“List of mammals of Uzbekistan”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

List of mammals of Uzbekistan

释义

Subclass: Theria
Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Rodentia (rodents) Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons) Order: Chiroptera (bats) Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
Notes
References
See also

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Uzbekistan. There are 64 mammal species in Uzbekistan, of which 1 is critically endangered, 3 are endangered, 6 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened.^[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

EX	Extinct	No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW	Extinct in the wild	Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR	Critically Endangered	The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN	Endangered	The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU	Vulnerable	The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT	Near Threatened	The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC	Least Concern	There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD	Data Deficient	There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

LR/cd	Lower Risk/conservation dependent	Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt	Lower Risk/near threatened	Species which are close to being classified as Vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc	Lower Risk/least concern	Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Subclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

Suborder: Sciurognathi
- Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
- Subfamily: Xerinae
- Tribe: Xerini
- Genus: Spermophilopsis
- Long-clawed ground squirrel Spermophilopsis leptodactylus LR/lc
- Tribe: Marmotini
- Genus: Marmota
- Long-tailed marmot Marmota caudata LR/nt
- Menzbier's marmot Marmota menzbieri VU
- Genus: Spermophilus
- Yellow ground squirrel Spermophilus fulvus LR/lc
- Little ground squirrel Spermophilus pygmaeus LR/lc
- Family: Gliridae (dormice)
- Subfamily: Leithiinae
- Genus: Dryomys
- Forest dormouse Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
- Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
- Subfamily: Allactaginae
- Genus: Allactaga
- Great jerboa Allactaga major LR/lc
- Severtzov's jerboa Allactaga severtzovi LR/lc
- Vinogradov's jerboa Allactaga vinogradovi LR/lc
- Genus: Allactodipus
- Bobrinski's jerboa Allactodipus bobrinskii LR/lc
- Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
- Genus: Salpingotus
- Heptner's pygmy jerboa Salpingotus heptneri LR/nt
- Subfamily: Dipodinae
- Genus: Dipus
- Northern three-toed jerboa Dipus sagitta LR/lc
- Genus: Eremodipus
- Lichtenstein's jerboa Eremodipus lichtensteini LR/lc
- Genus: Jaculus
- Turkmen jerboa Jaculus turcmenicus LR/lc
- Genus: Paradipus
- Comb-toed jerboa Paradipus ctenodactylus LR/lc
- Genus: Stylodipus
- Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa Stylodipus telum LR/lc
- Family: Cricetidae
- Subfamily: Arvicolinae
- Genus: Blanfordimys
- Afghan vole Blanfordimys afghanus LR/lc
- Genus: Ellobius
- Zaisan mole vole Ellobius tancrei LR/lc
- Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
- Subfamily: Gerbillinae
- Genus: Meriones
- Libyan jird Meriones libycus LC
- Midday jird Meriones meridianus LR/lc
- Tamarisk jird Meriones tamariscinus LR/lc
- Subfamily: Murinae
- Genus: Nesokia
- Short-tailed bandicoot rat Nesokia indica LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
- Genus: Ochotona
- Turkestan red pika Ochotona rutila LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
- Subfamily: Erinaceinae
- Genus: Hemiechinus
- Long-eared hedgehog Hemiechinus auritus LR/lc
- Brandt's hedgehog Hemiechinus hypomelas LR/lc

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

Family: Soricidae (shrews)
- Subfamily: Crocidurinae
- Genus: Crocidura
- Gueldenstaedt's shrew Crocidura gueldenstaedtii LR/lc
- Lesser white-toothed shrew Crocidura suaveolens LR/lc
- Genus: Diplomesodon
- Piebald shrew Diplomesodon pulchellum LR/lc
- Subfamily: Soricinae
- Tribe: Soricini
- Genus: Sorex
- Eurasian pygmy shrew Sorex minutus LR/lc

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

Family: Vespertilionidae
- Subfamily: Myotinae
- Genus: Myotis
- Long-fingered bat Myotis capaccinii VU
- Geoffroy's bat Myotis emarginatus VU
- Fraternal myotis Myotis frater LR/nt
- Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
- Genus: Eptesicus
- Bobrinski's serotine Eptesicus bobrinskoi LR/lc
- Botta's serotine Eptesicus bottae LC
- Genus: Nyctalus
- Greater noctule bat Nyctalus lasiopterus LR/nt
- Lesser noctule Nyctalus leisleri LR/nt
Family: Rhinolophidae
- Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
- Genus: Rhinolophus
- Bokhara horseshoe bat Rhinolophus bocharicus LR/lc
- Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum LR/nt
- Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros LC

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

Suborder: Feliformia
- Family: Felidae (cats)
- Subfamily: Felinae
- Genus: Acinonyx
- Asiatic cheetah Acinonyx jubatus venaticus CR
- Genus: Caracal
- Caracal Caracal caracal LC
- Genus: Felis
- Jungle cat Felis chaus LC
- Turkestan sand cat Felis margarita thinobia NT
- Wildcat Felis silvestris LC
- Pallas's cat Felis manul NT
- Genus: Lynx
- Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx NT
- Subfamily: Pantherinae
- Genus: Panthera
- Persian leopard Panthera pardus ciscaucasica EN
- Caspian tiger Panthera tigris virgata EX
- Snow leopard Panthera uncia EN
- Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
- Genus: Hyaena
- Striped hyena Hyaena hyaena LR/nt
Suborder: Caniformia
- Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
- Genus: Vulpes
- Corsac fox Vulpes corsac LC
- Red fox Vulpes vulpes LC
- Genus: Canis
- Gray wolf Canis lupus LC
- Family: Ursidae (bears)
- Genus: Ursus
- Brown bear Ursus arctos LR/lc
- Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
- Genus: Mustela
- Stoat Mustela erminea LR/lc
- Steppe polecat Mustela eversmannii LR/lc
- Least weasel Mustela nivalis LR/lc
- Genus: Vormela
- Marbled polecat Vormela peregusna LR/lc
- Genus: Lutra
- European otter Lutra lutra NT

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
Genus: Equus
Turkmenian kulan Equus hemionus kulan NT

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

Family: Cervidae (deer)
- Subfamily: Cervinae
- Genus: Cervus
- Central Asian red deer Cervus affinis LR/lc
Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
- Subfamily: Antilopinae
- Genus: Gazella
- Goitered gazelle Gazella subgutturosa VU
- Genus: Saiga
- Saiga antelope Saiga tatarica CR
- Subfamily: Caprinae
- Genus: Capra
- Markhor Capra falconeri EN
- Genus: Ovis
- Argali Ovis ammon VU

Notes

1. ^This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.

References

{{cite web

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|title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Uzbekistan
|publisher=IUCN
|year=2001
|accessdate = 22 May 2007

}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}

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|url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
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|publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
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{{cite web

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}}