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词条 List of mammals of Morocco
释义

  1. Subclass: Theria

     Infraclass: Eutheria  Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)  Order: Proboscidea (elephants)  Order: Primates  Order: Rodentia (rodents)  Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)  Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)  Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)  Order: Chiroptera (bats)  Order: Cetacea (whales)  Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)  Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)  Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)  Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) 

  2. See also

  3. Notes

  4. References

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Morocco. These are the mammal species in Morocco.[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

EX}}Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW}}Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR}}Critically endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN}}Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU}}Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT}}Near threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC}}Least concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD}}Data deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)


Often called sengis, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout, which is vaguely similar to the trunk of an elephant (to whom they are distantly related) and their resemblance to the true shrews.

  • Family: Macroscelididae (elephant shrews)
    • Genus: Elephantulus
    • North African elephant shrew, Elephantulus rozeti {{IUCN status|LC}}

Order: Proboscidea (elephants)


The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

  • Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
    • Genus: Loxodonta
    • North African elephant, Loxodonta africana pharaoensis {{IUCN status|EX}} before 1500[2]

Order: Primates


The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.

  • Suborder: Haplorhini
    • Infraorder: Simiiformes
    • Parvorder: Catarrhini
    • Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
    • Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
    • Subfamily: Cercopithecinae
    • Genus: Macaca
    • Barbary macaque, Macaca sylvanus {{IUCN status|EN}}

Order: Rodentia (rodents)


Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

  • Suborder: Hystricognathi
    • Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
    • Subfamily: Hystricinae
    • Genus: Hystrix
    • Crested porcupine, Hystrix cristata {{IUCN status|EN}}
  • Suborder: Sciurognathi
    • Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
    • Subfamily: Xerinae
    • Tribe: Xerini
    • Genus: Atlantoxerus
    • Barbary ground squirrel, Atlantoxerus getulus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Xerus
    • Striped ground squirrel, Xerus erythropus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
    • Subfamily: Dipodinae
    • Genus: Jaculus
    • Lesser Egyptian jerboa, Jaculus jaculus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Greater Egyptian jerboa, Jaculus orientalis {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Family: Gliridae (dormice)
    • Subfamily: Leithiinae
    • Genus: Eliomys
    • Maghreb garden dormouse, Eliomys munbyanus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Garden dormouse, Eliomys quercinus {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Asian garden dormouse, Eliomys melanurus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Family: Muridae (mice, rats, gerbils)
    • Subfamily: Deomyinae
    • Genus: Acomys
    • Cairo spiny mouse, Acomys cahirinus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Chudeau's spiny mouse, Acomys chudeaui {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Subfamily: Gerbillinae
    • Genus: Dipodillus
    • North African gerbil, Dipodillus campestris {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Gerbillus
    • Lesser Egyptian gerbil, Gerbillus gerbillus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Pygmy gerbil, Gerbillus henleyi {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Western gerbil, Gerbillus hesperinus {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Hoogstraal's gerbil, Gerbillus hoogstraali {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Greater short-tailed gerbil, Gerbillus maghrebi {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Balochistan gerbil, Gerbillus nanus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Occidental gerbil, Gerbillus occiduus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Lesser short-tailed gerbil, Gerbillus simoni {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Tarabul's gerbil, Gerbillus tarabuli {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Meriones
    • Sundevall's jird, Meriones crassus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Moroccan jird, Meriones grandis {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Libyan jird, Meriones libycus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Shaw's jird, Meriones shawi {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Pachyuromys
    • Fat-tailed gerbil, Pachyuromys duprasi {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Psammomys
    • Fat sand rat, Psammomys obesus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Subfamily: Murinae
    • Genus: Apodemus
    • Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Lemniscomys
    • Barbary striped grass mouse, Lemniscomys barbarus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Mastomys
    • Guinea multimammate mouse, Mastomys erythroleucus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Mus
    • House mouse, Mus musculus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Algerian mouse, Mus spretus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Rattus
    • Brown rat, Rattus norvegicus {{IUCN status|LC}} introduced
    • Black rat, Rattus rattus {{IUCN status|LC}} introduced
    • Family: Ctenodactylidae
    • Genus: Ctenodactylus
    • Common gundi, Ctenodactylus gundi {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Val's gundi, Ctenodactylus vali {{IUCN status|DD}}

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)


The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

  • Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
    • Genus: Oryctolagus
    • European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Genus: Lepus
    • Cape hare, Lepus capensis {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • African savanna hare, Lepus microtis {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Granada hare, Lepus granatensis {{IUCN status|EN}}

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)


The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

  • Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
    • Subfamily: Erinaceinae
    • Genus: Atelerix
    • North African hedgehog, Atelerix algirus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Hemiechinus
    • Desert hedgehog, Paraechinus aethiopicus {{IUCN status|LC}}

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)


The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

  • Family: Soricidae (shrews)
    • Subfamily: Crocidurinae
    • Genus: Crocidura
    • Mauritanian shrew, Crocidura lusitania {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Greater white-toothed shrew, Crocidura russula {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Saharan shrew, Crocidura tarfayensis {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Savanna path shrew, Crocidura viaria {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Whitaker's shrew, Crocidura whitakeri {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Suncus
    • Etruscan shrew, Suncus etruscus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Talpa
    • Spanish mole, Talpa occidentalis {{IUCN status|CR}}

Order: Chiroptera (bats)


The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

  • Family: Vespertilionidae
    • Subfamily: Myotinae
    • Genus: Myotis
    • Long-fingered bat, Myotis capaccinii {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Geoffroy's bat, Myotis emarginatus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Whiskered bat, Myotis mystacinus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Zenati myotis, Myotis zenatius {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Felten's myotis, Myotis punicus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
    • Genus: Barbastella
    • Barbastelle, Barbastella barbastellus {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Genus: Eptesicus
    • Serotine bat, Eptesicus serotinus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Hypsugo
    • Savi's pipistrelle, Hypsugo savii {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Nyctalus
    • Greater noctule bat, Nyctalus lasiopterus {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Lesser noctule, Nyctalus leisleri {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Otonycteris
    • Desert long-eared bat, Otonycteris hemprichii {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Pipistrellus
    • Egyptian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus deserti {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Rüppell's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus rueppelli {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Plecotus
    • Mediterranean long-eared bat, Plecotus kolombatovici {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Subfamily: Miniopterinae
    • Genus: Miniopterus
    • Common bent-wing bat, Miniopterus schreibersii {{IUCN status|NT}}
  • Family: Rhinopomatidae
    • Genus: Rhinopoma
    • Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickei {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Greater mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma microphyllum {{IUCN status|LC}}
  • Family: Molossidae
    • Genus: Tadarida
    • European free-tailed bat, Tadarida teniotis {{IUCN status|LC}}
  • Family: Nycteridae
    • Genus: Nycteris
    • Egyptian slit-faced bat, Nycteris thebaica {{IUCN status|LC}}
  • Family: Rhinolophidae
    • Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
    • Genus: Rhinolophus
    • Blasius's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus blasii {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Mediterranean horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus euryale {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hipposideros {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Mehely's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus mehelyi {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
    • Genus: Asellia
    • Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Hipposideros
    • Sundevall's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros caffer {{IUCN status|LC}}

Order: Cetacea (whales)


The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

  • Suborder: Mysticeti
    • Family: Balaenidae (right whales)
    • Genus: Eubalaena
    • North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis {{IUCN status|CR}}
    • Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
    • Genus: Balaenoptera
    • Northern minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Genus: Megaptera
    • Humpback whale, Megaptera novaengliae {{IUCN status|LC}}
  • Suborder: Odontoceti
    • Family: Delphinidae (pilot whales and dolphins)
    • Genus: Delphinus
    • Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Genus: Globicephala
    • Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Grampus
    • Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Lagenodelphis
    • Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Orcinus
    • Orca, Orcinus orca {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Pseudorca
    • False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Feresa
    • Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Stenella
    • Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Steno
    • Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Tursiops
    • Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Family: Kogiidae (small sperm whales)
    • Genus: Kogia
    • Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Family: Phocoenidae (porpoises)
    • Genus: Phocoena
    • Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
    • Genus: Physeter
    • Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Family: Ziphiidae (beaked whales)
    • Genus: Hyperoodon
    • Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Mesoplodon
    • Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus {{IUCN status|DD}}
    • Genus: Ziphius
    • Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris {{IUCN status|DD}}

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

  • Suborder: Feliformia
    • Family: Felidae (cats)
    • Subfamily: Felinae
    • Genus: Caracal
    • Caracal Caracal caracal {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Genus: Felis
    • Sand cat Felis margarita {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • African wildcat Felis lybica {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Leptailurus
    • Serval Leptailurus serval {{IUCN status|CR}}
    • Subfamily: Pantherinae
    • Family: Viverridae
    • Subfamily: Viverrinae
    • Genus: Genetta
    • Common genet Genetta genetta {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
    • Genus: Herpestes
    • Egyptian mongoose Herpestes ichneumon {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
    • Genus: Hyaena
    • Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena {{IUCN status|VU}}
  • Suborder: Caniformia
    • Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
    • Genus: Vulpes
    • Rüppell's fox Vulpes rueppelli {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Red fox Vulpes vulpes {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Fennec fox Vulpes zerda {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Canis
    • African golden wolf Canis anthus
    • Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
    • Genus: Mustela
    • European polecat Mustela putorius {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Least weasel Mustela nivalis {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Ictonyx
    • Saharan striped polecat Ictonyx libyca {{IUCN status|LC}}
    • Genus: Mellivora
    • Ratel Mellivora capensis {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Genus: Lutra
    • European otter Lutra lutra {{IUCN status|NT}}
    • Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
    • Genus: Monachus
    • Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus {{IUCN status|CR}}

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)


The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

  • Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes)
    • Genus: Procavia
    • Cape hyrax, Procavia capensis {{IUCN status|CR}}

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)


The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and an odd number of anterior toes.

  • Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
    • Genus: Equus
    • African wild ass, Equus africanus {{IUCN status|EX}} before 1500[4]

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)


The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

  • Family: Suidae (pigs)
    • Subfamily: Suinae
    • Genus: Sus
    • North African boar, Sus scrofa algira {{IUCN status|LC}}
  • Family: Camelidae (camels, llamas)
    • Genus: Camelus
    • Dromedary, Camelus dromadrius - domesticated
  • Family: Cervidae (deer)
    • Subfamily: Cervinae
    • Genus: Cervus
    • Barbary stag, Cervus elaphus barbarus {{IUCN status|LC}}
  • Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
    • Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
    • Genus: Alcelaphus
    • Bubal hartebeest, Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus {{IUCN status|EX}}
    • Subfamily: Antilopinae
    • Genus: Gazella
    • Cuvier's gazelle, Gazella cuvieri {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Dama gazelle, Gazella dama {{IUCN status|CR}}
    • Dorcas gazelle, Gazella dorcas {{IUCN status|EN}}
    • Subfamily: Caprinae
    • Genus: Ammotragus
    • Barbary sheep, Ammotragus lervia {{IUCN status|VU}}
    • Subfamily: Hippotraginae
    • Genus: Addax
    • Addax, Addax nasomaculatus {{IUCN status|CR}}
    • Genus: Oryx
    • Scimitar oryx, Oryx dammah {{IUCN status|EW}}

See also

  • List of regional mammals lists
  • List of chordate orders
  • List of prehistoric mammals
  • Mammal classification
  • New mammal species

Notes

1. ^This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
2. ^Kingdon (1997)
3. ^Kingdon (1997)
4. ^Kingdon (1997)

References

  • {{cite web

|url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=MA&aquatic%5B0%5D=all®ions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
|title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Morocco
|publisher=IUCN
|year=2001
|accessdate = 22 May 2007

}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}

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|url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
|title=Mammal Species of the World
|publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
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  • {{cite web

|url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
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  • Aulagnier, S. et al. (2008) Guide des mammifères d'Europe, d'Afrique du Nord et de Moyen-Orient. Delachaux et Niestlé, Paris
  • Kingdon, J. (1997) The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals. Helm, London
  • Shirihai, H. & Jarrett, B. (2006) Whales, Dolphins and Seals: A Field Guide to the Marine Mammals of the World. A & C Black, London
{{Africa topic|List of mammals of}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List of mammals of Morocco}}

4 : Mammals of North Africa|Lists of biota of Morocco|Lists of mammals by location|Lists of mammals of Africa
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