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词条 List of Texas hurricanes (1980–present)
释义

  1. 1980–1984

  2. 1985–1989

  3. 1990–1994

  4. 1995–1999

  5. 2000–2004

  6. 2005–2009

  7. 2010–2017

  8. Monthly statistics

  9. Deadly storms

  10. See also

  11. Notes

  12. References

{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2012}}

From 1980 to the present, at least 70 tropical or subtropical cyclones affected the U.S. state of Texas. According to David Roth of the Weather Prediction Center, a tropical cyclone makes landfall along the coastline about three times every four years, and on any {{convert|50|mi|km|abbr=on}} segment of the coastline a hurricane makes landfall about once every six years.[1]

The most active month is September, with 21 total storms, while no recorded storms have affected Texas during the months of December through May. While the most intense storm in terms of barometric pressure is Hurricane Allen in 1980, Hurricane Harvey in 2017 caused the most fatalities and damages, with $125 billion in Texas.{{#tag:ref|All damage totals are in the value of the USD during the storm's year of existence.|group="nb"}} The first storm to impact the state during the period is also Hurricane Allen in August 1980, with the most recent being Hurricane Harvey on August 25, 2017. In terms of wind speed, Hurricane Harvey is the strongest storm to affect the state, producing maximum sustained winds equivalent to {{nowrap|Category 4}} status on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.[1]

During the 1980s, multiple tropical cyclones affected the state, of which six made landfall as hurricanes; three made landfall as major hurricanes.[1]{{#tag:ref|A major hurricane is a storm that ranks as Category 3 or higher on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale.[2]|group="nb"}} Hurricane Alicia is the most destructive hurricane of the decade, severely impacting the Greater Houston area. The names of all three major hurricanes that impacted Texas during the 1980s were later retired by the World Meteorological Organization.[3] In contrast to the 1980s, during the 1990s only one hurricane, Hurricane Bret, made landfall on the Texas coast.[4] In the next decade five hurricanes would make landfall on Texas.[1] Hurricane Ike, the second costliest hurricane to impact Texas, made landfall during the decade. Other notable systems include Tropical Storm Allison and Hurricane Rita.

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1980–1984

  • August 10, 1980 – Hurricane Allen makes landfall near Brownsville as a {{nowrap|Category 3}} hurricane. A wind gust of {{convert|140|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} is reported in Port Mansfield. Heavy rainfall is reported across South Texas, with a peak of {{convert|20.2|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Kingsville. Nearly all structures on South Padre Island are destroyed.[8] At least 12 tornadoes are also reported as a result of Allen. One damages hangars and aircraft at Robert Mueller Municipal Airport, causing $250 million in damages.[8][5] Two deaths are directly attributed to Allen, both of which are drownings in the Corpus Christi area, with five others indirectly killed.[1] An estimated $600 million in damages are attributed to Allen.[6]
  • September 5, 1980 – Tropical Storm Danielle makes landfall near Galveston Bay as a weak tropical storm. As it moves inland, it causes severe and widespread flooding across Texas. Areas are inundated by the rain, peaking at {{convert|18.29|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Nederland.[7] One person is killed due to rains associated with Danielle.[8][9]
  • Mid-November, 1980 – Hurricane Jeanne over the Western Gulf of Mexico causes tides to rise up to {{convert|4|ft|m|abbr=on}} above average along the Texas coast. Coastal flooding also occurs, with the worst being near Galveston. Minimal damage is reported.[10][11]
  • Late-August, 1981 – Tropical Depression Eight moves ashore northeast Mexico on August 29 and into the United States on August 30. As an ill-defined surface low, a large thunderstorm complex forms near its center that day, which unleashes very heavy rainfall in a {{convert|50|mi|km|abbr=on}} wide band covering a {{convert|200|mi|km|abbr=on}} path from Seguin to north of Houston. The highest rainfall amount reported is from Cheapside, where {{convert|18|in|mm|abbr=on}} falls in a 24‑hour period ending on the morning of August 31. Five die in the town of Shiner due to the heavy rains.[12] Heavy rain in downtown Hallettsville causes floods and torrential rain, reaching a peak of {{convert|5|ft|m|abbr=on}}. Significant flooding also occurs along the Lavaca, Guadalupe, and Colorado rivers in Texas. Damages from the floods amount to nearly $21 million.[13]
  • October 13, 1981 – Hurricane Norma makes landfall on the Pacific coast of Mexico, but its remnants produce {{convert|21|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain near Dallas-Fort Worth, killing five.[14] Multiple tornadoes touch down in six counties in the region, injuring three.[15] Hurricane Norma causes $50 million in damages and kills three people in Texas.[16]
  • September 11, 1982 – Tropical Storm Chris makes landfall near Sabine Pass.[17] Before landfall the storm causes tides of {{convert|5|to(-)|6|ft|m|abbr=on}} in height.[17] Rainfall from Chris peaks at {{convert|0.96|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Evadale.[25]
  • August 18, 1983 – Hurricane Alicia makes landfall near Galveston as a Category 3 hurricane. Alicia causes $2.6 billion in damage and 13 fatalities, along with an estimated 5,805 residential structures either heavily damaged or destroyed.[1][18] In advance of Alicia, offshore drilling platforms are evacuated.[19] At one point during the storm, the entire city of Galveston loses power, with 250,000 electricity customers in Houston losing power as well.[20] At the time, Hurricane Alicia is the costliest hurricane to impact Texas, not adjusting for inflation.[1] High rainfall totals are reported across Southeast Texas, with a peak of {{convert|9.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in Liberty. The peak wind gust in Galveston is {{convert|102|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.[18] An estimated storm surge of up to {{convert|12|ft|m|abbr=on}} is estimated in Galveston Bay. Alicia also causes 23 tornadoes, concentrated around the Galveston and Tyler areas.[18][21]
  • August 28, 1983 – Hurricane Barry, a Category 1, makes landfall just south of Brownsville and forces the evacuation of 4,000 people, but causes minor damage.[22]
  • Mid-October, 1983 – The remnants of Hurricane Tico from the Eastern Pacific cause rainfall over much of Texas, most of which is in northern Texas, where rainfall peaks at {{convert|9.59|in|m|abbr=on}} in Quanah.[25][23] Numerous road closures take place due to the floods caused by the remnants of Tico.[24] In Val Verde County, 100 people are evacuated due to the heavy rain. Tico's remnants kill one person and cause $93 million in damages.[1]
  • Mid-September, 1984 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Edouard cause severe flooding in South Texas, where some isolated locations receive totals in excess of {{convert|20|in|mm|abbr=on}}.[25]

1985–1989

  • October 11, 1985 – The remnants of Hurricane Waldo produce rainfall over most of West Texas, with multiple rain totals of at least {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on}}.[26]
  • Late-October 1985 – Hurricane Juan dumps up to {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in extreme southeastern Texas, peaking at {{convert|12.84|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Alto, killing one coastal resident.[27][28] The rains cause widespread floods that lead to road closures, and gusty winds cause some power outages.[29] Coastal flooding is also reported as a result of high tides caused by Juan.[29]
  • June 26, 1986 – Hurricane Bonnie makes landfall near High Island in Southeast Texas as a Category 1 hurricane, killing four people in Texas[1] and producing heavy rainfall that causes street flooding. Rainfall peaks at {{convert|13|in|mm|abbr=on}}, with many areas picking up at least {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on}}.[30] Bonnie also spawns four tornadoes in Texas.[31]
  • August 6, 1986 – A tropical depression produces rain over South Texas with a maximum total of {{convert|4.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} near Refugio.[32]
  • September 23, 1986 – The remnants of Hurricane Newton produce {{convert|1|in|mm|abbr=on}} rainfall totals over the Texas Panhandle with an area of {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} near the border between New Mexico and Texas, peaking at {{convert|3.97|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Wharton.[33][34]
  • Early-October, 1986 – The remnants of Hurricane Paine produce widespread rainfall over western and northern Texas, most of which receives at least an inch of rain, with {{convert|10.39|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Wellington.[25][35]
  • October 22, 1986 – The remnants of Hurricane Roslyn produce rainfall over much of southern and eastern Texas, with the heaviest totals along the middle Texas coast, where rainfall totals exceeds {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on}}.[36] Roslyn causes low-water crossings and streams to flood.[37]
  • August 10, 1987 – An unnamed storm makes landfall near High Island, Texas, producing over {{convert|1|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain to eastern portions of the state, peaking at {{convert|4.25|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Umbarger.[25][38][39]
  • August 12, 1988 – Tropical Storm Beryl produces heavy rainfall over East Texas. Some areas receive {{convert|11.8|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain, causing localized flash flooding.[40][41][42]
  • September 2, 1988 – Tropical Depression Ten produces heavy rain over Southeast Texas, peaking at {{convert|8.16|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Galveston.[25][43][44]
  • September 17, 1988 – Hurricane Gilbert makes landfall in northern Mexico with winds of {{convert|135|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} and causes tides to rise up to {{convert|5|ft|m|abbr=on}} above normal.[1][65] As a result, beach erosion is reported on Padre Island.[45] Rainfall peaks at {{convert|7.45|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Anson.[25] Minor wind damage is reported from Gilbert. Twenty-nine tornadoes are recorded across Texas, with the worst damage in San Antonio. Gilbert causes three deaths in Texas, all resulting from tornadoes in San Antonio.[46][47] Damages from Gilbert total to $50 million.[1]
  • Late-June 1989 – Tropical Storm Allison makes landfall near Freeport, causing three deaths in the state.[48][49] Tropical Storm Allison produces torrential rainfall across the state, with amounts of more than {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on}} over much of the upper Texas coast, peaking at {{convert|20.28|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Orange.[25][50] Storm surge from the storm measures {{convert|7|ft|m|abbr=on}} in Trinity Bay.[45] As a result, beach erosion is reported on Padre Island.[51] Allison causes an estimated $400 million in Texas alone.[50]
  • August 1, 1989 – Hurricane Chantal makes landfall as a minimal hurricane at High Island, Texas, causing two deaths from flash flooding.[1][52]
  • Early-October 1989 – Hurricane Raymond from the East Pacific causes rainfall in northern Texas, peaking at {{convert|2.80|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Yorktown.[25][53]
  • October 16, 1989 – Hurricane Jerry affects the Galveston area as a minimal hurricane. The storm kills three people when a car is blown off The Galveston seawall. Jerry causes $70 million in damage and kills three.[1][54]

1990–1994

  • October 3, 1990 – Tropical Storm Rachel's remnants affect portions of West Texas.[55] Roads in Big Bend National Park are closed due to high water levels. Rainfall peaks at {{convert|1.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Lubbock, causing minor street flooding, which leads to several car accidents.[55]
  • July 6, 1991 – Tropical Depression Two causes isolated rainfall over Texas, with a maximum total of {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} reported within the vicinity of Anahuac.[56]
  • August 24, 1992 – The remnants of Hurricane Lester, which originated from the East Pacific, cause rainfall in North Texas, amounting up to {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} in locations and peaking at {{convert|3.54|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Chisos Basin.[25][57]
  • June 20, 1993 – Tropical Storm Arlene makes landfall near Padre Island. Heavy beach erosion occurs as a result of the storm. Arlene causes $55 million in damage and its flooding rains kill one person.[58][59]
  • September 14, 1993 – Hurricane Lidia moves into Texas before being absorbed by a cold front near Austin.[60] Lida's remnants cause moderate rainfall across the state, peaking at {{convert|7.3|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Denton.[25] The combination of the front and the hurricane's remnants trigger tornadoes, and one causes more than $8 million in damages. Five people are injured in Arlington after a roof is torn off their hotel.[61]
  • Mid-October 1994 – The remnants of Hurricane Rosa cause severe flooding in Texas.[62] In some locations the flood is considered a 100-year event, peaking at {{convert|29.40|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Cypress.[62] The floods kill 22 people and cause $700 million in damages.[62]

1995–1999

  • July 31, 1995 – Tropical Storm Dean makes landfall near Freeport. Dean drops nearly {{convert|17|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in Monroe City.[63] The rainfall results in moderate localized damage.[64]
  • August 12, 1995 – Tropical Storm Gabrielle makes landfall just south of the Texas–Mexico border as a strong tropical storm, producing rainfall in southern Texas, peaking at {{convert|6.26|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Weslaco.[65] Slight storm surge associated with Gabrielle floods beaches along the southern Texas coast.[25][66]
  • September 16, 1995 – Hurricane Ismael's remnants move across the Texas Panhandle. Rainfall peaks at {{convert|6.57|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Ransom Canyon,[25] and flash flooding results in the area.[67][68]
  • August 23, 1996 – Hurricane Dolly makes landfall near Tampico, Mexico.[69] The storm causes beneficial rainfall in southern Texas, peaking at {{convert|5.53|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Corpus Christi, providing drought relief to the area.[69]
  • October 4, 1996 – Tropical Storm Josephine forms just offshore of the Texas coast, bringing heavy rain to the state. Rainfall peaks at {{convert|10.81|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Brownsville.[25] The storm, although remaining offshore, causes severe beach erosion across much of the coast.[70] Several houses are lost and up to {{convert|65|ft|m|abbr=on}} of shore-front property on Galveston Island is eroded.[70]
  • August 23, 1998 – Tropical Storm Charley makes landfall near Port Aransas. Severe inland flooding occurs in Val Verde Country and 13 people are killed. Del Rio records {{convert|17|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in 24 hours from the storm, a city record and the most rainfall from a tropical cyclone in Texas since Tropical Storm Claudette in 1979.[71]
  • September 11, 1998 – Tropical Storm Frances makes landfall north of Corpus Christi on September 11 as a moderately strong tropical storm. Rainfall causes large amounts of flooding in southeast Texas and southwest Louisiana, peaking at {{convert|21.76|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Goose Creek.[25] As a result of the rains, many rivers and bayous overflow.[72] Due to the storm, tides are {{convert|5|ft|m|abbr=on}} above average.[73] Frances causes an estimated total of $500 million in property damage.[74]
  • Mid-October 1998 – Moisture associated with the remnants of Hurricane Madeline results in flooding in Central Texas.[75] The event breaks numerous rain records in the region, including the wettest month for San Antonio since records began in 1885.[72] In addition, 15 rivers exceed the previously known peak flow.[72] The floods kill 31 people.[75] and cause $1.5 billion in damages.[76]
  • August 23, 1999 – Hurricane Bret makes landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on Padre Island, becoming the first major hurricane to hit Texas since Hurricane Alicia in 1983.[77] As it approaches landfall, large swells cause minor beach erosion along the coast. Along with rainfall from Bret, beaches in Matagorda County are closed due to the high water level.[78] Further inland, heavy rainfall occurs across South Texas, reaching {{convert|13.18|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Sarita.[79] At the height of the storm, power outages cut electricity to an estimated 64,000 customers.[80] Due to the small size of Bret and its landfall in a relatively unpopulated region of the Texas coast, damages from Bret total just $15 million, but it causes four deaths, all of which are attributed to a semi-trailer truck jackknifing in Laredo.[81]
  • September 8, 1999 – Tropical Depression Seven's remnants produce light rainfall, peaking at {{convert|3.35|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Harlingen.[82]

2000–2004

  • September 9, 2000 – Tropical Depression Nine makes landfall near Sabine Pass, with maximum sustained winds of {{convert|30|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}. Minimal damage is reported.[83]
  • June 5, 2001 – Tropical Storm Allison makes landfall near Freeport. It stalls over eastern Texas for several days, dropping extreme amounts of rain which leads to catastrophic flooding.[84] Allison causes flash flooding in the area, producing widespread street flooding and filling nearby bayous to severe levels.[85] Rainfall peaks at {{convert|36.99|in|mm|abbr=on}} at the Port of Houston.[86] The Texas Medical Center is severely damaged, with losses of up to $2 billion. Patient evacuations and medical services are disrupted due to power outages caused by the storm.[86] Allison causes an estimated $4.8 billion in damages, nearly all of it related to freshwater flooding in the Greater Houston region.[84] Tropical Storm Allison causes 23 deaths in the state,[87] and was the only non-hurricane strength storm to have its name retired until Tropical Storm Erika (did not affect the U.S.) in 2015.[88]
  • August 9, 2002 – Tropical Storm Bertha makes landfall as a tropical depression near Kingsville, causing isolated rainfall throughout the state.[89][90]
  • September 7, 2002 – Tropical Storm Fay makes landfall near Port O'Connor, where it causes heavy rainfall and $450,000 in damage.[91] Rainfall peaks at {{convert|18.49|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Fowlerton.[25] Fay causes five tornadoes, one of which injures three people. Much of the impact takes place in Brazoria County, where over 2,300 homes are damaged.[92]
  • June 30, 2003 – Tropical Storm Bill causes minor beach erosion on the Bolivar Peninsula.[93]
  • July 15, 2003 – Hurricane Claudette makes landfall at Matagorda Island near Port O'Connor as a strong Category 1 storm, with maximum sustained winds of {{convert|90|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}. Claudette is responsible for one direct death. Inland towns in Texas sustain significant wind damage. Estimated damages total up to $180 million.[94]
  • August 16, 2003 – Hurricane Erika makes landfall in the Mexican state of Tamaulipas as a minor Category 1 hurricane, causing minor coastal damage and beach erosion in parts of southern Texas.[95]
  • August 31, 2003 – Tropical Storm Grace makes landfall near San Luis Pass with maximum sustained winds of {{convert|40|mi/h|km/h|abbr=on}}, causing heavy rainfall along the Texas coast and resulting in $113,000 in total damages.[96]
  • September 22, 2003 – Hurricane Marty from the East Pacific makes landfall in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. Rainfall associated with the remnants of Marty affects western Texas.[97]
  • September 20, 2004 – As the remnants of Hurricane Javier move northeast through northwest Mexico, {{convert|1|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain is reported in western Texas.[98]
  • September 24, 2004 – Four days after Hurricane Javier affected the state, Hurricane Ivan, having regenerated into a tropical storm in the Gulf of Mexico, makes landfall near Cameron, Louisiana, as a tropical depression. Over {{convert|7|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain is dropped on eastern Texas.[99]
  • October 10, 2004 – Tropical Storm Matthew moves ashore in southern Louisiana, producing locally heavy rainfall in eastern Texas, peaking at {{convert|6.10|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Matagorda, but little damage.[25][100]

2005–2009

  • July 20, 2005 – Hurricane Emily makes landfall in Tamaulipas, Mexico, providing rainfall to drought-affected areas of southern Texas.[101] Rainfall peaks at {{convert|5.2|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Mercedes, and is spread from about {{convert|1|to(-)|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} elsewhere.[102]
  • September 23, 2005 – Hurricane Rita makes landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on the border between Louisiana and Texas on September 23.[103] In preparation for its landfall, the largest evacuation in United States history takes place, with over 3 million people evacuating inland.[104] At one point during the storm, 1 million energy customers lose power due to outages.[105] Rita causes a peak of {{convert|10.48|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Center.[106][107] Major flooding is reported in Port Arthur and Beaumont. Offshore oil platforms throughout Rita's path also suffer significant damage, though the refineries of Houston, originally thought to be at risk, escape the brunt of the storm. Many of the indirect deaths linked to Rita are caused by a single bus fire in mass evacuations out of Houston.[103] Rita causes 59 deaths in the state all told.[1]
  • September 2, 2006 – The remnants of Hurricane John, an East Pacific storm, cause moderate to heavy rainfall. In northern Texas, moisture from the storm combined with a cold front produces rainfall of over {{convert|4|in|mm|abbr=on}}, helping alleviate severe drought.[108][109]
  • September 16, 2006 – Hurricane Lane, another East Pacific storm, makes landfall in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. Lane's remnants combine with an upper level trough over southeast portions of the state, dropping over {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in some locations.[110]
  • August 16, 2007 – Tropical Storm Erin makes landfall near Lamar as a minimal tropical storm. Rainfall peaks in Texas at {{convert|10.7|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Sisterdale.[111] Erin causes nine deaths in the state and causes nearly $49 million in damages.[112][113]
  • September 13, 2007 – Hurricane Humberto rapidly intensifies before making landfall just west of the Louisiana–Texas border with winds of up to 90 mph, dropping up to {{convert|14.13|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain.[114] The storm kills one person and leaves $50 million in damage.[115]
  • July 23, 2008 – Hurricane Dolly makes landfall at South Padre Island with winds near 100 mph. A storm surge of {{convert|4|ft|m|abbr=on}} is observed across much of the coast of southern Texas.[116] Dolly's remnants cause coastal and inland flooding and over {{convert|12|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in some locations, peaking at {{convert|15|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Harlingen.[117] On South Padre Island, moderate structural damage, mostly to roofs, is reported. Tree and utility pole damage is widespread across Cameron County. Widespread power outages are reported across southern Texas as a result of Dolly.[116]
  • August 5, 2008 – Tropical Storm Edouard makes landfall near Port Arthur with winds near 65 mph. Edouard provides beneficial rain to a drought stricken central Texas.[118]
  • September 1, 2008 – Hurricane Gustav produces heavy rain to extreme East Texas as it makes landfall in Louisiana as a Category 2 hurricane.[119] The storm causes strong rip currents and minor overwash of the coast.[120]
  • September 13, 2008 – Hurricane Ike makes landfall at Galveston as a large Category 2 hurricane. Its large size contributes to a storm surge that is as high as {{convert|20|ft|m|abbr=on}},[121] which inundates many of the barrier islands off the Texas coast. Many structures on the Bolivar Peninsula are destroyed.[122] Most notably, in Gilchrist all but one house is destroyed by the storm surge.[123] The storm also causes heavy rains where it makes landfall, peaking at {{convert|18.9|in|mm|abbr=on}}.[124] At one point, the storm knocks out power to as many as an estimated 2.6 million people.[1] Ike is one of the most destructive hurricanes ever to hit Texas and one of the deadliest, causing $19.3 billion in damages and killing 84 people.[1]
  • October 13, 2008 – Hurricane Norbert causes moderate rainfall over West Texas after moving inland from the eastern Pacific.[125]
  • November 10, 2009 – Hurricane Ida causes minimal effects on Texas, producing high tides that lead to road closures.[126]

2010–2017

  • June 30, 2010 – Hurricane Alex makes landfall at Soto la Marina, Tamaulipas in Mexico as a large Category 2 hurricane, bringing heavy rains, wind, and tornadoes to South Texas.[127] The hurricane's remnants also bring heavy rains to portions of the Rio Grande, causing it to exceed record levels.[128]
  • July 8, 2010 – Tropical Depression Two makes landfall on South Padre Island, dropping {{convert|1|to|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in south Texas, peaking at {{convert|8.95|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Chincorro.[129] However, there are no reports of significant damage.[130]
  • September 7, 2010 – Tropical Storm Hermine makes landfall in northeastern Mexico as a strong tropical storm with {{convert|65|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} winds.[131] A storm surge of {{convert|3.4|ft|m|abbr=on}} is reported at Port Aransas as the storm approaches the coast. In the Rio Grande Valley, an estimated 35,000 homes lose power due to Hermine,[132] while in Bexar County, 100,000 customers lose power.[133] Farm crops in the Texas Coastal Bend are also damaged by the strong winds and rain.[134] In addition, numerous roads are closed due to overwash. Hermine kills five people and causes $240 million in damages in the state.[131]
  • June 30, 2011 – Tropical Storm Arlene makes landfall south of Texas near Cabo Rojo.[135] The outer bands of Arlene produce {{convert|1|to(-)|4|in|mm|abbr=on}} of rain in southern Texas.[136]
  • July 30, 2011 – Tropical Storm Don makes landfall near Baffin Bay, Texas before quickly dissipating. The storm produces minimal rainfall in extreme southern Texas, peaking at {{convert|2.56|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Bay City.[137] Cotton farms benefit from the minimal rainfall.[138]
  • Early-September 2011 – The outer bands of Tropical Storm Lee cause light rain in eastern Texas, peaking at {{convert|3.97|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Nederland.[106] Despite the light rainfall, strong winds further inland help ignite numerous wildfires throughout the state.[139] One of the fires, the Bastrop County Complex fire, destroys 1,700 homes and businesses, becoming the most destructive wildfire in Texas history.[140]
  • August 31, 2012 – Outer rainbands associated with Hurricane Isaac cause slight rainfall in East Texas, peaking at around {{convert|3|in|cm|abbr=on}} near Galveston Bay.[141] Strong winds associated with Isaac's thunderstorms knock down many trees in Trinity County, where wind gusts peak at an estimated {{convert|65|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.[142]
  • September 29, 2012 – Moisture associated with the remnants of Hurricane Miriam and Tropical Storm Norman brings light rainfall over areas of Texas, slightly alleviating drought conditions. Rainfall in the state measures {{convert|1|–|4|in|mm|abbr=on}}, causing some flash flooding. Combined with a surface trough, the moisture generates severe thunderstorms which later coalesce into a squall line, bringing strong winds which cause numerous reports of window damage. A weather station near Paducah records a peak wind gust of {{convert|96|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.[143]
  • Mid-September 2013 – As Hurricane Ingrid passes to the south, its outer rainbands drop isolated areas of heavy rainfall across South Texas. Rainfall totals from the bands peak at approximately {{convert|3|in|mm|abbr=on}} near the Texas border with Mexico.[144]
  • September 3, 2014 – Despite making landfall near Tampico, Mexico, the outer rainbands of Tropical Storm Dolly traverse South Texas, producing rainfall totals peaking at {{convert|2.91|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Hidalgo County. After dissipating, moisture from the remnant system causes additional showers in the area. Urban flooding as a result of poor water drainage occurs in Brownsville, Edinburg, and McAllen. However, the heavy rainfall helps to alleviate some drought conditions in South Texas.[145]
  • September 20, 2014 – Flooding associated with the remnants of Hurricane Odile kill one sheriff's deputy in Austin.[146]
  • Mid-June 2015 – Tropical Storm Bill makes landfall on Matagorda Island with sustained winds of 60 mph (95 km/h), causing gusts peaking at 53 mph (85 km/h) in Palacios and Port O'Connor in addition to producing a 3 ft (0.9 m) storm surge in Port Lavaca.[147] However, most of Bill's impacts in Texas are associated with heavy rainfall. Several isolated areas receive rainfall in excess of 10 in (25 cm) of rainfall, including a large swath of Victoria County.[148] In Wharton, rainfall peaks at {{convert|13.05|in|mm|abbr=on}}.[149]
  • October 20–24, 2015 – Hurricane Patricia’s remnants bring heavy rain to Texas. The maximum rainfall total is reported to be {{convert|20.87|in|mm|abbr=on}} in Corsicana.[150] This rain causes the flooding and closure of Interstate 45 in that area.[151]
  • September 8, 2016 – The remnants of Hurricane Newton bring heavy rains to parts of western Texas, however there are no reports of significant damage.
  • June 22, 2017 – Tropical Storm Cindy makes landfall near Port Arthur with winds of 45 mph (75 km/h). One fatality takes place in Bolivar Peninsula.[152]
  • August 25–28, 2017 – Hurricane Harvey makes landfall near the coast of Rockport as a Category 4 hurricane and later stalls just inland, producing extreme and unprecedented amounts of rainfall in the vast majority of southern Texas. The resulting catastrophic flooding in most of Houston and Harris County as well as in dozens of other surrounding counties causes an estimated $125 billion in damage, making Harvey the costliest tropical cyclone worldwide, as well as the costliest tropical cyclone in Texas history.[153]

Monthly statistics

{{bar graph|float=center
| title = Number of recorded storms affecting Texas
| data_max = 25
| label_type = Month
| data_type = Number of storms
| label1 = January | data1 =
| label2 = February | data2 =
| label3 = March | data3 =
| label4 = April | data4 =
| label5 = May | data5 =
| label6 = June | data6 = 8
| label7 = July | data7 = 7
| label8 = August | data8 = 19
| label9 = September | data9 = 24
| label10 = October | data10 = 13
| label11 = November | data11 = 2
| label12 = December | data12 =
}}

Deadly storms

The following is a list of tropical storms with known deaths in the state.

Tropical Storms causing known deaths in Texas
NameYearNumber of deathsNotes
Harvey 2017 103 [1]
Ike 2008 84 [154]
Rita 2005 59 [1]
Allison 2001 23 [87]
Alicia 1983 13 [1]
Charley 1998 13 [71]
Erin 2007 9 [112]
Allen 1980 7 [1]
Eight 1981 5 [12]
Norma 1981 5 [14]
Hermine 2010 5 [131]
Bonnie 1986 4 [1]
Bret 1999 4 [81]
Allison 1989 3 [50]
Jerry 1989 3 [1]
Chantal 1989 2

See also

{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
  • List of Atlantic hurricane seasons
  • List of Atlantic hurricanes
  • List of Pacific hurricanes
  • List of wettest known tropical cyclones affecting Texas

Notes

1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 {{cite book|title=Texas Hurricane History|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/research/txhur.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
2. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/tcfaqHED.html |title=Hurricane Research Division: Frequently Asked Questions |chapter=A: Basic Definitions |chapterurl=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/tcfaqA.html |at=What is a super-typhoon? What is a major hurricane ? What is an intense hurricane ? |type=PDF |author1=Chris Landsea |author2=Neal Dorst (ed.) |publisher=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory |date=June 2, 2011 |accessdate=December 27, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060615212545/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/tcfaqHED.html |archivedate=June 15, 2006 |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutnames_history.shtml#retired|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=August 2, 2012|author=National Hurricane Center}}
4. ^{{cite news|title=Texas spins the wheel in hurricane roulette / After a lull that began in 1989, the law of averages is not considered favorable for state|url=http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl/2007_4420912/texas-spins-the-wheel-in-hurricane-roulette-after.html|accessdate=August 2, 2012|newspaper=The Houston Chronicle|date=September 9, 2007|author=Berger, Eric|author2=Houston Chronicle Publishing Company Division|author3=Hearst Newspapers Partnership, L.P.}}
5. ^{{cite news|title=Remembering the 1980 tornado|url=http://www.kvue.com/news/Remembering-the-1980-tornado-121788579.html|accessdate=July 6, 2012|date=May 13, 2011|author=Albert Ramon|author2=KVUE Television, Inc.,|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830134619/http://www.kvue.com/news/Remembering-the-1980-tornado-121788579.html|archivedate=August 30, 2011|df=mdy-all}}
6. ^1 2 {{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1980|title=Hurricane Allen|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=May 19, 2006|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1980-prelim/allen/}}
7. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/danielle1980.html|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
8. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|author=National Hurricane Center|year=1980|title=Tropical Storm Danielle|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=January 14, 2008|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1980-prelim/danielle/}}
9. ^{{cite news|title=Tropical Storm Danielle Strikes Texas|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/indiana-gazette/1980-09-06/page-4|accessdate=July 3, 2012|newspaper=Indiana Gazette|date=September 6, 1980|agency=Associated Press|location=Houston, Texas|page=4}}
10. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|author=Pessilier, Joseph M|author2=National Hurricane Center|year=1980|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1980-prelim/jeanne/prelim02.gif|title=Hurricane Jeanne|page=2|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012}}
11. ^{{cite web|title=Summary of Significant Floods in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, 1970 Through 1989|url=http://ks.water.usgs.gov/pubs/reports/wsp.2502.sum80.html|publisher=United States Geological Survey|accessdate=July 8, 2012}}
12. ^1 {{cite web|title=Major and Catastrophic Storms and Floods in Texas|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2003/ofr03-193/cd_files/USGS_Storms/patton.htm|publisher=United States Geological Survey|accessdate=July 6, 2012|author=Pattan, John|author2=Slade Jr, Raymond M}}
13. ^{{cite web|title=Significant Flood Events as of May 31, 2012|url=http://www.fema.gov/policy-claim-statistics-flood-insurance/policy-claim-statistics-flood-insurance/policy-claim-13-9|publisher=United States Department of Homeland Security|accessdate=July 22, 2012|author=Federal Emergency Management Agency}}
14. ^1 {{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Norma (1981) Rainfall Totals|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/norma1981.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
15. ^{{cite news|title=Storm Swamps Central Texas|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=vBssAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-MgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1454,3203916&dq=hurricane+norma&hl=en|accessdate=July 1, 2012|newspaper=Times Daily|date=October 14, 1981|location=Fort Worth, Texas}}
16. ^{{cite web|author=Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas Weather Forecast Office|title=Hurricanes and Tropical Storms That Have Affected North Texas From 1874 to 2009|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/fwd/?n=texashurricane|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
17. ^1 {{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|title=Tropical Storm Chris|year=1982|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=July 8, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1982-prelim/chris/|author1=Clark, Gilbert B|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
18. ^1 2 {{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1983|title=Hurricane Alicia|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=January 23, 2008|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1983-prelim/alicia/}}
19. ^{{cite news|title=Hurricane Alicia Heads for Texas|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Aa4RAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3OkDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4903,320820&dq=hurricane+alicia+oil&hl=en|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=The Gainesville Sun|date=August 17, 1983|agency=Associated Press|location=Miami, Florida|page=1}}
20. ^{{cite news|title=Hurricane extracts 'billion-dollar' toll|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-A1WAAAAIBAJ&sjid=OeIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4928,4012339&dq=hurricane+alicia+power+outages&hl=en|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=Eugene Register-Guard|date=August 18, 1983|agency=United Press International|location=Galveston, Texas|page=1}}
21. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 23, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Alicia (1983) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/alicia1983.html}}
22. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1983|title=Hurricane Barry|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=January 23, 2008|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1983-prelim/barry/}}
23. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 23, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Tico (1983) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/tico1983.html}}
24. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data – 1983|journal=Storm Data|date=October 1983|volume=25|issue=10|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-9B6AA486-FFD9-4140-AE7F-11ABA6627CDA.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 23, 2012|author=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|page=20|authorlink2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|authorlink3=National Climatic Data Center}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
25. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data – 1984|journal=Storm Data|date=September 1984|volume=26|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-4CC90875-4A15-4D31-9146-0FCCE32DC817.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|author=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|page=20}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
26. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 25, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Waldo (1985) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/waldo1985.html}}
27. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Juan (1985) Rainfall Totals|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/juan1985.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
28. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1985|title=Hurricane Juan|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=January 25, 2008|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1985-prelim/juan/prelim03.gif|author1=Clark, Gilbert B}}
29. ^1 {{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=October 1985|volume=27|issue=10|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-D4BFED19-84C5-47A6-AB7A-47C05267A1AC.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|page=28|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
30. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Bonnie (1986) Rainfall Totals|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/bonnie1986.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
31. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1986|title=Hurricane Bonnie|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Gerrish, Harold P|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=January 25, 2008|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1986-prelim/bonnie/}}
32. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 26, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Depression Four (1986) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td4of1986.html}}
33. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 26, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Newton (1986) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/newton1986.html}}
34. ^{{cite journal|author=Gunther, E B|author2=Cross, R L|url=http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0493%281987%29115%3C2507%3AENPTCO%3E2.0.CO%3B2|title=Eastern North Pacific Hurricane Season of 1986|publisher=American Meteorological Society|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<2507:ENPTCO>2.0.CO;2|issn=1520-0493|year=1987|volume=115|pages=2507–2523|journal=Monthly Weather Review|issue=10|bibcode=1987MWRv..115.2507G}}
35. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 26, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Paine (1986) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/paine1986.html}}
36. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=January 26, 2008|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Roslyn (1986) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/roslyn1986.html}}
37. ^{{cite news|title=Rain spreads across South; Northeast chills|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Bx4LAAAAIBAJ&sjid=TFIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3483,2057313&dq=roslyn+texas&hl=en|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=The Bryan Times|date=October 24, 1986|agency=United Press International}}
38. ^{{cite journal|author=Case, Robert A|title=Annual Summary Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1987|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1987.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=American Meteorological Society|journal=Monthly Weather Review|accessdate=July 8, 2012|author2=Gerrish, Harold P|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1988)116<0939:ahso>2.0.co;2|volume=116|issue=4|pages=939–949|bibcode = 1988MWRv..116..939C |year=1988}}
39. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=July 8, 2012|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Unnamed Tropical Storm — August 8–17, 1987 Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/unnamed1987.html}}
40. ^{{cite journal|author1=Lawrence, Miles B|author2=Gross, James M|author3=National Hurricane Center|year=1989|title=Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1988|journal=Monthly Weather Review|publisher=American Meteorological Society|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<2248:AHSO>2.0.CO;2|issn=1520-0493|volume=117|pages=2248–2259|issue=10|bibcode=1989MWRv..117.2248L}}
41. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|year=2006|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Storm Beryl (1988) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=January 26, 2008|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/beryl1988.html}}
42. ^{{cite report|author=Case, Robert A|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=July 8, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1988-prelim/beryl/prelim03.gif|title=Tropical Storm Beryl|type=Preliminary Report|page=3|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
43. ^{{cite journal|title=Atlantic Tropical Systems of 1988|author=Avila, Lixion A|author2=Clark, Gilbert B|doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<2260:ATSO>2.0.CO;2|journal=Monthly Weather Review|publisher=American Meteorological Society|format=PDF|issn=1520-0493|year=1989|volume=117|pages=2260–2265|issue=10|bibcode=1989MWRv..117.2260A}}
44. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Depression 10 (1988)|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td10of1988.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012}}
45. ^1 2 {{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=October 1985|volume=30|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-CDF15260-83A6-4F83-A57E-DCFF795FBAC7.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|page=27|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
46. ^{{cite report|author=Clark, Gilbert B.|author2=National Hurricane Center|title=Hurricane Gilbert|type=Preliminary Report|page=2|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1988-prelim/gilbert/}}
47. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|chapter=Hurricane Gilbert (1988) Rainfall Totals|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/gilbert1988.html}}
48. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Storm Allison (1989) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/allison1989.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
49. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1989|title=Tropical Storm Allison|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=July 22, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1989-prelim/allison/}}
50. ^1 2 {{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|title=Tropical Storm Allison|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012|author2=National Hurricane Center|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1989-prelim/allison/|date=August 16, 1989|author=Case, Robert A}}
51. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=June 1989|volume=31|issue=6|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-D2C6D518-F896-4AFC-A715-76301FE9FA03.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|page=85|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
52. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Chantal (1989)|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/chantal1989.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012}}
53. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Raymond Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/raymond1989.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 8, 2012}}
54. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=July 8, 2012|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Jerry Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/jerry1989.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
55. ^1 {{cite news|title=Rainfall covers state|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=EUA_AAAAIBAJ&sjid=sjUMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2238,1859319&dq=tropical+storm+rachel&hl=en|accessdate=July 24, 2012|newspaper=The Bonham Daily Favorite|date=October 3, 1990|agency=Associated Press}}
56. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Depression Two (1991) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td2of1991.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 4, 2012|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
57. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Lester (1992) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/lester1992.html|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometrological Prediction Center|accessdate=July 1, 2012|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
58. ^{{cite journal|author1=Pasch, Richard J |author2=Rappaport, Edward N |title=Atlantic Hurricane Season of 1993 |publisher=American Meteorological Society |doi=10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<0871:AHSO>2.0.CO;2 |issue=3 |volume=123 |url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1993.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |year=1995 |journal=Monthly Weather Review |issn=1520-0493 |pages=871–886 |bibcode=1995MWRv..123..871P |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923023541/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1993.pdf |archivedate=September 23, 2008 |df= }}
59. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1993|title=Tropical Storm Arlene|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Rappaport, Edward N.|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=May 19, 2006|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1993-prelim/arlene/}}
60. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1993|title=Hurricane Lidia|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=February 16, 2013|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/epacific/ep1993-prelim/lidia/}}
61. ^{{cite news|title=Texas reeling from series of tornadoes|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=p4IfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=hqUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5442,4155568&dq=lidia&hl=en|accessdate=February 16, 2013|newspaper=The Tuscaloosa News|date=September 14, 1993|agency=The Associated Press|page=2A}}
62. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Floods in Southeast Texas, October 1994|url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs-073-94/pdf/FS-94-073.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=United States Department of the Interior|accessdate=July 24, 2012|author=Liscum, Fred|author2=East, Jeffrey W.|location=Houston, Texas|date=January 1995}}
63. ^{{cite report|type=Preliminary Report|year=1995|title=Tropical Storm Dean|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=July 17, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1995dean.html}}
64. ^{{cite report|year=1995|title=Summary of Tropical Storm Dean|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 17, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/storm_wallets/atlantic/atl1995/dean/preloc/galvestn.gif}}
65. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Storm Gabrielle (1995) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/gabrielle1995.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometrological Prediction Center}}
66. ^{{cite web|author=Lawrence, Miles B|title=Tropical Storm Gabrielle|format=Preliminary Report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1995gabrielle.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 4, 2012}}
67. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Isamel (1995) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/ismael1995.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometrological Prediction Center}}
68. ^{{cite web|title=Hurricane Ismael 1995|url=http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/twc/tropical/ismael_1995.htm|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Tucson Weather Forecast Office|accessdate=July 4, 2012}}
69. ^1 {{cite news|title=Hurricane Dolly Brings Texas Drought Relief|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1996-08-25/news/mn-37471_1_hurricane-dolly|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=August 25, 1996|agency=Reuters|location=Houston, Texas}}
70. ^1 {{cite web|title=Tropical Storm Josephine damages Texas beaches|url=http://ocean.tamu.edu/Quarterdeck/QD5.1/allison-5.1.html|publisher=Texas A&M University's Department of Oceanography|accessdate=July 21, 2012|author=Allison, Mead A.|year=1997}}
71. ^1 {{cite web|title=Preliminary Report Tropical Storm Charley |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998charley.html |author=Rappaport, Edward |author2=National Hurricane Center |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409185653/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998charley.html |archivedate=April 9, 2008 |df= }}
72. ^1 2 {{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=October 1998|volume=40|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-CEA4B72E-7686-49F6-AA11-1853BE3CBD1C.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
73. ^{{cite news|title=Frances buffets, drenches south Texas Gulf Coast|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XYRIAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JW8DAAAAIBAJ&pg=4828,9840&dq=tropical+storm+frances+texas&hl=en|accessdate=July 21, 2012|newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=September 11, 1998|author=Baro, Madeline|agency=Associated Press|page=2}}
74. ^{{cite web|last=Lawrence |first=Miles |title=Preliminary Report Tropical Storm Frances |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998frances.html |publisher=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004183147/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1998frances.html |archivedate=October 4, 2010 |df= }}
75. ^1 {{cite web|title=Service Assessment – South Texas Floods October 17–22, 1998 |url=http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/assessments/pdfs/txflood.pdf |format=PDF |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |accessdate=July 24, 2012 |author=Daley, William M. |author2=Baker, D. James |author3=Kelly Jr., John J. |author4=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |location=Silver Spring, Maryland |date=February 1999 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925113413/http://www.nws.noaa.gov/om/assessments/pdfs/txflood.pdf |archivedate=September 25, 2012 |df= }}
76. ^{{cite web|title=South Central Texas October, 1998|url=http://floodsafety.com/texas/documentaries/1998/|publisher=Flood Safety|accessdate=July 24, 2012}}
77. ^{{cite web|title=Preliminary Report Hurricane Bret |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1999bret.html |author=Lawrence, Miles |author2=Todd Kimberlain |author3=National Hurricane Center |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090507164250/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/1999bret.html |archivedate=May 7, 2009 |df= }}
78. ^{{cite web|title=Preliminary Storm Report...Hurricane Bret |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99/pshhou.txt |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |accessdate=July 4, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903122357/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99/pshhou.txt |archivedate=September 3, 2006 }}
79. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Bret (1999) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/bret1999.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 4, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
80. ^{{cite web|title=Hurricane Bret Disaster Update|url=http://www.fema.gov/news-release/hurricane-bret-disaster-update|archive-url=https://archive.is/20121213063311/http://www.fema.gov/news-release/hurricane-bret-disaster-update|dead-url=yes|archive-date=December 13, 2012|publisher=United States Department of Homeland Security|accessdate=July 22, 2012|author=Federal Emergency Management Agency|date=August 24, 1999}}
81. ^1 {{cite web|title=...The Streak is Over — Hurricane Bret Strikes Texas!... |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99.htm |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |accessdate=July 4, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411143121/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/bret99.htm |archivedate=April 11, 2008 }}
82. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Depression Seven (1999) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td7of1999.html|author2=Hydrometerological Prediction Center|author=Roth, David M|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
83. ^{{cite report|author=Beven, John (Jack) L |type=Tropical Cyclone Report |title=Tropical Depression Nine |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2000nine.html |author2=National Hurricane Center |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202151035/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2000nine.html |archivedate=December 2, 2012 |df= }}
84. ^1 {{cite report|department=National Hurricane Center |date=November 28, 2001 |title=Tropical Storm Allison |accessdate=July 2, 2012 |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2001allison.html |author=Stewart, Stacy R |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |type=Tropical Cyclone Report |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916074527/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2001allison.html |archivedate=September 16, 2008 |df= }}
85. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Storm Allison Floods, June 5–9, 2001 |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/allison01/synoptic.htm |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |accessdate=July 7, 2012 |author=NWS Houston/Galveston |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060905012243/http://www.srh.noaa.gov/hgx/projects/allison01/synoptic.htm |archivedate=September 5, 2006 }}
86. ^1 {{cite report|title=Tropical Storm Allison Heavy Rains and Floods Texas and Louisiana June 2001|type=Service Assessment|url=http://www.nws.noaa.gov/os/assessments/pdfs/allison.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=United States Department of Commerce|accessdate=July 7, 2012|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
87. ^1 {{cite web|title=June 6, 2001 Tropical Storm Allison|url=http://www.floodsafety.com/texas/documentaries/j2001/index.htm|publisher=Flood Safety Education Project|accessdate=July 7, 2012}}
88. ^{{cite news| url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2006-04-17/news/0604170060_1_tropical-storm-zeta-hurricane-season-stan-and-wilma | author=Skilling, Tom | title=Record five retirees from a memorable 2005 hurricane season | work=Chicago Tribune | publisher=Tribune Company | date=April 17, 2006 | accessdate=July 29, 2012}}
89. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Report Tropical Storm Bertha|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL102010_Hermine}}|format=PDF|author=Beven, Jack|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 17, 2012}}
90. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/bertha2002.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Storm Bertha (2002) Rainfall Totals| accessdate=July 17, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
91. ^{{cite report|author=Stewart, Stacy R|type=Tropical Cyclone Report|title=Tropical Storm Fay|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2002fay.shtml|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=July 1, 2012|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
92. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=September 2002|volume=44|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-23E096F8-3FCD-405D-A93F-7FD12699B524.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|page=115|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
93. ^{{cite web|author=Blood & Traphagan|year=2003|title=Tropical Storm Bill Preliminary Storm Report|publisher=Houston/Galveston National Weather Service|accessdate=October 19, 2006|url=http://www.srh.weather.gov/hgx/climate/reviews/pshhou_Bill2003.txt|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20060928205215/http://www.srh.weather.gov/hgx/climate/reviews/pshhou_Bill2003.txt |archivedate=September 28, 2006 |deadurl=yes}}
94. ^{{cite report|author=Beven, John (Jack) L |author2=National Hurricane Center |year=2003 |title=Hurricane Claudette |type=Tropical Cyclone Report |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2003claudette.shtml |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022081621/http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2003claudette.shtml |archivedate=October 22, 2008 |df= }}
95. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/erika2003.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Erika (2003) Rainfall Totals| accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
96. ^{{Cite report|author=Stewart, Stacy R|title=Tropical Storm Grace|type=Tropical Cyclone Report|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/2003grace.shtml|date=November 27, 2003}}
97. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/marty2003.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|author1=Roth, David|chapter=Hurricane Marty (2003) Rainfall Totals|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
98. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/javier2004.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Javier (2004) Rainfall Totals|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author1=Roth, David|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
99. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/ivan2004.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Ivan (2004) Rainfall Totals|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
100. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/matthew2004.html|title=Tropical Storm Matthew (2004) Rainfall Totals|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
101. ^{{cite report|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL052005_Emily}} |title=Hurricane Emily |type=Tropical Cyclone Report |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |author2=Brown, Daniel P |author=Franklin, James L |date=March 10, 2006 |publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service |author3=National Hurricane Center |format=PDF |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6pyRtzaxP?url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL052005_Emily.pdf |archivedate=April 24, 2017 |df= }}
102. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/emily2005.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Emily (2005) Rainfall Totals| accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
103. ^1 {{cite report|author1=Knabb, Richard D|author2=Brown, Daniel P|author3=Rhome, Jamie R|author4=National Hurricane Center|date=March 17, 2006|type=Tropical Cyclone Report|title=Hurricane Rita|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL182005_Rita}}|format=PDF}}
104. ^{{cite news|title=Hurricane Rita causes widespread damage but few deaths|url=http://www.wsws.org/articles/2005/sep2005/rita-s26.shtml|accessdate=July 8, 2012|date=September 28, 2005|author=Patrick Martin|author2=World Socialist Web Site}}
105. ^{{cite news|title=Hurricane Rita Pummels Texas, Louisiana Coast|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,170310,00.html|accessdate=July 8, 2012|date=September 23, 2005|agency=Associated Press|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111040309/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,170310,00.html#|archive-date=November 11, 2012|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
106. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 {{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall for the Gulf Coast|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/tcgulfcoast.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Roth, David M.|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=July 21, 2012}}
107. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/rita2005.html|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|accessdate=August 2, 2012}}
108. ^{{cite report|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2006/ep11/ep112006.discus.029.shtml?|title=Hurricane John Discussion 29|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author=Franklin, James L|date=September 4, 2006|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|type=}}
109. ^{{cite web|title=Storm Data and Unusual Weather Phenomena|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/images/lub/misc-media/stormdata/2006/sd-200609.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012}}
110. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.fortbendnow.com/2006/09/18/28903 |title=Fort Bend Under Flood Watch As Storm System Blankets The Region |accessdate=July 1, 2012 |date=September 18, 2006 |author=Fort Bend |publisher=Instant News Network |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68qFDOjiQ?url=http://www.fortbendnow.com/2006/09/18/28903 |archivedate=July 1, 2012 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
111. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|title=Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Storm Erin (2007) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/erin2007.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
112. ^1 {{cite report|author=Knabb, Richard D|title=Tropical Storm Erin|type=Tropical Cyclone Report|date=April 7, 2008|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=April 28, 2008|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL052007_Erin}}|format=PDF|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
113. ^{{cite web|title=Storm Events Database – Texas (8/14/2007 – 8/21/2007)|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/stormevents/listevents.jsp?beginDate_mm=08&beginDate_dd=14&beginDate_yyyy=2007&endDate_mm=08&endDate_dd=21&endDate_yyyy=2007&eventType=ALL&county=ALL&zone=ALL&statefips=48%2CTEXAS|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center|accessdate=July 29, 2012}}
114. ^{{cite book|author=Roth, David M|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Humberto (2007) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 1, 2012|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain//humberto2007.html}}
115. ^{{cite web|author=Blake, Eric S|date=November 28, 2007|title=Hurricane Humberto: Tropical Cyclone Report|author2=National Hurricane Center|accessdate=July 1, 2012|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL092007_Humberto}}|format=PDF|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
116. ^1 {{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Dolly|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL042008_Dolly}}|format=PDF|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 2, 2012|author=Pasch, Richard J|author2=Todd B. Kimberlain|author3=National Hurricane Center}}
117. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/dolly2008.html|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
118. ^{{cite news|last=Tolson|first=Mike|title=Parched Central Texas welcomes what's left of Edouard|url=http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Parched-Central-Texas-welcomes-what-s-left-of-1608753.php|accessdate=July 4, 2012|newspaper=Houston Chronicle|date=August 6, 2008}}
119. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Gustav (2008) Rainfall Totals|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/gustav2008.html|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Roth, David M.|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|author3=National Hurricane Center}}
120. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=September 2008|volume=50|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-16772305-AF0C-43C0-BFF3-5BDD2B362FE1.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|page=152|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
121. ^{{cite web|last=Heller|first=Tim|title=More storm surge data from Hurricane Ike|url=http://weatherblog.abc13.com/2008/10/more-storm-surg.html|publisher=ABC Inc., KTRK-TV/DT Houston, TX|accessdate=July 2, 2012}}
122. ^{{cite news|title=Rescuers reach hundreds of Ike survivors|url=https://www.usatoday.com/weather/hurricane/2008-09-13-hurricane-ike-texas_N.htm|accessdate=July 8, 2012|newspaper=USA Today|date=September 14, 2008|author=Oren Dorell|author2=Donna Leinwand}}
123. ^{{cite news|title=Their house survived Ike, but it's the only one left|url=http://articles.cnn.com/2008-09-18/us/ike.last.house.standing_1_yellow-house-pam-adams-new-house?_s=PM:US|accessdate=July 8, 2012|date=September 18, 2008|author=Jason Hanna|author2=Cable News Network|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013192137/http://articles.cnn.com/2008-09-18/us/ike.last.house.standing_1_yellow-house-pam-adams-new-house?_s=PM%3AUS|archivedate=October 13, 2010|df=mdy-all}}
124. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/ike2008.html|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
125. ^{{cite web|title=Norbert weakens over Mexico|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/news/world/world-news-briefs-414477/|work=World news briefs|publisher=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|accessdate=February 10, 2013|location=Puerto San Carlos, Mexico|date=October 13, 2008}}
126. ^{{cite web|title=Hurricane Ida Enters the Gulf|url=http://www.swellinfo.com/surfnews/hurricane-ida-2009.html|publisher=BNQT Media Group|accessdate=July 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091118215755/http://www.swellinfo.com/surfnews/hurricane-ida-2009.html#|archive-date=November 18, 2009|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
127. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Report Hurricane Alex|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL012010_Alex}}|format=PDF|author=Pasch, Richard|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 2, 2012}}
128. ^{{cite web|title=Record Flooding along the Rio Grande River in Laredo on July 8–9th 2010|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/crp/?n=riograndeflood|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 2, 2012|author=Buchanan, Mike|author2=Tardy, Alex|location=Corpus Christi, Texas}}
129. ^{{cite book|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/td02aof2010.html|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|chapter=Tropical Depression Two (2010) Rainfall Totals| accessdate=July 27, 2012|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service}}
130. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Report Tropical Depression Two|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL022010_Two}}|format=PDF|author=Beven, John (Jack) L|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 2, 2012}}
131. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Report Tropical Storm Hermine|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL102010_Hermine}}|format=PDF|author=Avila, Lixion|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 2, 2012}}
132. ^{{cite news|title=Tropical Storm Hermine Crosses Into Texas|url=http://www.foxnews.com/weather/2010/09/06/tropical-storm-hermine-forms-gulf/|accessdate=July 24, 2012|newspaper=Fox News|date=September 7, 2010|agency=Associated Press|location=Raymondville, Texas|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614071912/http://www.foxnews.com/weather/2010/09/06/tropical-storm-hermine-forms-gulf/#|archive-date=June 14, 2012|dead-url=yes|df=mdy-all}}
133. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Storm Hermine Impacts South Central Texas|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/images/ewx/wxevent/hermine.pdf|format=PDF|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 24, 2012}}
134. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=September 2010|volume=52|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-D99DE9ED-03DC-49D7-951E-27103A90DE28.pdf|format=PDF|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
135. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2011/al01/al012011.discus.007.shtml?|title=Tropical Storm Arlene Discussion Number Seven|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Blake, Eric|author2=Kimberlain, Todd|author3=National hurricane Center|date=June 30, 2011|accessdate=July 22, 2012}}
136. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=June 2011|volume=53|issue=6|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-45807C46-65E6-4393-85F8-4FAFEC776963.pdf|format=PDF|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
137. ^{{cite web|title=Tropical Cyclone Report Tropical Storm Don|url={{NHC TCR url|id=AL042011_Don}}|format=PDF|author=Brennan, Michael|author2=National Hurricane Center|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=July 2, 2012}}
138. ^{{cite news|title=Tropical system leaves little rain in dry Texas|url=https://www.usatoday.com/weather/storms/2011-07-30-tropical-storm-don-texas_n.htm|accessdate=July 5, 2012|newspaper=USA Today|date=July 30, 2011|agency=Associated Press|location=McAllen, Texas}}
139. ^{{cite news|title=Tropical Storm Lee's winds stoke Texas wildfires|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/09/05/us-storm-usa-gulf-texas-idUSTRE78407H20110905|accessdate=July 22, 2012|date=September 4, 2011|author=Forsyth, Jim|agency=Reuters|location=San Antonio, Texas}}
140. ^{{cite news|title=Bastrop, Texas, still sees hope seven months after fire|url=https://www.usatoday.com/weather/wildfires/story/2012-04-24/bastrop-texas-wildfire/54515990/1|accessdate=July 22, 2012|newspaper=USA Today|date=April 25, 2012|author=Jervis, Rick|location=Bastrop, Texas}}
141. ^{{cite book|title=Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima|chapter=Hurricane Isaac (2012) Rainfall Totals|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/isaac2012.html|author=Roth, David M|author2=Hydrometeorological Prediction Center}}
142. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=August 2012|volume=54|issue=8|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-8CF4B90C-BD49-4C02-AE90-634EAFCDE92E.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=July 21, 2012|page=410|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
143. ^{{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Storm Data|date=September 2012|volume=54|issue=9|url=http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/orders/IPS-22C01FCB-C09F-4C1E-B0CD-290B549BC403.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=February 9, 2013|page=273–|author=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|author2=National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service|author3=National Climatic Data Center|publisher=United States Department of Commerce}}{{dead link|date=October 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
144. ^{{cite web|title=September 2013’s Soaking Dents the Drought...For Most|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/bro/?n=2013event_septembersoaking|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|accessdate=14 November 2013|author=National Weather Service Forecast Office Brownsville, Texas|location=Brownsville, Texas|date=October 4, 2013}}
145. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2014/al05/al052014.public.006.shtml?|title=Tropical Storm Dolly Advisory Number Six|publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service|author=Brown, Daniel|author3=National Hurricane Center|date=September 2, 2014|accessdate=September 13, 2014}}
146. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/breaking-body-of-missing-texas/34308556|title=Sheriff's Deputy, Oil Field Worker Die in Odile Flooding|date=September 20, 2014|accessdate=June 3, 2015}}
147. ^{{cite web|last1=Stewart|first1=Stacy R.|title=Tropical Storm Bill Update|url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2015/al02/al022015.update.06161655.shtml?|work=National Hurricane Center|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|accessdate=June 16, 2015|location=Miami, Florida|date=June 16, 2015}}
148. ^{{cite web |author1=National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office Corpus Christi, Texas |title=6 Day Rainfall Totals |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/graphicast.php?site=crp&gc=4 |website=NWS Corpus Christi, Texas Graphicasts |publisher=National Weather Service |accessdate=June 20, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZQxsamGo?url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/graphicast.php?site=crp&gc=4 |archivedate=June 20, 2015 |location=Corpus Christi, Texas |date=June 20, 2015 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
149. ^{{cite web |author1=National Weather Service Forecast Office Houston, Texas |title=HGX Radar Estimated Rainfall |url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/graphicast.php?site=hgx&gc=2 |website=NWS Houston, Texas Graphicasts |publisher=National Weather Service |accessdate=June 20, 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6ZQy2wS3C?url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/graphicast.php?site=hgx&gc=2 |archivedate=June 20, 2015 |location=Houston, Texas |date=June 20, 2015 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
150. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/forecast/regional/news/patricia-gulf-coast-lower-mississippi-valley-flooding|title=Heavy Rain Caused Flooding in Texas and Along the Gulf Coast|publisher=The Weather Channel|date=26 October 2015|accessdate=25 October 2015}}
151. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/news/news/texas-new-mexico-plains-flood-threat|title=Houston Residents Told to Avoid Traveling; Texas Roads, Interstates Closed|publisher=The Weather Channel|date=25 October 2015|accessdate=25 October 2015}}
152. ^http://www.nola.com/hurricane/index.ssf/2017/06/man_found_dead_on_texas_beach.html
153. ^{{cite report|title=U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters|url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/events/US/1980-2017|publisher=NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information|date=2018|accessdate=January 8, 2018}}
154. ^">{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/7380b94cca5644a699ace839b3acd25c|title=The death toll from Harvey rises to at least 60|date=September 4, 2017|publisher=Associated Press|accessdate=September 4, 2017}}

References

{{Reflist|20em}}{{Texas hurricanes}}{{United States hurricanes}}{{featured list}}{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Texas Hurricanes (1980-present)}}

3 : Hurricanes in Texas|Lists of tropical cyclones in the United States|Texas-related lists
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