请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 List of Righteous Among the Nations by country
释义

  1. By country and ethnic origin

  2. See also

  3. References

  4. Bibliography

  5. External links

{{Righteous Among the Nations}}

This is a partial list of some of the most prominent Righteous Among the Nations per country of origin, recognized by Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority in Jerusalem. These people risked their lives or their liberty and position to help Jews during the Holocaust; some suffered death as a result. {{As of|2018|1|1}}, Yad Vashem has recognized 26,973 Righteous Among the Nations from 51 countries.[1]

{{clear}}

By country and ethnic origin

These figures are not necessarily an indication of the actual number of Jews saved in each country, but reflect material on rescue operations made available to Yad Vashem as of January 1, 2018.

Country of originAwardsNotes
{{POL}} 6,863 The largest contingent.[2] It includes a wide variety of both individuals of different occupations and organized activists, including Irena Sendler (Polish social worker who served in Polish Underground and Żegota resistance organization in Warsaw, saving 2,500 Jewish children); Jan Karski (who reported on the situation of Jews in occupied Poland); Tadeusz Pankiewicz (Kraków pharmacist), Henryk Sławik (social worker); Rudolf Weigl (scientist); Stefan Korboński (politician), Sister Bertranda (Catholic nun); Eryk Lipiński (artist); Franciszek and Magdalena Banasiewicz (painter and his wife); Irena Adamowicz (scout leader); Maria Kotarba (Polish Resistance fighter); the Podgórski sisters (store clerks); Józef and Wiktoria Ulma (family of farmers murdered together with their six children for helping Jews); Leopold "Poldek" Socha (sewer inspector, hid a group of Jews in remote corner of Lviv sewers); writer and activist Zofia Kossak-Szczucka; and Karolina Juszczykowska (kitchen worker for Organization Todt, hid Jews in her home for which she was executed).[3] See Polish Righteous Among the Nations for additional names.
{{NLD}} 5,669 On a population of 9 million in 1940 the figure represents the largest per capita number: 1 in 1,700 Dutch was awarded (Poland: 1 in 3,700; population of 24,300,000 ethnic Poles in 1939).[4] Includes two persons originally from the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) and one person from Suriname (William Arnold Egger). Includes Corrie ten Boom; Frits Philips who ran Philips during the German occupation; Gertruida Wijsmuller-Meier, who helped save about 10,000 Jewish children from Germany and Austria just before the outbreak of the war (Kindertransport); she also managed the last transport to the UK on May 12, 1940 on the last ship leaving the Netherlands; Jan Zwartendijk, who as a Dutch consular representative in Kaunas, Lithuania, issued exit visas used by between 6,000 and to 10,000 Jewish refugees; includes the people who hid and helped Anne Frank and her family, like Miep Gies. Also includes the Salvation Army major Alida Bosshardt and the founder of VPRO Radio, theologian Nicolette Bruining.[5] Remarkable is the relatively large number of Protestant ministers and their wives that participated and were awarded. Also includes the German lawyer Hans Calmeyer,[6] who was recognized for his activities in the Netherlands during the war. Also includes Hendrika Gerritsen, a member of the Dutch Resistance who hid Siegfried Goldsteen and Judith Fransman at her home in 1943 and transported forged papers for people in hiding on behalf of the Amsterdam Resistance,[7][8] and Caecilia Loots, a teacher and antifascist resistance member, known for saving Jewish children during the war.[9] Marion van Binsbergen helped save approximately 150 Dutch Jews, most of them children, throughout the German occupation of the Netherlands.[10][11] Tina Strobos, rescued over 100 Jews by hiding them in her house and providing them with forged paperwork to escape the country.[12] Henk Zanoli returned his medal in 2014 after some of his family members were killed in an IDF airstrike. Also uniquely includes three organisations or collectives: the collective participants of the so-called "Amsterdam dock strike" (better known as the February strike, about 30,000 to 50,000 people who on 25 and 26 February 1941 took part in the first strike against persecution of the Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe); the whole village of Nieuwlande (117 inhabitants) that set up a quota-system under then alderman and later resistance fighter Johannes Post; and the resistance group Naamloze Vennootschap for saving Jewish children. In Denmark, France, and Norway, as well, a group of people was recognized as a single entity.
{{FRA}} 4,056 In January 2007, French President Jacques Chirac and other dignitaries honored France's Righteous in a ceremony at the Panthéon, Paris. The Legion of Honour was awarded to 160 French Righteous for their efforts saving French Jews during World War II.[13] Also includes Johan Hendrik Weidner, head of the Dutch-Paris organisation, which saved over 800 Jews and over 100 allied airmen.
{{UKR}} 2,691 Daniil Tymchina,[14] hieromonk of the Univ Lavra (2008); Klymentiy Sheptytsky, the Archimandrite of the Studite monks of Greek-Catholic Monastery (1995); Stepan Omelianiuk (1982)[15]
{{BEL}} 1,742 Includes Queen Elisabeth of the Belgians. Also includes Jeanne Daman, who helped rescue two thousand Jewish children from the Nazis by taking them to shelters.[16][17][18]
{{LTU}} 893 See Lithuanian Righteous Among the Nations, including Kazys Binkis and Ona Šimaitė
{{HUN}} 861 Including Zoltán Lajos Bay (physicist: "father of radar-astronomy"); Béla Király (commander, 56 freedom fighter) ; Géza Ottlik (author); Endre Szervánszky (composer); Paulina and Ilona Kolonits (the latter a documentary film director); Father Raile Jakab, S. J.; Margit Slachta (social activist); Tibor Baranski (religious student, saved about 3,000 Jews);[19] Blessed Sára Salkaházi, S.S.S. (Roman Catholic nun), Karig Sára[20]
{{ITA}} 694 Including Laura and Constantino Bulgari,[21] Giovanni Palatucci, Lorenzo Perrone, Angelo Rotta, Francesco Repetto, Giorgio Perlasca,[22] the cyclist Gino Bartali and the Blessed Odoardo Focherini[23]
{{BLR}} 650 Including Vanda Skuratovich and Mariya Yevdokimova[24] and Dennis and Eva Vorobey
{{DEU}} 616 Including Oskar Schindler, the businessman who saved more than 1,000 Jews by employing them in his factory; Captain Gustav Schröder who commanded the "Voyage of the Damned"; Wehrmacht officers Wilm Hosenfeld, Heinz Drossel, Karl Plagge, and Albert Battel; resistance fighter Hans von Dohnányi, and writer Armin Wegner
{{SVK}} 592 Including Pavel Peter Gojdič, Dr. Michal Majercik and his wife Anna[25]
{{GRC}} 347 Including Archbishop Damaskinos of Athens and Princess Alice of Battenberg
{{RUS}} 206 Including Nikolay Kiselyov
{{LVA}} 136 Including Jānis Lipke
{{SRB}} 139 Including three members of the Milenković family
{{HRV}} 117 See: List of Croatian Righteous Among the Nations
{{CZE}} 118 Including Alena Hájková,[26] Victor Kugler and Antonín Kalina.
{{AUT}} 109 Including Anton Schmid, one of three Wehrmacht soldiers executed for helping Jews. See List of Austrian Righteous Among the Nations
{{MDA}} 79 Includes the Stoyanov family[27]
{{ALB}} 75 Albania}} Includes Isuf and Niqi Panariti, parents of former Albanian Minister of Agriculture, Edmond Panariti
{{NOR}} 67 See List of Norwegian Righteous Among the Nations; the Norwegian Underground is listed as one group
{{ROM}} 65 Includes Queen Helen of Romania, Traian Popovici (known for saving 20,000 Jews of Bukovina from deportation) and Prince Constantin Karadja, credited by Yad Vashem with saving more than 51,000 Jews[28]
{{CHE}} 49 Including Carl Lutz, who helped save tens of thousands of Hungarian Jews[29]
{{BIH}} 47 Includes Roza Sober-Dragoje and Zekira Besrević, Mustafa and Zejneba Hardaga, Izet and Bahrija Hardaga, Ahmed Sadik[30][31]
{{ARM}} 24 Includes Taschdjian (Tashchiyan) family[32][33]
{{DNK}} 22 As per their request, members of the Danish Underground who participated in the rescue of the Danish Jews are listed as one group. The fishermen who transported Danish Jews to Sweden in 1943, however, were ineligible because they had been paid.[34]
{{GBR}} 22 This list includes Major Frank Foley and Jane Haining. It excludes Sir Nicholas Winton, who was of Jewish parentage.
{{BGR}} 20 Dimitar Peshev; Metropolitan Stefan of Sofia and Metropolitan Kiril of Plovdiv of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church
{{MKD}} 10 Including Smiljan Franjo Čekada, Boris Altiparmak[35] and Stojan Siljanovski[36]
{{SWE}} 10 Including Raoul Wallenberg, Per Anger, Ivan Danielsson,[37] Lars Berg,[38] Valdemar Langlet, Nina Langlet, Elow Kihlgren, Erik Perwe, Elisabeth Hesselblad and Erik Myrgren
{{SVN}} 15 Including Zora Piculin[39]
{{ESP}} 9 José Ruiz Santaella and his wife, Carmen|es|3=José Ruiz Santaella}} (1988), Eduardo Propper de Callejón (2007), Concepción Faya Blásquez y Martín Aguirre y Otegui (2011), Sebastián Romero Radigales (2014) and Joseph Jose & Victoria Maria (Dolores) Martínez (2016)
{{USA}} 5 Varian Fry, Martha and Waitstill Sharp, Lois Gunden,[40][41] and Master Sergeant Roddie Edmonds[42]
{{TUR}} 4 Selâhattin Ülkümen, Behiç Erkin, Necdet Kent and Namık Kemal Yolga
{{EST}} 3 Uku and Eha Masing and Polina Lentsman
{{PRT}} 3 date=May 2013}}
{{BRA}} 2 Luis Martins de Souza Dantas and Aracy de Carvalho Guimarães Rosa
Republic of China (1912–1949)|name=China}} 2 Pan Jun Shun (hid a Ukrainian Jewish girl during WWII) and Feng-Shan Ho (provided more than 3,000 visas to Jews in need during his tenure as ambassador of ROC to Vienna in 1938)
{{IDN}} 2 Tole Madna, Mima Saina[43]
{{PER}} 2 José Maria Barreto,[44] Isabel Weill[45]
{{CHL}} 2 Maria Edwards McClure[46]Samuel del Campo[47]
{{IRL}} 1 Mary Elmes[48] (saved at least 200 Jewish children by smuggling them in the boot of her car). There is also a review underway on the case of Mgr. Hugh O'Flaherty,[49] a Catholic priest and Vatican official who rescued thousands of Jews (and some PoWs) in Rome over the course of the war, and about whom a film was made.[50]
{{SLV}} 1 José Castellanos Contreras (provided Salvadoran citizenship papers to approximately 13,000 Central European Jews)
{{CUB}} 1 Ámparo Otero Pappo
{{ECU}} 1 Manuel Antonio Muñoz Borrero
{{EGY}} 1 Mohammed Helmy[51]
{{GEO}} 1 Sergei Metreveli
{{JPN}} 1 Chiune Sugihara (provided approximately 3,400 transit visas to Jews in need)
{{LUX}} 1 Victor Bodson (former Justice Minister and Chairman of the Luxembourg House of Representatives; saved approximately 100 Jews)
{{MNE}} 1 Petar Zankovic
{{VNM}} 1 Paul Nguyễn Công Anh
Total 26,973 As of January 1, 2018

See also

  • Individuals and groups assisting Jews during the Holocaust

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/statistics.html|title=Names of Righteous by Country {{!}} www.yadvashem.org|website=www.yadvashem.org|language=en|access-date=2018-09-08}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/historical_background/poland.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818012939/http://www1.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/historical_background/poland.asp |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2010-08-18 |title=Poland. Historical Background – The Righteous Among The Nations |publisher=Yad Vashem |accessdate=2013-09-06 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/righteous-women/juszczykowska.asp|title=Karolina Juszczykowska|department=Stories of Women Who Rescued Jews During the Holocaust|publisher=Righteous Among the Nations - Yad Vashem}}
4. ^{{Citation | url = http://www.volkskrant.nl/dossier-archief/een-op-1800-nederlanders-redde-joden~a3126447/ | title = Nederlanders redde joden | newspaper = De Volkskrant | date = 18 Jan 2012 | first = Arthur | last = Graaff | language = nl | place = NL}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=The Righteous Among The Nations|url=http://db.yadvashem.org/righteous/family.html?language=en&itemId=4014145|publisher=Yad Vashem|accessdate=14 December 2015|location=Jerusalem, Israel|date=1990}}
6. ^Hans Calmeyer: his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
7. ^Gerritsen, Hendrika Jacoba (Heinsius), in The Righteous Among the Nations. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, retrieved online 6 April 2018.
8. ^{{cite newspaper|title=Familieberichten|trans-title=Family notices|newspaper=Het Parool|date=28 December 1990|via=Delpher|accessdate=13 April 2018|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010833219:mpeg21:a0223}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/righteous-women/loots.asp|title=Caecilia Antonia Maria Loots - Stories of Women Who Rescued Jews During the Holocaust|publisher=Righteous Among the Nations - Yad Vashem}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=Stories of Rescue The Netherlands Mario Pritchard|url=http://www.jfr.org/pages/rescuer-support/stories/the-netherlands-/-marion-pritchard|website=The Jewish Foundation for the righteous|accessdate=5 September 2014|ref=4}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=Profiles in Courage|url=http://www.keene.edu/academics/ah/cchgs/collections/own-words/pritchard/|website=Keene State College|accessdate=4 September 2014|ref=2}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/tina-strobos-dutch-student-who-rescued-100-jews-during-the-holocaust-dies-at-91/2012/02/29/gIQAfalKjR_story.html|title=Tina Strobos, Dutch student who rescued 100 Jews during the Holocaust, dies at 91|last=Langer|first=Emily|date=2012-02-29|work=Washington Post|access-date=2018-04-22|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eurojewcong.org/ejc/news.php?id_article=794|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927121013/http://www.eurojewcong.org/ejc/news.php?id_article=794|dead-url=yes|archive-date=27 September 2007|title=Jacques Chirac Honors French World War II Saviors|publisher=European Jewish Congress|date=11 April 2007}}
14. ^Hieromonk Daniil Tymchyna – his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
15. ^Stepan Omelianiuk – his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at the Yad Vashem website.
16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jta.org/1972/10/06/archive/former-catholic-teacher-honored-for-saving-2000-jewish-children-from-nazis|title=Former Catholic Teacher Honored for Saving 2000 Jewish Children from Nazis|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency}}
17. ^{{cite book|author=Dan Mikhman|title=Belgium and the Holocaust: Jews, Belgians, Germans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gpk7P_mMFyUC&pg=PA310|year=1998|publisher=Berghahn Books|isbn=978-965-308-068-3|pages=310–}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/righteous-women/daman.asp|title=Jeanne Daman-Scaglione - Stories of Women Who Rescued Jews During the Holocaust - Righteous Among the Nations - Yad Vashem|publisher=}}
19. ^{{Cite web|url=https://buffalonews.com/2019/01/21/sean-kirst-tibor-baranski-sr-who-saved-thousands-kept-his-faith-until-the-end/|title= Saying goodbye to quiet hero who saved thousands during WWII |last=Kirst|first=Sean|date=2017-08-27|website=The Buffalo News|access-date=2017-08-27}}
20. ^Karig Sára - her activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
21. ^Israel Gutman, Bracha Rivlin e Liliana Picciotto, I giusti d'Italia: i non ebrei che salvarono gli ebrei, 1943-45 (Mondadori: Milano 2006), pp. 75-76.
22. ^{{cite web|title=Yad Vashem The Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority|url=http://db.yadvashem.org/righteous/family.html?language=en&itemId=4016851|publisher=Yad Vashem|accessdate=19 June 2013}}
23. ^{{cite news|title=Catholic activist killed for saving Jews set for sainthood|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/catholic-activist-killed-for-saving-jews-set-for-sainthood|accessdate=19 June 2013|newspaper=The Times of Israel|date=16 June 2013}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/historical_background/belarus.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818175049/http://www1.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/historical_background/belarus.asp |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2010-08-18 |title=Belarus. Historical Background - The Righteous Among The Nations |publisher=Yad Vashem |date=2010-02-16 |accessdate=2013-09-06 |df= }}
25. ^ 
26. ^Alena Hájková - her activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
27. ^ 
28. ^{{cite web|title=Minutes of the Sub-Commission for the Recognition of the "Righteous Among the Nations"|url=http://berlin.mfa.gov.il/mfm/web/main/document.asp?DocumentID=83056&MissionID=88|publisher=Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs|language=German|date=18 April 2005|accessdate=10 June 2009}}
29. ^Tschuy, Theo. Dangerous Diplomacy: The Story of Carl Lutz, Rescuer of 62,000 Hungarian Jews, 2000. Grand Rapids:Eerdmans. {{ISBN|0-8028-3905-3}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/bosnia.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005637/http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/bosnia.asp |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2013-12-03 |title=Featured Stories - Bosnia - The Righteous Among The Nations |publisher=Yad Vashem |date=2010-02-16 |accessdate=2013-09-06}}
31. ^ 
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/armenia.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623200442/http://www1.yadvashem.org/yv/en/righteous/stories/armenia.asp |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2011-06-23 |title=Featured Stories - Armenia - The Righteous Among The Nations |publisher=Yad Vashem |date=2010-02-16 |accessdate=2013-09-06 |df= }}
33. ^ 
34. ^{{cite book|last=Novick|first=Peter|title=The Holocaust in American Life|year=1999|publisher=Mariner Books|isbn=978-0618082322|page=180}}
35. ^Boris Altiparmak - his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
36. ^Stojan Siljanovski - his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
37. ^Ivan Danielsson - his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
38. ^Lars Berg - his activity to save Jews' lives during the Holocaust, at Yad Vashem website
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/pdf-drupal/slovenia.pdf |title=Slovenian Righteous at Yad Vashem |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2013-09-06}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jta.org/2013/07/08/news-opinion/israel-middle-east/american-woman-named-righteous-gentile|title=American Lois Gunden named Righteous Gentile|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|accessdate=4 December 2015}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/righteous-women/gunden.asp|title=Lois Gunden - Stories of Women Who Rescued Jews During the Holocaust - Righteous Among the Nations - Yad Vashem|publisher=|accessdate=4 December 2015}}
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/pressroom/pressreleases/pr_details.asp?cid=960|title=American Named Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem for Saving Fellow Jewish Soldiers|publisher=|accessdate=4 December 2015}}
43. ^ 
44. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.jta.org/2014/06/12/news-opinion/israel-middle-east/yad-vashem-recognizes-first-peruvian-righteous-gentile|title=Yad Vashem recognizes first Peruvian righteous gentile|work=Jewish Telegraphic Agency|date=June 12, 2014|accessdate=4 February 2017}}
45. ^https://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/statistics.html
46. ^{{cite web|title=The Righteous Among the Nations Department|url=http://db.yadvashem.org/righteous/family.html?language=en&itemId=5377228|publisher=Yad Vashem|year=2005|accessdate=1 April 2013}}
47. ^https://www.jta.org/2017/10/22/news-opinion/israel-middle-east/chilean-diplomat-who-saved-over-1200-jews-honored-as-righteous-gentile
48. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/cork-woman-receives-first-irish-honour-for-saving-jewish-victims-of-the-holocaust-1.1393486| title=Cork woman receives first Irish honour for saving Jewish victims of the Holocaust | newspaper=The Irish Times | date=May 15, 2013|accessdate= 21 August 2013 |quote=A Cork woman who risked her life to save Jewish children from Nazi gas chambers has become the first Irish person to be honoured as "Righteous Among the Nations" by Yad Vashem, Israel's official memorial to Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Among those saved by Mary Elmes, who died in 2002, was Ronald Friend, now professor emeritus of psychology at Stony Brook, New York. At the time he was a two-year-old child whose father would not survive but whose five-year-old brother Michael was also rescued by Ms Elmes.}}
49. ^https://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/tribute-to-the-irish-scarlet-pimpernel-1.68353
50. ^[https://www.timesofisrael.com/the-unbelievable-heroic-story-of-irelands-overlooked-oscar-schindler/ The heroic story of Ireland's overlooked 'Oscar Schindler'.]
51. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/stories/helmy-szturmann|title=Dr. Mohamed Helmy and Frieda Szturmann|publisher=The Righteous Among The Nations - Yad Vashem|accessdate=4 December 2015}}

Bibliography

  • Those who Helped: Polish Rescuers of Jews During the Holocaust - Publisher: Main Commission for the Investigation of Crimes against the Polish Nation–The Institute of National Memory (1993) {{ISBN|83-903356-4-6}}
  • Fogelman, Eva. Conscience & Courage: Rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust. New York: Doubleday, 1994.
  • Bercher, Elinor J. Schindler's Legacy: True Stories of the List Survivors. New York: Penguin, 1994.
  • Michał Grynberg, Księga Sprawiedliwych (Book of the Righteous), Warsaw, PWN, 1993.

External links

{{commons category|Righteous Among the Nations}}
  • [https://www.yadvashem.org/righteous/statistics.html Yad Vashem, The Righteous Among The Nations, Virtual Wall of Honor] Numbers of Righteous sorted by Country, with links to names. Accessed 6 December 2018.
{{Righteous footer}}

2 : Righteous Among the Nations|Lists of Righteous Among the Nations
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/17 18:15:44