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词条 List of national parks of Indonesia
释义

  1. Java

  2. Kalimantan

  3. Lesser Sunda Islands

  4. Maluku and Papua

  5. Sulawesi

  6. Sumatra

  7. See also

  8. References

  9. External links

{{EngvarB|date=September 2015}}{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2015}}

This is the list of the national parks of Indonesia.[1] Of the 54 national parks, 6 are World Heritage Sites, 9 are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves[2] and 5 are wetlands of international importance under the Ramsar convention. A total of 9 parks are largely marine.

The first group of five Indonesian national parks were established in 1980.[3] This number increased constantly reaching 41 in 2003. In a major expansion in 2004, nine more new national parks were created, raising the total number to 50.[4] Mount Tambora was added in 2015.[5] 3 more National Parks in Sumatra, Sulawesi, and Bangka Island were added in 2016.

Java

NameYearTotal AreaMarine areaInternational status
km²   mi²
Alas Purwo 1992 434168
Baluran 1980 25096
Bromo Tengger Semeru 1983 503194 World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Gunung Ciremai 2004 15560
Gunung Gede Pangrango 1980 15058 World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Gunung Halimun Salak 1992 400150
Gunung Merapi 2004 6425
Gunung Merbabu 2004 5721
Karimunjawa 1986 1,116431most
Kepulauan Seribu 1982 1,080420most
Meru Betiri 1982 580224
Ujung Kulon 1992 1,206466443 km² World Heritage Site[6]
{{Location map+|Indonesia Java|relief=1|float=left|width=350|caption=National parks on and around Java|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-8.676|long=114.454|label=Alas Purwo|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-7.842|long=114.373|label=Baluran|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-8.032|long=112.939|label=Bromo Tengger Semeru |position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-6.911|long=108.409|label=Ciremai|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-6.784|long=106.916|label=Gede Pangrango|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-6.703|long=106.428|label=Halimun|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-5.9|long=110.3|label=Karimunjawa|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-7.270|long=110.250|label=Merbabu|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-5.562|long=106.566|label=Seribu|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-8.530|long=113.800|label=Meru Betiri|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Java|relief=1|lat=-6.713|long=105.340|label=Ujung Kulon|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{clear}}

Kalimantan

NameYearTotal AreaMarine areaInternational status
km²   mi²
Betung Kerihun 1995 8,0003,100 Proposed World Heritage Site[7]
Bukit Baka Bukit Raya 1992 1,811699
Danau Sentarum 1999 1,320510 Ramsar site
Gunung Palung 1990 900350
Kayan Mentarang 1996 13,6055,252
Kutai 1982 1,986767
Sabangau 2004 5,6872,196
Tanjung Puting 1982 4,150 1,370 World Network of Biosphere Reserves
{{Location map+|Borneo|float=left|width=250|caption=National parks on Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo)|places={{Location map~|Borneo|lat=1.221|long=113.353|label=Betung Kerihun|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=-0.747|long=112.629|label=Bukit Baka Bukit Raya |position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=0.875|long=112.164|label=Sentarum|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=-1.240|long=110.239|label=Gunung Palung|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=3.20|long=115.5|label=Kayan Mentarang|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=0.377|long=117.278|label=Kutai|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=-2.567|long=113.637|label=Sabangau|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Borneo|lat=-3.068|long=111.994|label=Tanjung Puting|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{clear}}

Lesser Sunda Islands

NameYearTotal AreaMarine areaInternational status
km²   mi²
Bali Barat 1995 19073
Gunung Rinjani 1990 413159
Kelimutu 1992 5020
Komodo 1980 1,81770166% World Heritage Site;[8]
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Laiwangi Wanggameti 1998 470180
Manupeu Tanah Daru 1998 880340
Mount Tambora[9] 2015 716276
{{Location map+|Indonesia Bali|float=left|valign="top"|width=180|caption=National parks on Bali|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Bali|lat=-8.13|long=114.48|label=Bali Barat|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{Location map+|Indonesia Lombok|float=left|valign="top"|width=145|caption=National parks on Lombok|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Lombok|lat=-8.4|long=116.41|label=Gunung Rinjani|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{Location map+|Indonesia Flores|float=left|valign="top"|width=240|caption=National parks on and around Flores|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Flores|lat=-8.75|long=121.84|label=Kelimutu|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Flores|lat=-8.53|long=119.48|label=Komodo|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{Location map+|Indonesia Sumba|float=left|valign="top"|width=205|caption=National parks on Sumba|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Sumba|lat=-10.06|long=120.18|label=Laiwangi Wanggameti|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumba|lat=-9.73|long=119.68|label=Manupeu Tanah Daru|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}
{{clear}}

Maluku and Papua

NameYearTotal AreaMarine areaInternational status
km²   mi²
Aketajawe-Lolobata 2004 1,673646
Lorentz 1997 25,0509,670 World Heritage Site[10]
Manusela 1982 1,890729
Teluk Cenderawasih 2002 14,5355,61190%
Wasur 1990 4,1381598 Ramsar site
{{Location map+|Indonesia Maluku|float=left|valign="top"|width=200|caption=National parks on Maluku|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Maluku|lat=1.155|long=128.280|label=Aketajawe– Lolobata|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Maluku|lat=-3.101|long=129.448|label=Manusela|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{Location map+|Indonesia Papua|valign="top"||float=left|width=212|caption=National parks on Western New Guinea|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Papua|lat=-4.487|long=137.849|label=Lorentz|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Papua|lat=-2.363|long=134.771|label=Teluk Cenderawasih|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Papua|lat=-8.595|long=140.826|label=Wasur|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}
{{clear}}

Sulawesi

NameYearTotal AreaMarine areaInternational status
km²   mi²
Bantimurung - Bulusaraung 2004 480185
Bogani Nani Wartabone 1991 2,8711,108
Bunaken 1991 89034297% Proposed World Heritage Site [11]
Gandang Dewata[12] 2016 793306
Kepulauan Togean[13] 2004 3,6201,400700 km²
Lore Lindu 1982 2,290884 World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Rawa Aopa Watumohai 1989 1,052406 Ramsar site
Taka Bone Rate 2001 5,3082,049most World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Proposed World Heritage Site[14]
Wakatobi 2002 13,9005,370most World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Proposed World Heritage Site[15]
{{Location map+|Indonesia Sulawesi|float=left|width=250|caption=National parks on and around Sulawesi|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-5.064|long=119.785|label=Bantimurung|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=0.561|long=123.680|label=Bogani Nani Wartabone|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=1.601|long=124.710|label=Bunaken|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-5.685|long=124.072|label=Wakatobi|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-1.513|long=120.183|label=Lore Lindu|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-4.394|long=121.992|label=Rawa Aopa|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-0.367|long=121.967|label=Togean|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-6.683|long=121.15|label=Taka Bone Rate|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sulawesi|lat=-2.728|long=119.29|label=Gandang Dewata|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{clear}}

Sumatra

NameYearTotal AreaMarine areaInternational status
km²   mi²
Batang Gadis[16] 2004 1,080417
Berbak 1992 1,628628Ramsar site
Bukit Barisan Selatan 1982 3,6501410World Heritage Site unit[17]
Bukit Duabelas 2000 605233
Bukit Tigapuluh 1995 1,277493
Gunung Leuser 1980 7,9273,061World Heritage Site unit[17]
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Kerinci Seblat 1999 13,7505,310World Heritage Site unit[17]
Sembilang 2001 2,051792 Ramsar site
Siberut 1992 1,905735 World Network of Biosphere Reserves
Tesso Nilo[18] 2004 1,000386
Way Kambas 1989 1,300500
Zamrud[19] 2016 314121
Mount Maras 2016 16865
{{Location map+|Indonesia Sumatra|float=left|width=250|caption=National parks on Sumatra and nearby islands|places={{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=0.72|long=99.5|label=Batang Gadis|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-1.18|long=104.268|label=Berbak|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=0.701|long=102|label=Zamrud|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-1.67|long=105.83|label=Maras|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-5.185|long=104.101|label=Bukit Barisan Selatan |position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-1.922|long=102.689|label=BDB|position=bottom|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-0.999|long=102.522|label=BTP|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=3.557|long=97.607|label=Gunung Leuser|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-2.302|long=101.643|label=KS|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-2.12|long=104.77|label=
Sembilang|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-1.408|long=98.844|label=Siberut|position=left|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-0.167|long=101.750|label=Tesso Nilo|position=right|mark=Green pog.svg}}{{Location map~|Indonesia Sumatra|lat=-4.931|long=105.753|label=WayKambas|position=top|mark=Green pog.svg}}
}}{{clear}}

See also

{{portal|Indonesia}}
  • Protected areas of Indonesia

References

1. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.dephut.go.id/uploads/INFORMASI/TN%20INDO-ENGLISH/tn_index.htm | title = National Parks in Indonesia | accessdate = 17 December 2009 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20131009143318/http://www.dephut.go.id/uploads/INFORMASI/TN%20INDO-ENGLISH/tn_index.htm | archivedate = 9 October 2013 | df = dmy-all }}
2. ^UNESCO: "Ecological Sciences for Sustainable Development", retrieved 18 July 2015
3. ^Indonesian Ministry of Forestry {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100315160047/http://www.dephut.go.id/INFORMASI/TN%20INDO-ENGLISH/gedepangrango_NP.htm |date=15 March 2010 }}, Retrieved 8 January 2010
4. ^WWF:Indonesia establishes 1.3 million hectares of Protected Areas, Retrieved 19 February 2010
5. ^"Mount Tambora National Park Transformed Into New Ecotourism Destination", in Antara News, 15 April 2015
6. ^{{cite web | url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/608 | title = Ujung Kulon National Park | publisher = UNESCO | accessdate=30 September 2007}}
7. ^{{cite web | url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1871/ | title = Betung Kerihun National Park (Transborder Rainforest Heritage of Borneo) | publisher = UNESCO | accessdate=3 October 2007}}
8. ^{{cite web | url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/609 | title = Komodo National Park | publisher = UNESCO | accessdate = 30 September 2007}}
9. ^{{cite web| url = https://en.antaranews.com/news/98498/mount-tambora-national-park-transformed-into-new-ecotourism-destination | title = Mount Tambora National Park Transformed Into New Ecotourism Destination | accessdate = 15 April 2015}}
10. ^{{cite web | url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/955 | title = Lorentz National Park | publisher = UNESCO | accessdate=30 September 2007}}
11. ^UNESCO tentative list, Retrieved 28 September 2009
12. ^Kabupatem Mamasa, Retrieved 15 November 2017
13. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.rareconservation.org/programs/page.php?subsection=Rare%20Pride&name=PrideSuccess_togeanislands | title = Rare Pride helps Togean Islands Establish National Park | accessdate = 30 September 2007}}
14. ^{{cite web|title=World Heritage Tentative List: Taka Bonerate National Park|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2005/|author=|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=6 April 2010}}
15. ^{{cite web|title=World Heritage Tentative List: Wakatobi National Park|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/2006/|author=|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=6 April 2010}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cepf.net/xp/cepf/news/newsletter/2004/may_topstory.xml |title=Indonesia Declares Batang Gadis National Park |accessdate=29 September 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071110093833/http://www.cepf.net/xp/cepf/news/newsletter/2004/may_topstory.xml |archivedate = 10 November 2007}}
17. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1167 | title = Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra | publisher = UNESCO | accessdate=30 September 2007}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cepf.net/news/top_stories/Pages/aug302004_indonesia_tessonilo.aspx |title= Indonesia Declares Tesso Nilo National Park |accessdate=8 January 2010}}
19. ^{{cite web |url=https://news.mongabay.com/2016/07/indonesia-declares-national-park-in-top-palm-oil-producing-province/ |title= Indonesia declares national park in top palm oil-producing province |accessdate=27 July 2016 }}

External links

{{Commons category|National parks of Indonesia}}{{Wikivoyage|Indonesian National Parks}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20150923164713/http://www.dephut.go.id/uploads/INFORMASI/TN%20INDO-ENGLISH/tn_index_English.htm Official list of Indonesian National Parks]
{{Indonesia topics}}

6 : Indonesia geography-related lists|Lists of national parks|National parks of Indonesia|Natural history of Indonesia|Cultural Properties of Indonesia|Lists of tourist attractions in Indonesia
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