This office is considered one of the most important in Portugal's politics, even more sought than the office of minister (following António Costa's resignation from a ministerial position to dispute the 2007 elections, which he won).
| № | Portrait | President
(Birth–Death) | Term of office | Political party | Note |
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| 2 | Luís Moura
(1801–1865) | 1840 | 1840 |
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| 3 | Joaquim Bonifácio
(1801–1865) | 1840 | 1840 |
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| 4 | José Gomes
(1800–1882) | 1840 | 1842 |
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| 5 | Joaquim Bandeira
(1XXX–1XXX) | 1843 | 1845 |
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| 6 | Luís Cabral
(1763–1XXX) | 1846 | 1846 |
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| 6 | Luís Cabral
(1763–1XXX) | 1846 | 1846 |
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| 7 | Augusto Silva
(1XXX–1XXX) | 1847 | 1847 |
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| 8 | Gonçalo Carvalho
(1XXX–1XXX) | November 1847 | 2 January 1849 |
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| 9 | Nuno Bastos
(1XXX–1XXX) | 1850 | 1852 |
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| 10 | Alberto Carvalho
(1XXX–1XXX) | 1852 | 1853 |
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| 11 | Manuel Monteiro
(1818–1890) | 1854 | 1858 |
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| 12 | Júlio Pimentel
(1809–1884) | 1858 | 1859 |
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| 13 | João Sousa
(1811–1872) | 1859 | 1860 |
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| 14 | António Carvalho
(1818–1864) | 1860 | 4 August 1864 | Died in office. |
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| 15 | Manuel Almeida
(1803–1873) | 1864 | 2 January 1866 |
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| 16 | António Silva
(1806–1894) | 2 January 1866 | 5 March 1868 |
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| 17 | Luís Lorena
(1828–1894) | 5 March 1868 | 2 January 1870 | Progressive |
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| 18 | António Sousa
(1836–1892) | 2 January 1870 | 1871 |
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| 19 | Francisco Mendonça
(18XX–1882) | 1872 | 1875 |
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| 20 | Luís Albuquerque
(1819–1906) | 1876 | 1877 |
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| 21 | António Sousa
(1836–1892) | 23 June 1877 | 1 August 1877 |
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| 22 | Luís Lorena
(1828–1894) | 1 August 1877 | 2 January 1878 | Progressive |
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| 23 | José Garcia
(1830–1891) | 2 January 1878 | 18 August 1878 | Reformist
Republican |
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| 24 | José Araújo
(1840–1893) | 18 August 1878 | 2 January 1886 |
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| 25 | Fernando Cabral
(1850–1897) | 2 January 1886 | 10 March 1890 | Regenerator
Progressive |
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| 26 | Simões Margiochi
(1848–1904) | 11 March 1890 | 4 November 1890 | Regenerator |
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| 27 | Pedro Sarmento
(1829–1903) | 4 November 1890 | 8 August 1891 |
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| 28 | Manuel Ottolini
(1840–1898) | 10 August 1891 | 2 January 1894 |
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| 29 | Pedro Franco
(1833–1902) | 2 January 1894 | 15 February 1897 | Progressive |
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| 30 | Zófimo Pedroso
(1851–1910) | 15 February 1897 | 1 January 1899 | Republican |
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| 31 | Pedro Franco
(1833–1902) | 1 January 1899 | 11 September 1901 | Progressive |
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| 32 | António de Ávila
(1842–1917) | 11 September 1901 | 1902 |
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| 33 | António Castelo Branco
(1842–1916) | 1904 | 1907 |
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| 34 | Teodoro Basto
(1839–1920) | 3 January 1907 | 6 June 1907 |
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| 35 | José Sousa
(1858–1925) | 8 June 1907 | 17 February 1908 | Regenerator |
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| 36 | António Castelo Branco
(1842–1916) | 1908 | 1908 |
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| 37 | Anselmo Freire
(1849–1921) | 27 October 1910 | 1 February 1913 | Served as Deputy Mayor from 1908 to 1910. |
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| 38 | António Barreto
(1853–1939) | 6 February 1913 | 2 January 1914 |
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| 39 | João Menezes
(1854–1942) | 2 January 1914 | 18 April 1914 |
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| 40 | Eduardo Basto
(1875–1942) | 18 April 1914 | 12 December 1914 |
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| 41 | Henrique Vilhena
(1879–1958) | 2 January 1915 | 1 November 1915 |
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| 42 | João Gomes
(1868–1929) | 1 November 1915 | 2 January 1918 |
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| 43 | Alfredo Gaspar
(1865–1938) | 2 January 1918 | 14 January 1918 |
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| 44 | José Maia
(1878–1921) | 14 January 1918 | 9 March 1918 | Resigned after appointment as Ministry of Maritime Affairs. |
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| 45 | Zeferino Pacheco
(1856–1924) | 15 March 1918 | 27 June 1918 |
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| 46 | José Castro
(1870–1954) | June 1918 | February 1919 |
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| 47 | Alberto Vidal
(1871–1967) | 7 March 1919 | 16 June 1919 |
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| 48 | Alfredo Gaspar
(1865–1938) | 16 June 1919 | 2 January 1920 |
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| 49 | Agostinho Estrela
(1867–1952) | 2 January 1920 | 3 April 1923 |
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| 50 | Albano Durão
(1871–1925) | 5 April 1923 | 13 November 1925 | Republican |
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| 51 | Sebastião Santos
(1881–1939) | 23 November 1925 | 31 December 1925 | Served as Deputy Mayor from 1924 to 1925. |
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| 52 | João Menezes
(1854–1942) | 2 January 1926 | 2 July 1926 |
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| 53 | José Freitas
(1869–1952) | 2 July 1926 | 31 December 1934 | Appointed by the Government of the Ditadura Nacional. |
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| 54 | Eugénio Ferreira
(1867–1947) | 26 August 1927 | 15 August 1929 | Appointed by the Government of the Estado Novo. |
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| 55 | Adriano Macedo
(1870–1933) | 17 February 1932 | 19 May 1932 | Appointed by the Government of the Estado Novo. |
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| 56 | Henrique Lima
(1876–1953) | 18 February 1934 | 31 December 1934 |
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| 57 | Daniel Sousa
(1867–1958) | 31 December 1934 | 31 December 1937 |
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| 58 | Duarte Pacheco
(1900–1943) | 3 January 1938 | 16 November 1943 |
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| 59 | Eduardo Carvalho
(1891–1970) | 25 March 1938 | 4 March 1944 |
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| 60 | Álvaro Barreto
(1890–1975) | 6 March 1944 | 28 March 1959 |
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| 61 | António Borges
(1901–1986) | 30 March 1959 | 28 February 1970 |
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| 62 | Fernando Castro
(1922–1983) | 11 March 1970 | 20 October 1972 | Resigned after appointment as Governor of Angola. |
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| 63 | António Sebastião
(1919–2005) | 27 October 1972 | 7 May 1974 |
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| 64 | João Conceição
(1927–) | 7 May 1974 | 2 September 1974 |
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| 65 | Joaquim Rodrigues
(1925–2004) | 2 September 1974 | 19 November 1975 |
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| 66 | Lino Ferreira
(1936–) | 18 December 1975 | 30 December 1976 |
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| 67 | Aquilino Machado
(1930–2012) | 4 January 1977 | 8 January 1980 | Socialist | First democratically elected Mayor of Lisbon after the Carnation Revolution. |
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| 68 | Nuno Krus Abecasis
(1929–1999) | 8 January 1980 | 22 January 1990 | Democratic Alliance
Social Democratic | Won re-election in 1982 as a member of the Democratic Alliance, but after the party was disbanded in 1983, Abecasis became a member of PSD and won re-election in 1985. |
| 69 | Jorge Sampaio
(1939–) | 22 January 1990 | 15 November 1995 | Socialist | Re-elected in 1993. Resigned after being elected President of the Republic. |
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| 70 | João Soares
(1949–) | 15 November 1995 | 23 January 2002 | Socialist | Re-elected in 1997. |
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| 71 | Pedro Santana Lopes
(1956–) | 23 January 2002 | 17 July 2004 | Social Democratic | Resigned in order to become Prime Minister, following Durão Barroso's resignation to become president of the European Commission. |
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| 72 | Carmona Rodrigues
(1956–) | 17 July 2004 | 14 March 2005 | Social Democratic | Formerly deputy mayor, replaced Santana Lopes when he became Prime Minister. Then became deputy mayor again as PSD lost the legislative election and Santana failed to remain in office as Prime Minister. |
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| 73 | Pedro Santana Lopes
(1956–) | 14 March 2005 | 28 October 2005 | Social Democratic | Returned after having lost the legislative elections. Didn't run again (2005). |
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| 74 | Carmona Rodrigues
(1956–) | 28 October 2005 | 17 May 2007 | Social Democratic | Replaced Pedro Santana Lopes as PSD candidate and won 2005 local election. Removed from office following an investigation being conducted into allegations of corruption surrounding himself and his cabinet. Disputed the mid-term election on 15 July 2007 without any party's support, but lost. |
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| 75 | Marina Ferreira
(1959–) | 18 May 2007 | 31 July 2007 | Social Democratic | Appointed Mayor as a result of Carmona Rodrigues' departure. |
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| 76 | António Costa
(1961–) | 1 August 2007 | 6 April 2015 | Socialist | Elected in mid-term elections, for the 2-year remainder. Reelected twice (in 2009 and 2013). Resigned in 2015, following his election as General Secretary of the Socialist Party, in order to focus on the campaign for the legislative elections. Later became Prime Minister. |
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| 77 | Fernando Medina
(1973–) | 6 April 2015 | Incumbent | Socialist | Formerly deputy mayor (2013–15), replaced António Costa. |
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