“List of Shinto shrines in Taiwan”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

On June 17, 1895^[1] (Meiji 28), Taiwan came under the rule of the Empire of Japan. In the following year on December 3, 1896,^[2] the first Shinto shrine was created in Taiwan. This was actually an already existing {{Interlanguage link multi|Koxinga Shrine|zh|3=延平郡王祠}} located in Tainan but renamed {{nihongo|Kaizan Shrine|開山神社}}.

Since then, Shinto shrines were built in the major cities between the Meiji and Taishō period, while the majority of Shinto shrines in Taiwan were built from the late 1930s until Japan's defeat in World War II. In total, 204 shrines were built in Taiwan–66 of which were officially sanctioned by the Japanese Empire.^[3]

Although many shrines in the {{nihongo4|exterior territories|外地|gaichi}} such as Hokkaidō had {{nihongo4|enshrined deities|祭神|Saijin}} such as the {{nihongo4|Three Kami Deities of Cultivation|開拓三神|Kaitaku Sanjin}} which consisted of {{nihongo4||大国魂命|Ōkunitama no Mikoto}}, {{nihongo4||大己貴命|Ōnamuchi no Mikoto}} and {{nihongo4||少彦名命|Sukunahikona no Mikoto}}; the Sun Goddess Amaterasu; Meiji Emperor etc., in Taiwan, most shrines had Prince Yoshihisa as a Saijin. Prince Yoshihisa was sent to Taiwan to subjugate the anti-Japanese rebellion but fell ill and died from malaria in Tainan in 1895. This fate was so similar to that of the legendary Prince Yamato Takeru that Prince Yoshihisa was made a {{nihongo4|tutelary deity|鎮護の神|chingo no kami}} of Taiwan. In 1901 (Meiji 34), the Taiwan Shrine (later Taiwan Grand Shrine) was built and Prince Yoshihisa along with the Three Kami Deities of Cultivation were enshrined. Amaterasu was later included in the shrine. The shrines in Taiwan followed in its lead and Prince Yoshihisa became a Saijin in most shrines throughout Taiwan. Furthermore, in Tainan, the place of Prince Yoshihisa's demise, the Tainan Shrine was built.

After Japan's defeat in World War II, the shrines were either abandoned, destroyed or converted into Chinese Martyr Shrines.

List of shrines

Below is a list of Shinto shrines which were built during Japanese colonial rule. The shrines were ranked according to their importance such as Grand Shrine (官幣大社 kokuhei taisha), Small Shrine (国幣小社 kokuhei shōsha) and Martyr Shrine (護国神社 gokoku jinja), the last of which was designated by the Governor-General of Taiwan.

Taihoku Prefecture

Shinchiku Prefecture

Taichū Prefecture

Tainan Prefecture

Takao Prefecture

Hōko Prefecture

Taitō Prefecture

Karenkō Prefecture

Enshrined deities

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.twhistory.org.tw/20010618.htm | title = Japanese-era "Dominion Day" | publisher = Taiwan History Association (臺灣歷史學會)| author = Tsai Chin-tang (蔡錦堂) |date= 2001-06-18}}
2. ^{{cite web | url = http://dcc.ndhu.edu.tw/trans/dilcis/query2/browse.php?itemno=16 | archive-url = https://archive.is/20120707111202/http://dcc.ndhu.edu.tw/trans/dilcis/query2/browse.php?itemno=16 | dead-url = yes | archive-date = 2012-07-07 | script-title = zh:運動休閒歷史事件 | publisher = Digital Culture Center, National Dong Hwa University | language = zh }}
3. ^{{cite web | url = http://big5.chinataiwan.org/web/webportal/W5268122/Uzhanglx/A229786.html | script-title = zh:台灣神社 | publisher = 中國台灣網 | date = April 6, 2006 | language = zh | title = Archived copy | access-date = 2007-04-19 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070410125055/http://big5.chinataiwan.org/web/webportal/W5268122/Uzhanglx/A229786.html | archive-date = 2007-04-10 | dead-url = yes | df = }}
4. ^{{cite book |publisher = J. Murray |publication-place = London |ol=25302448M |title = A Handbook for Travellers in Japan |publication-date = 1903 |last1=Chamberlain |first1=B. |authorlink1=Basil Hall Chamberlain |author2=Mason, W.B. |edition=7th |page=551}}