“List of mammals of Saudi Arabia”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Saudi Arabia. There are eighty mammal species in Saudi Arabia, of which three are critically endangered, three are endangered, nine are vulnerable, and two are near threatened. Two of the species listed for Saudi Arabia are extinct.^[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

Order: Primates

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

See also

Notes

1. ^This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
2. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶⁷Carpenter E. K.. 1997. [https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=ljk_BYW8oHMC&pg=PA272&lpg=PA272&dq=saudi+arabia+killer+whale&source=bl&ots=X9GTeBkj5T&sig=NeejmDxMlmq29YZOffbobf5GMTg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjS6ImTraLTAhUEJJQKHUqACb8Q6AEIUjAM#v=onepage&q=whale&f=false Living Marine Resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates - Marine Mammals]. pp.255-260. The Food and Agriculture Organization. Retrieved on April 14, 2017
3. ^Baldwin R.. Gallagher M.. Waerebeek V. K..[https://www.cbd.int/doc/meetings/mar/ebsaws-2015-02/other/ebsaws-2015-02-gobi-submission4-en.pdf A Review of Cetaceans from Waters off the Arabian Peninsula] (pdf). Retrieved on April 14, 2017
4. ^Megaptera novaeangliae (Arabian Sea subpopulation)
5. ^Babbington J.. 2013. Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin – Offshore Farasan Islands. Birds of Saudi Arabia. Retrieved on April 14, 2017
6. ^{{cite book |authors=Nowell, K., Jackson, P. |chapter= |title=Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan |url=http://carnivoractionplans1.free.fr/wildcats.pdf |year=1996 |publisher=IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group |location= Gland, Switzerland |isbn=2-8317-0045-0 |pages=1–344}}
7. ^{{IUCN |authors=Stein, A.B., Athreya, V., Gerngross, P., Balme, G., Henschel, P., Karanth, U., Miquelle, D., Rostro, S., Kamler, J.F. and Laguardia, A. |year=2016 |taxon=Panthera pardus |id=15954 |version=2018-1 |page=e.T15958A5333919}}{|doi|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T15958A5333919.en}}
8. ^{{IUCN |assessor=Mech, L.D. |assessor2=Boitani, L. |assessor3=IUCN SSC Wolf Specialist Group |last-author-amp=yes |taxon= Canis lupus |version=2018-1 |page=e.T3746A10049204 |year=2010 |id=3746}} {{doi|10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T3746A10049204.en}}
9. ^{{IUCN |assessor=Moehlman, P. |assessor2=Feh, C. |last-assessor-amp=yes |year=2002 |taxon=Equus hemionus ssp. hemippus |id=7962 |version=2015.2}}