkmenian kulan Equus hemionus kulan EN - regionally extinct
- Persian onager Equus hemionus onager EN - regionally extinct
Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. - Family: Suidae (pigs)
- Subfamily: Suinae
- Genus: Sus
- Boar Sus scrofa LR/lc
- Family: Moschidae
- Genus: Moschus
- Kashmir musk deer Moschus cupreus EN
- Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Central Asian red deer Cervus affinis LR/lc
- Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
- Genus: Gazella
- Chinkara Gazella bennettii LC
- Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa VU
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Capra
- Wild goat Capra aegagrus VU
- Markhor Capra falconeri EN
- Siberian ibex Capra sibrica LR/lc
- Genus: Nemorhaedus
- Nemorhaedus goral LR/nt
- Genus: Ovis
- Argali Ovis ammon VU
- Mouflon Ovis orientalis VU
See also- List of chordate orders
- List of regional mammals lists
- List of prehistoric mammals
- Mammal classification
- New mammal species
Notes1. ^This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
2. ^Mohammadian,H.An Introduction to Mammals of Afghanistan.Shabpareh Publishing Institute.2011.Tehran.Iran.{{ISBN|978-600-5038-15-6}}
3. ^{{cite book |first=K. |last=Habibi |year=2003 |title=Mammals of Afghanistan |publisher=Zoo Outreach Organisation, USFWS |location=Coimbatore, India}}
4. ^Manati, A. R. (2012). Unterartenfrage Persischer Leoparden geklärt. Subspecies question of Persian Leopards clarified. Zoologischer Garten N.F. 81: 1–13.
References
|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=AF&aquatic%5B0%5D=all®ions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
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}}{{Asia topic|List of mammals of}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mammals Of Afghanistan}} 5 : Mammals of Afghanistan|Lists of biota of Afghanistan|Lists of mammals of Asia|Mammals of South Asia|Lists of mammals by location |