“List of mammals of Tunisia”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Tunisia. These are the mammal species in Tunisia, of which 3 are critically endangered, 3 are endangered, 9 are vulnerable, and 2 are near-threatened.

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)

Often called sengisi, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews.

Order: Primates

The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.

Order: Rodentia (rodents-rats, mice etc)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

See also

Notes

1. ^This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
2. ^{{cite journal|author= Notarbartolo di Sciara G.|year=2002|title=Cetacean Species Occurring in the Mediterranean and Black Seas|url=http://www.oceandocs.org/bitstream/handle/1834/840/Notarbartolo2.pdf?sequence=1|format=pdf|journal=Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas: state of knowledge and conservation strategies. A report to the ACCOBAMS Secretariat, Monaco|pages=1–18|publisher=Istituto Centrale per la Ricerca Applicata al Mare and the ACCOBAMS|accessdate=2016-04-16}}
3. ^https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261530754_Are_humpback_whales_electing_the_Mediterranean_Sea_as_new_residence
4. ^http://www.pelagosinstitute.gr/en/pelagos/pdfs/mediterranean_megaptera.pdf
5. ^[https://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=56C3488F-1 COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the North Atlantic Right Whale Eubalaena glacialis in Canada - 2013- Wildlife Species Description and Significance]
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://whale.wheelock.edu/archives/info97/0015.html|title=WhaleNet Information Archive 1997: Right whale sighting in the Mediterranean Sea (fwd)|publisher=|accessdate=14 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305142813/http://whale.wheelock.edu/archives/info97/0015.html|archive-date=2016-03-05|dead-url=yes|df=}}
7. ^{{cite journal|authors=Monsarrat S., Pennino G. M., Smith D. T., Reeves R.R., Meynard N. C., Kaplan M. D., Rodrigues L. S. A. |year=2015|title=Historical summer distribution of the endangered North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis): a hypothesis based on environmental preferences of a congeneric species|url=http://www.cefe.cnrs.fr/images/D_BC/eq_DPB/Perso/ana_rodrigues/pdfs/Monsarrat_etal_2015_DiversDistributions.pdf|format=pdf|pages=925–937|journal=Diversity and Distributions |volume=21 |publisher=|accessdate=2016-04-20 |doi=10.1111/ddi.12314}}

References

Gharaibeh, B. M. 1997. Systematics, distribution, and zoogeography of mammals of Tunisia. PhD Dissertation. Texas Tech University