| 释义 |
- Scope and terminology
- Mosasaur genera
- See also
- Notes References
This list of mosasaurs is a comprehensive listing of all genera that have ever been included in the family Mosasauridae or the parent clade Mosasauroidea, excluding purely vernacular terms. The list includes all commonly accepted genera, but also genera that are now considered invalid, doubtful (nomen dubium), or were not formally published (nomen nudum), as well as junior synonyms of more established names, and genera that are no longer considered mosasauroid. Non-mosasaurid mosasauroids shall be noted as such. The list currently includes 78 genera. Scope and terminologyThere is no official, canonical list of mosasaur genera but one of the most thorough attempts can be found on the "Pythonomorpha" section of Mikko Haaramo's Phylogeny Archive. Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Technical terms used include: - Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more genera are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same genus, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
- Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are therefore not italicized as a proper generic name would be. If the name is later formally published, that name is no longer a nomen nudum and will be italicized on this list. Often, the formally published name will differ from any nomina nuda that describe the same specimen. In this case, these nomina nuda will be deleted from this list in favor of the published name.
- Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced. As preoccupied names are not valid generic names, they will also go unitalicized on this list.
- Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features.
Mosasaur genera | | | Genus | Authors | Year | Status | Location | Notes |
|---|
ActeosaurusMeyer
1860Valid. {{flag|Slovenia}}More basal than the Mosasauridae, potentially a non-mosasaurid mosasauroid, though likely more basal.[1] Perhaps a dolichosaurid. AdriosaurusSeeley
1881Valid. {{flag|Slovenia}}More basal than the Mosasauridae, its position within Squamata is uncertain. AigialosaurusKramberger
1892Valid. {{flag|Croatia}}Non-mosasaurid mosasauroid, classified within the Aigialosauridae. AmphekepubisMehl
1930Nomen dubium.{{flag|Mexico}} | Possible junior synonym of Mosasaurus. | AmphorosteusGibbs
1851Nomen dubium. {{flag|USA}}Nomen dubium. AncylocentrumSchmidt
1927Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Prognathodon. AngolasaurusTelles-Antunes
1964Valid. {{flag|Angola}}{{flag|Niger}}{{flag|USA}}{{flag|Brazil}} BaptosaurusMarsh
1870Jr. synonym. N/A Junior synonym of Halisaurus. BaseodonLeidy
1865Jr. synonym. N/A Junior synonym of Mosasaurus. | BatrachiosaurusHarlan
1839Jr. synonym. N/A Junior synonym of Mosasaurus. BrachysauranaStrand
1928Jr. synonym. N/A Junior synonym of Prognathodon. BrachysaurusWilliston
1897Preoccupied. N/A Preoccupied by a junior synonym of an iguanian lizard genus, Stenocercus;[2] referred to replacement names Brachysaurana and Ancylocentrum, of which Ancylocentrum has priority as such. CarinodensWoodward
1891Valid. {{flag|Morocco}}
{{flag|Netherlands}}
{{flag|Ukraine}}
{{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|Belgium}}
CarsosaurusKornhuber
1893Valid. {{flag|Slovenia}} ClidastesCope
1868Valid. {{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
{{flag|Germany}}
{{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|Mexico}}
CompressidensDollo
1924Preoccupied. N/A Preoccupied by a tusk shell; later renamed Carinodens. DallasaurusPolcyn
Bell
2005 Valid.{{flag|USA}}
| DolichosaurusOwen
1894Valid. {{flag|UK}}
Non-mosasaurid mosasauroid. DollosaurusYakovlev
1901Disputed. {{flag|Spain}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|Russia}}
Possible junior synonym of Prognathodon. >Ectenosaurus Russel
1967Valid. {{flag|USA}}
|
EdestosaurusMarsh
1871Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Clidastes. EidolosaurusNopcsa
1923Valid. {{flag|Slovenia}}
Potentially a non-mosasaurid mosasauroid, though has an uncertain phylogenetic placement. ElliptonodonEmmons
1858Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Tylosaurus. EonatatorBardet
Pereda Suberbiola
Iarochène
Bouya
Amaghzaz 2005Valid. {{flag|Colombia}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
Eremiasaurus[3]Leblanc
Caldwell
Bardet 2012Valid. {{flag|Morocco}}
Type species is Eremiasaurus heterodontus. GlobidensGilmore
1912Valid. {{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Belgium}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
{{flag|Angola}}
{{flag|Syria}}
{{flag|Morocco}}
{{flag|Egypt}}
{{flag|Brazil}}{{flag|Indonesia}} GoronyosaurusAzzaroli
de Guili
Ficcarelli
Torre
1972Valid. {{flag|Morocco}}
HaasiasaurusPolcyn
Tchernov
Jacobs
2003Valid. {{flag|State of Palestine}}
HainosaurusDollo
1885Valid. {{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|Poland}}
{{flag|USA}}
{{flag|France}}
{{flag|Belgium}}
{{flag|Spain}}
HalisaurusMarsh
1869Valid. {{flag|Morocco}}
{{flag|Niger}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
{{flag|Peru}}
{{flag|Zaire}}
{{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|Belgium}}
Renamed Baptosaurus Marsh, 1870 when Marsh thought the name was preoccupied by a fish: Halosaurus. Modern rules allow the original. HolcodusGibbs
1851Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Platecarpus. HolosaurusMarsh
1880Preoccupied. Referred to Platecarpus. HydrosaurusKornhuber
1873Preoccupied. Preoccupied by an agamid lizard; renamed Pontosaurus. IgdamanosaurusZdansky
1935Valid. {{flag|Niger}}
{{flag|Egypt}}
{{flag|Morocco}}
| Kaikaifilu | Otero et al. | 2016 | Valid. | Antarctica}} | KolposaurusCamp
1942Preoccupied. Preoccupied by a junior synonym of Nothosaurus,[4] referred to Plotosaurus KomensaurusCaldwell
Palci
2007Valid. {{flag|Slovenia}}
KourisodonNicholls
Meckert
2002Valid. {{flag|Japan}}
{{flag|Canada}}
LakumasaurusNovas
Fernandez
Gasparini
de Lirio
Mumez
Puerta
2002Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Taniwhasaurus. Latoplatecarpus[5]Konishi
Caldwell 2011Valid. {{flag|Canada}}
Type species is Latoplatecarpus willistoni. A second species is Latoplatecarpus nichollsae originally described in genus Plioplatecarpus.[6] LeiodonOwen
1841Preoccupied. {{flag|Spain}}
{{flag|Ukraine}}
{{flag|UK}}
Preoccupied by a fish, referred to Liodon. LesticodusLeidy
1861Nomen dubium. Nomen dubium. LestosaurusMarsh
1872Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Platecarpus. LiodonAgassiz
1846Nomen dubium. {{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Germany}}
{{flag|New Zealand}}
{{flag|Angola}}
Dubious genus due to the fragmentary nature of the type specimen and the type species L. anceps. All species referred to it likely do not belong to the same genus. | MacrosaurusOwen
1849Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Halisaurus. MesoleptosCornalia
1851Valid. {{flag|Croatia}}
{{flag|Slovenia}}
{{flag|State of Palestine}}
More basal than the Mosasauridae, its position within Squamata is uncertain. MoanasaurusWiffen
1980Valid. MosasaurusConybeare
1822Valid. {{flag|UK}}
{{flag|Bulgaria}}
{{flag|Canada}}
{{flag|New Zealand}}
{{flag|Netherlands}}
{{flag|Turkey}}
{{flag|Poland}}
{{flag|Angola}}
{{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Zaire}}
{{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|South Africa}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|Poland}}
{{flag|Syria}}
{{flag|Spain}}
{{flag|Japan}}
{{flag|Denmark}}
{{flag|Belgium}}
{{flag|Niger}}
{{flag|Italy}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
NectoportheusCope
1868Jr. synonym. | Junior synonym of Mosasaurus. | OpetiosaurusKornhuber
1901 Disputed. | Possible junior synonym of Aigialosaurus. | OterognathusDollo
1889 Jr. synonym. | Junior synonym of Plioplatecarpus. | PannoniasaurusMakádi
Caldwell
Ősi
2012 Valid. | PhosphorosaurusDollo
1889 Valid.{{flag|Angola}}
| PlatecarpusCope
1869Valid. {{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Angola}}
{{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|Syria}}
{{flag|Egypt}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|Morocco}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
{{flag|Canada}}
{{flag|Brazil}}
{{flag|Spain}}
{{flag|Niger}}
{{flag|Australia}}
Plesioplatecarpus[5]Konishi
Caldwell 2011Valid. Type species is Plesioplatecarpus planifrons, originally described in genus Clidastes, and later recombined in Platecarpus. PlesiotylosaurusCamp
1942 Valid. | PlioplatecarpusDollo
1882Valid. {{flag|USA}}
PlotosaurusCamp
1951 Valid.{{flag|USA}}
| PluridensLingham-Sollar
1998 Valid.{{flag|Niger}}
| PontosaurusKornhuber
1873 Valid.{{flag|Croatia}}
{{flag|Lebanon}}
| Potentially a non-mosasaurid mosasauroid, though has an uncertain phylogenetic placement. | ProaigialosaurusKuhn
1958 Valid. | Non-mosasaurid mosasauroid, classified within the Aigialosauridae. | PrognathodonDollo
1889 Valid.{{flag|Belgium}}
{{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Saudi Arabia}}
{{flag|Spain}}
{{flag|Israel}}
{{flag|Angola}}
{{flag|Italy}}
{{flag|New Zealand}}
{{flag|Zaire}}
{{flag|Russia}}
{{flag|Canada}}
{{flag|Poland}}
{{flag|France}}
{{flag|Germany}}
{{flag|Netherlands}}
{{flag|Syria}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
| Possibly paraphyletic. | PrognathosaurusDollo
1889 Jr. synonym. | Junior synonym of Prognathodon. | PterycollosaurusDollo
1882 Jr. synonym. | Junior synonym of Mosasaurus. | RhamphosaurusCope
1872Preoccupied. Preoccupied by another lizard, referred to Tylosaurus. RhinosaurusMarsh
1872Preoccupied. Preoccupied,[7] referred to Tylosaurus. Rikisaurus[8]Wiffen
1990Jr. synonym. {{flag|New Zealand}}
Junior synonym of Moanasaurus. RikkisaurusBell
Caldwell
Holmes
Wiffen
McKee
1999Lapsus calami. Lapsus calami of Rikisaurus. Romeosaurus[9]Palci
Caldwell
Papzzoni
2013Valid. {{flag|Italy}}
Russellosaurus[10]Polson
Bell
2005Valid. {{flag|USA}}
SaurochampsaWagler
1830Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Mosasaurus. Selmasaurus[11]Wright
Shannon
1988Valid. {{flag|USA}}
SironectesCope
1840Jr. synonym. Junior synonym of Platecarpus. TaniwhasaurusHector
1874Valid. {{flag|Antarctica}}
{{flag|New Zealand}}
{{flag|Japan}}
Tethysaurus[12]Bardet
Superbiola
Jalil
2003Valid. {{flag|Morocco}}
TylosaurusMarsh
1872Valid. {{flag|USA}}
{{flag|Canada}}
{{flag|Spain}}
{{flag|Jordan}}
{{flag|Mexico}}
{{flag|Sweden}}
{{flag|New Zealand}}
Vallecillosaurus[13]Smith
Buchy
2008Valid. {{flag|Mexico}}
More basal than the Mosasauridae, its position within Squamata is uncertain. YaguarasaurusParamo
1994 Valid.{{flag|Colombia}}
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See also {{Portalbar|Mosasaurs|Lepidosaurs|Reptiles|Cretaceous|Mesozoic|Paleontology|}}- Mosasaur
- Platynota
- Aigialosaur
Notes 1. ^Redescription of Acteosaurus tommasinii von Meyer, 1860, and a discussion of evolutionary trends within the clade Ophidiomorpha. 2010.
2. ^Stenocercus at Herpbreeder.com {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070429204524/http://www.herpbreeder.com/worldspecies/Sauria/iguania/stenocercus.htm |date=April 29, 2007 }}. Retrieved 12-03-2007.
3. ^{{cite journal |last=Leblanc |first=A.R.H. |author2=Caldwell, M.W. |author3= Bardet, N. |year=2012 |title=A new mosasaurine from the Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) phosphates of Morocco and its implications for mosasaurine systematics |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=82–104 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2012.624145}}
4. ^Sauropterygia at Paleofile.com. Retrieved 12-03-2007.
5. ^1 {{cite journal |author1=Konishi, T. |author2=Caldwell, M.W. |year=2011 |title=Two new plioplatecarpine (Squamata, Mosasauridae) genera from the Upper Cretaceous of North America, and a global phylogenetic analysis of plioplatecarpines |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=31 |issue=4 |pages=754–783 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2011.579023}}
6. ^{{cite journal |last=Cuthbertson |first=R.S. |author2=Mallon, J.C. |author3=Campione, N.E. |author4= Holmes, R.B. |year=2007 |title=A new species of mosasaur (Squamata: Mosasauridae) from the Pierre Shale (lower Campanian) of Manitoba |journal=Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |volume=44 |issue=5 |pages=593–606 |doi=10.1139/e07-006}}
7. ^Edward Drinker Cope "On the structure of the Pythonomorpha". (1872) Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 24:140-141
8. ^Wiffen, J. 1990: New mosasaurs (Reptilia; family Mosasauridae) from the Upper Cretaceous of North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand journal of geology and geophysics, 33: 67-85.
9. ^{{Cite journal|author=Alessandro Palci, Michael W. Caldwell and Cesare A. Papazzoni |year=2013 |title=A new genus and subfamily of mosasaurs from the Upper Cretaceous of northern Italy |journal=Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology |volume=33 |issue=3 |pages=599–612 |doi=10.1080/02724634.2013.731024 }}
10. ^Polcyn, M. J. & Bell Jr., G. L., 2005: Russellosaurus coheni n. gen., n. sp., a 92 million-year-old mosasaur from Texas (USA), and the definition of the parafamily Russellosaurina. –Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw: Vol. 84, #3.
11. ^Wright, K. R. & Shannon, S. W., 1988: Selmasaurus russelli, a new plioplatecarpine mosasaur (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from Alabama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology: Vol. 8, #1, pp. 102-107
12. ^Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, and N-E. Jalil. 2003. A new mosasauroid (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Palevol 2:607–616.
13. ^Smith, K.T. and Buchy, M-C. 2008 A new aigialosaur (Squamata-Anguimorpha) with soft tissue remains from the Upper Cretaceous of Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(1): 85-94.
References - Pythonomorpha at Mikko's Phylogeny Archive. Retrieved 12-03-2007.
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20080502054809/http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/mosa.html Mosasauridae Translation and Pronunciation Guide at Dinosauria.com]. Retrieved 12-03-2007.
{{Mosasauridae}} 3 : Mosasaurs|Lists of prehistoric reptiles|Lists of prehistoric animal genera (alphabetic) |