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词条 List of Vice Presidents of the United States
释义

  1. List

  2. Subsequent public office

  3. Notes

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Politics of the United States}}

There have been 48 Vice Presidents of the United States since the office came into existence in 1789. Originally, the Vice President was the person who received the second most votes for President in the Electoral College. However, in the election of 1800 a tie in the electoral college between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr led to the selection of the President by the House of Representatives. To prevent such an event from happening again, the Twelfth Amendment was added to the Constitution, creating the current system where electors cast a separate ballot for the vice presidency.[1]

The Vice President is the first person in the presidential line of succession and assumes that presidency if the President dies, resigns, or is impeached and removed from office.[2] Nine Vice Presidents have ascended to the presidency in this way: eight (John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Andrew Johnson, Chester A. Arthur, Theodore Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge, Harry S. Truman and Lyndon B. Johnson) through the president's death and one (Gerald Ford) through the president's resignation. In addition, the Vice President serves as the President of the Senate and may choose to cast a tie-breaking vote on decisions made by the Senate. Vice Presidents have exercised this latter power to varying extents over the years.[1]

Prior to adoption of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, an intra-term vacancy in the office of the Vice President could not be filled until the next post-election inauguration. Several such vacancies occurred—seven Vice Presidents died, one resigned and eight succeeded to the presidency. This amendment allowed for a vacancy to be filled through appointment by the President and confirmation by both chambers of the Congress. Since its ratification, the vice presidency has been vacant twice (both in the context of scandals surrounding the Nixon administration) and was filled both times through this process, namely in 1973 following Spiro Agnew's resignation, and again in 1974 after Gerald Ford succeeded to the presidency.[1] The amendment also established a procedure whereby a Vice President may, if the President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of the office, temporarily assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President. George H. W. Bush did so once on July 13, 1985. Dick Cheney did so twice on June 29, 2002 and on July 21, 2007.

The persons who have served as Vice President were born in or primarily affiliated with 27 states plus the District of Columbia. New York has produced the most of any state as eight have been born there and three others considered it their home state. Most Vice Presidents have been in their 50s or 60s and had political experience prior to assuming the office.[1] The youngest person to become Vice President was John C. Breckinridge at 36 years of age while the oldest was Alben W. Barkley at 71 years of age. Two Vice Presidents—George Clinton and John C. Calhoun—served under more than one President.

There are currently five living former vice presidents. The most recent former vice president to die was George H. W. Bush on November 30, 2018.

List

{{legend2|{{Pro-Administration Party (United States)/meta/color|Pro-Administration (1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|{{Federalist Party/meta/color|Federalist (1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|{{Democratic-Republican Party/meta/color|Democratic-Republican (6)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|#0EBFB0|Nullifier (1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|{{Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color|Democratic (17)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|{{Whig Party (United States)/meta/color|Whig (2)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|{{Republican Party (United States)/meta/color|Republican (21)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA{{ns|2{{Legend2|{{National Union Party (United States)/meta/color|National Union (1)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA
Vice presidencyVice President{{Efn|name="Definition"name="position"Party ElectionPresident
1April 21, 1789{{Efn|name="JA-start"}}
–
March 4, 1797		John Adams
1735–1826
(Lived 90 years)
[3][4][5]		Minister to the Court of St. James's
{{small|(1785–1788)}}		 name="ProAdmin"}} 1788–89George Washington{{Efn|name="Washington-nonpartisan"}}
Federalist 1792
2 March 4, 1797
–
March 4, 1801		 Thomas Jefferson
1743–1826
(Lived 83 years)
[6][7][8]		{{small>(1790–1793)}} Democratic-Republican 1796name="Adams-Jefferson"}}
3 March 4, 1801
–
March 4, 1805		 Aaron Burr
1756–1836
(Lived 80 years)
[9]		{{small>(1784–1785 and 1798–1799)}} Democratic-Republican 1800Thomas Jefferson
4March 4, 1805
–
April 20, 1812
(Died in office)		George Clinton
1739–1812
(Lived 72 years)
[10]		1st Governor of New York
{{small|(1777–1795 and 1801–1804)}}		Democratic-Republican 1804
1808James Madison
Office vacant April 20, 1812 – March 4, 1813{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
5 March 4, 1813
–
November 23, 1814
(Died in office)		 Elbridge Gerry
1744–1814
(Lived 70 years)
[11]		{{small>(1810–1812)}} Democratic-Republican1812
Office vacant November 23, 1814 – March 4, 1817{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
6March 4, 1817
–
March 4, 1825
Daniel D. Tompkins
1774–1825
(Lived 50 years)
[12]		4th Governor of New York
{{small|(1807–1817)}}		Democratic-Republican 1816James Monroe
1820
7March 4, 1825
–
December 28, 1832
(Resigned from office)		John C. Calhoun
1782–1850
(Lived 68 years)
[13]		10th Secretary of War
{{small|(1817–1825)}}		 Democratic-Republican 1824 John Q. Adams
name="Calhoun-party"}}
Democratic		1828Andrew Jackson{{Efn|name="Jackson-party"}}
Office vacant December 28, 1832 – March 4, 1833{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
8 March 4, 1833
–
March 4, 1837		 Martin Van Buren
1782–1862
(Lived 79 years)
[14][15][16]		{{small>(1831–1832)}} Democratic 1832
9 March 4, 1837
–
March 4, 1841		 Richard M. Johnson
1780–1850
(Lived 70 years)
[17]		{{small>(1833–1837)}} Democratic 1836 Martin Van Buren
10 March 4, 1841
–
April 4, 1841
(Became President)		 John Tyler
1790–1862
(Lived 71 years)
[18][19][20]		{{small>(1827–1836)}} Whig1840 William H. Harrison
(Died in office)
Office vacant April 4, 1841 – March 4, 1845{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}} John Tyler
11 March 4, 1845
–
March 4, 1849		 George M. Dallas
1792–1864
(Lived 72 years)
[21]		{{small>(1837–1839)}} Democratic 1844 James K. Polk
12 March 4, 1849
–
July 9, 1850
(Became President)		 Millard Fillmore
1800–1874
(Lived 74 years)
[22][23][24]		{{small>(1848–1849)}} Whig1848 Zachary Taylor
(Died in office)
Office vacant July 9, 1850 – March 4, 1853{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}} Millard Fillmore
13March 4, 1853{{Efn>name="King-start"}}
–
April 18, 1853
(Died in office)		 William R. King
1786–1853
(Lived 67 years)
[25]		{{small>(1819–1844 and 1848–1852)}}
President pro tempore
{{small|(1850–1852)}}		 Democratic1852Franklin Pierce
Office vacant April 18, 1853 – March 4, 1857{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
14 March 4, 1857
–
March 4, 1861		 John C. Breckinridge
1821–1875
(Lived 54 years)
[26]		{{small>(1851–1855)}} Democratic 1856 James Buchanan
15 March 4, 1861
–
March 4, 1865		 Hannibal Hamlin
1809–1891
(Lived 81 years)
[27]		{{small>(1848–1857 and 1857–1861)}} Republican 1860Abraham Lincoln{{Efn|name="Lincoln-party"}}
(Died in office)
16 March 4, 1865
–
April 15, 1865
(Became President)		 Andrew Johnson
1808–1875
(Lived 66 years)
[28][29][30]		{{small>(1853–1857)}}
Military Governor of Tennessee
{{small|(1862–1865)}}		 National Union1864
Office vacant April 15, 1865 – March 4, 1869{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}} Andrew Johnson
17 March 4, 1869
–
March 4, 1873		 Schuyler Colfax
1823–1885
(Lived 61 years)
[31]		{{small>(1855–1869)}}
Speaker of the House
{{small|(1863–1869)}}		 Republican 1868Ulysses S. Grant
18 March 4, 1873
–
November 22, 1875
(Died in office)		 Henry Wilson
1812–1875
(Lived 63 years)
[32]		{{small>(1855–1873)}} Republican1872
Office vacant November 22, 1875 – March 4, 1877{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
19 March 4, 1877
–
March 4, 1881		 William A. Wheeler
1819–1887
(Lived 67 years)
[33]		{{small>(1875–1877)}} Republican 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes
20
March 4, 1881
–
September 19, 1881
(Became President)		 Chester A. Arthur
1829–1886
(Lived 57 years)
[34][35][36]		{{small>(1879–1881)}}
{{small|(No prior elected office)}}		 Republican1880 James A. Garfield
(Died in office)
Office vacant September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}} Chester A. Arthur
21 March 4, 1885
–
November 25, 1885
(Died in office)		 Thomas A. Hendricks
1819–1885
(Lived 66 years)
[37]		{{small>(1873–1877)}} Democratic1884Grover Cleveland
Office vacant November 25, 1885 – March 4, 1889{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
22 March 4, 1889
–
March 4, 1893		 Levi P. Morton
1824–1920
(Lived 96 years)
[38]		{{small>(1881–1885)}} Republican 1888 Benjamin Harrison
23 March 4, 1893
–
March 4, 1897		 Adlai Stevenson
1835–1914
(Lived 78 years)
[39]		{{small>(1885–1889)}} Democratic 1892 Grover Cleveland
24 March 4, 1897
–
November 21, 1899
(Died in office)		 Garret Hobart
1844–1899
(Lived 55 years)
[40]		 Vice Chairman of the Republican National Committee
(1892–1896)		 Republican1896William McKinley
(Died in office)
Office vacant November 21, 1899 – March 4, 1901{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
25 March 4, 1901
–
September 14, 1901
(Became President)		 Theodore Roosevelt
1858–1919
(Lived 60 years)
[41][42][43]		{{small>(1899–1900)}} Republican1900
Office vacant September 14, 1901 – March 4, 1905{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}Theodore Roosevelt
26 March 4, 1905
–
March 4, 1909		 Charles W. Fairbanks
1852–1918
(Lived 66 years)
[44]		{{small>(1897–1905)}} Republican 1904
27 March 4, 1909
–
October 30, 1912
(Died in office)		 James S. Sherman
1855–1912
(Lived 57 years)
[45]		{{small>(1903–1909)}} Republican1908William H. Taft
Office vacant October 30, 1912 – March 4, 1913{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}
28March 4, 1913
–
March 4, 1921		Thomas R. Marshall
1854–1925
(Lived 71 years)
[46]		27th Governor of Indiana
{{small|(1909–1913)}}		Democratic 1912Woodrow Wilson
1916
29 March 4, 1921
–
August 2, 1923
(Became President)		 Calvin Coolidge
1872–1933
(Lived 60 years)
[47][48][49]		{{small>(1919–1921)}} Republican1920 Warren G. Harding
(Died in office)
Office vacant August 2, 1923 – March 4, 1925{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}Calvin Coolidge
30
March 4, 1925
–
March 4, 1929		 Charles G. Dawes
1865–1951
(Lived 85 years)
[50]		{{small>(1921–1922)}}
{{small|(No prior elected office)}}		 Republican 1924
31 March 4, 1929
–
March 4, 1933		 Charles Curtis
1860–1936
(Lived 76 years)
[51]		{{small>(1907–1913 and 1915–1929)}}
President pro tempore
{{small|(1911)}}
Senate Majority Leader
{{small|(1925–1929)}}		 Republican 1928 Herbert Hoover
32March 4, 1933
–
January 20, 1941{{Efn|name="AmendmentXX-term"}}		John N. Garner
1868–1967
(Lived 98 years)
[52]		Representative for Texas's 15th district
{{small|(1903–1933)}}
House Minority Leader
{{small|(1929–1931)}}
Speaker of the House
{{small|(1931–1933)}}		Democratic 1932Franklin D. Roosevelt
(Died in office)
1936
33
January 20, 1941
–
January 20, 1945		 Henry A. Wallace
1888–1965
(Lived 77 years)
[53]		{{small>(1933–1940)}}
{{small|(No prior elected office)}}		 Democratic 1940
34 January 20, 1945
–
April 12, 1945
(Became President)		 Harry S. Truman
1884–1972
(Lived 88 years)
[54][55][56]		{{small>(1935–1945)}} Democratic1944
Office vacant April 12, 1945 – January 20, 1949{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}Harry S. Truman
35 January 20, 1949
–
January 20, 1953		 Alben W. Barkley
1877–1956
(Lived 78 years)
[57]		{{small>(1927–1949)}}
Senate Majority Leader
{{small|(1937–1947)}}
Senate Minority Leader
{{small|(1947–1949)}}		 Democratic 1948
36January 20, 1953
–
January 20, 1961		Richard Nixon
1913–1994
(Lived 81 years)
[58][59][60]		Senator from California
{{small|(1950–1953)}}		Republican 1952Dwight D. Eisenhower
1956
37 January 20, 1961
–
November 22, 1963
(Became President)		 Lyndon B. Johnson
1908–1973
(Lived 64 years)
[61][62]		{{small>(1949–1961)}}
Senate Majority Leader
{{small|(1955–1961)}}		 Democratic1960 John F. Kennedy
(Died in office)
Office vacant November 22, 1963 – January 20, 1965{{Efn|name="Pre-25th"}}}}Lyndon B. Johnson
38 January 20, 1965
–
January 20, 1969		 Hubert Humphrey
1911–1978
(Lived 66 years)
[63]		{{small>(1949–1964)}}
Senate Majority Whip
{{small|(1961–1964)}}		 Democratic 1964
39January 20, 1969
–
October 10, 1973
(Resigned from office)		Spiro Agnew
1918–1996
(Lived 77 years)
[64]		55th Governor of Maryland
{{small|(1967–1969)}}		Republican 1968Richard Nixon
(Resigned from office)
1972
Office vacant October 10 – December 6, 1973{{Efn|name="Post-25th"}}}}
40 December 6, 1973
–
August 9, 1974
(Became President)		 Gerald Ford
1913–2006
(Lived 93 years)
[65][66][67]		{{small>(1949–1973)}}
House Minority Leader
{{small|(1965–1973)}}		 Republican
Office vacant August 9 – December 19, 1974{{Efn|name="Post-25th"}}}}Gerald Ford
41 December 19, 1974
–
January 20, 1977		 Nelson Rockefeller
1908–1979
(Lived 70 years)
[68]		{{small>(1959–1973)}} Republican
42 January 20, 1977
–
January 20, 1981		Walter Mondale
Born 1928
({{age>1928|1|5}} years old)
[69]		{{small>(1964–1976)}} Democratic 1976 Jimmy Carter
43January 20, 1981
–
January 20, 1989		George H. W. Bush
1924–2018
(Lived 94 years)
[70][71][72]		11th Director of Central Intelligence
{{small|(1976–1977)}}		Republican 1980Ronald Reagan
1984
44 January 20, 1989
–
January 20, 1993		Dan Quayle
Born 1947
({{age>1947|2|4}} years old)
[73]		{{small>(1981–1989)}} Republican 1988 George H. W. Bush
45January 20, 1993
–
January 20, 2001		Al Gore
Born 1948
({{age|1948|3|31}} years old)
[74]		Senator from Tennessee
{{small|(1985–1993)}}		Democratic 1992Bill Clinton
1996
46January 20, 2001
–
January 20, 2009		Dick Cheney
Born 1941
({{age|1941|1|30}} years old)
[75]		17th Secretary of Defense
{{small|(1989–1993)}}		Republican 2000George W. Bush
2004
47January 20, 2009
–
January 20, 2017		Joe Biden
Born 1942
({{age|1942|11|20}} years old)
[76]		Senator from Delaware
{{small|(1973–2009)}}		Democratic 2008Barack Obama
2012
48 January 20, 2017
–
Incumbent		Mike Pence
Born 1959
({{Age>1959|6|7}} years old)
[77][78]		{{small>(2013–2017)}} Republican 2016 Donald Trump

Subsequent public office

Twenty-five Vice Presidents held other high state or federal government positions after leaving the vice presidency. Fourteen went on to become President, namely John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Martin Van Buren, John Tyler, Millard Fillmore, Andrew Johnson, Chester A. Arthur, Theodore Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge, Harry S. Truman, Richard Nixon, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford and George H. W. Bush (nine of them did so following their predecessor's death or resignation); and six served in the Senate, namely John C. Calhoun, John C. Breckinridge, Hannibal Hamlin, Andrew Johnson, Alben W. Barkley and Hubert Humphrey. Several served as a member of the Cabinet or as an ambassador in later administrations, or in state government. Additionally, two former Vice Presidents, Tyler and Breckinridge, served in the government of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.

{{further|List of Vice Presidents of the United States by other offices held}}

Notes

{{notelist|2|refs={{efn|name="Definition"|The U.S. Vice Presidents are counted according to uninterrupted periods of time served by the same person. For example, John Adams served two consecutive terms and is counted as the first vice president (not the first and second). Likewise, George Clinton is counted as the fourth and John Calhoun as the seventh, even though each one's consecutive terms in office were served under more than one president. Following the resignation of 39th vice president Spiro Agnew, Gerald Ford became the 40th vice president even though he was chosen to serve out the remainder of Agnew's second term. Then, after Ford succeeded to the presidency later in that same term, Nelson Rockefeller became the 41st vice president and served out the remainder of the term.}}{{efn|name="position"|Listed here (unless otherwise noted) is the most recent position—either with a U.S. state or the federal government, or with a private corporation—held by the individual prior to becoming Vice President of the United States.}}{{efn|name="JA-start"|Due to logistical delays, John Adams assumed the office of Vice President {{age in years, months and days|1789|3|4|1789|4|21}} after the March 4, 1789 scheduled start of operations of the new government under the Constitution. As a result, his first term was only {{age in days|Apr 21, 1789|Mar 4, 1793}} days long, and was the shortest term for a U.S. vice president who served a full term.}}{{efn|name="ProAdmin"|Pro-Administration is a contemporary term used to describe the supporters of the political and economic policies of the Washington Administration prior to the formation of the Federalist and Democratic–Republican parties.}}{{efn|name="Washington-nonpartisan"|George Washington remained unaffiliated with any political faction or party throughout his eight-year presidency. Greatly concerned about the very real capacity of political parties to destroy the fragile unity holding the nation together, he was, and remains, the only U.S. President never to be affiliated with a political party.}}{{efn|name="Adams-Jefferson"|The 1796 presidential election was the first contested American presidential election and resulted in a situation where the persons elected President and Vice President belonged to opposing political parties. Federalist John Adams was elected President, and Thomas Jefferson of the Democratic-Republicans was elected Vice President.}}{{efn|name="Pre-25th"|Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment, February 10, 1967, an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency could not be filled.}}{{efn|name="Calhoun-party"|John Calhoun, formerly a Democratic-Republican, founded the Nullifier Party in 1828 to advance the cause of states' rights, but was brought on as Andrew Jackson's running mate in the 1828 presidential election in an effort to broaden the political coalition emerging around Jackson.}}{{efn|name="Jackson-party"|Andrew Jackson's supporters from the former Democratic-Republican Party, which had largely collapsed by the mid-1820s, began calling themselves Democrat' during his first term in office, thus marking the evolution of Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party into the modern Democratic Party.}}{{efn|name="King-start"|Ill with tuberculosis, William King traveled to Cuba after the 1852 election in an effort to regain his health, and was not able to be in Washington, D.C. to take his oath of office on March 4, 1853. By a Special Act of Congress, he was allowed to take the oath outside the United States, and was sworn in on March 24, 1853 near Matanzas, Cuba. He is the only Vice President to take his oath of office in a foreign country.}}{{efn|name="Lincoln-party"|When he ran for reelection in 1864, Republican Abraham Lincoln formed a bipartisan electoral alliance with War Democrats by selecting Democrat Andrew Johnson as his running mate, and running on the National Union Party ticket.}}{{efn|name="AmendmentXX-term"|The Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified on January 23, 1933, moved Inauguration Day from March 4 to January 20, beginning in 1937. As a result, John Nance Garner's first term in office was {{age in years, months and days|1937|1|20|1937|3|4}} shorter than a normal term.}}{{efn|name="Post-25th"|The Twenty-fifth Amendment established a process whereby an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency is filled by presidential appointment.}}
}}

See also

  • Acting President of the United States
  • Founding Fathers of the United States
  • List of Presidents of the United States
  • Presiding Officer of the United States Senate
  • United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection
{{portalbar|Government of the United States|Lists|Biography}}

References

1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Vice_President.htm|title=Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate)|publisher=United States Senate|accessdate=June 10, 2009}}
2. ^{{cite web| title=Vice President| url=https://system.uslegal.com/executive-branch/vice-president/| work=US Legal System| publisher=USLegal| accessdate=June 17, 2018}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/johnadams/ |title=Biography of John Adams |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/adams |title=John Adams – Federalist Party – 2nd President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225173126/http://www.history.com/presidents/adams |archivedate=February 25, 2009 |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?121951-1/life-portrait-john-adams |title=Life Portrait of John Adams |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
6. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/thomasjefferson/ |title=Biography of Thomas Jefferson |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov }}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/jefferson |title=Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021547/http://www.history.com/presidents/jefferson |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?121787-1/life-portrait-thomas-jefferson |title=Life Portrait of Thomas Jefferson |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
9. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/burr-1801-vicepresident|title= Aaron Burr (1801–1805) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
10. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/clinton-1805-george-vicepresident|title= George Clinton (1805–1809) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
11. ^{{cite web|url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/gerry-1813-vicepresident|title= Elbridge Gerry (1813–1814) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date= September 6, 2016|deadurl= yes|archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20161021144448/http://millercenter.org/president/essays/gerry-1813-vicepresident|archivedate= October 21, 2016|df= }}
12. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/tompkins-1817-vicepresident|title= Daniel D. Tompkins (1817–1825) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
13. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/calhoun-1825-vicepresident|title= John C. Calhoun (1825–1829) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
14. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/martinvanburen/|title=Biography of Martin Van Buren |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/vanburen |title=Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021457/http://www.history.com/presidents/vanburen |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?122988-1/life-portrait-martin-van-buren |title=Life Portrait of Martin Van Buren |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
17. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/johnson-1837-vicepresident |title= Richard M. Johnson (1837–1841) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/johntyler/|title=Biography of John Tyler |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov }}
19. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/tyler |title=John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021653/http://www.history.com/presidents/tyler |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?123380-1/life-portrait-john-tyler |title=Life Portrait of John Tyler |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
21. ^{{cite web |url= https://millercenter.org/president/polk/essays/dallas-1845-vicepresident|title= George M. Dallas (1845–1849) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/millardfillmore/|title=Biography of Millard Fillmore |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
23. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/fillmore |title=Millard Filmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021519/http://www.history.com/presidents/fillmore |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?124976-1/life-portrait-millard-fillmore |title=Life Portrait of Millard Fillmore |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
25. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/king-1853-vicepresident|title= William R. D. King (1853) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://millercenter.org/president/essays/breckinridge-1857-vicepresidentnt|title= John C. Breckinridge (1857–1861) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
27. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/hamlin-1861-vicepresident|title= Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
28. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/andrewjohnson/ |title=Biography of Andrew Johnson |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
29. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/andrewjohnson |title=Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021512/http://www.history.com/presidents/andrewjohnson |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
30. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?150104-1/life-portrait-andrew-johnson |title=Life Portrait of Andrew Johnson |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
31. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/colfax-1869-vicepresident|title= Schuyler Colfax (1869–1873) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
32. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/wilson-1873-vicepresident|title= Henry Wilson (1873–1875) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
33. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/wheeler-1877-vicepresident|title= William A. Wheeler (1877–1881) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
34. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/chesterarthur/ |title=Biography of Chester Arthur |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
35. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/arthur |title=Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021713/http://www.history.com/presidents/arthur |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
36. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151431-1/life-portrait-chester-arthur |title=Life Portrait of Chester A. Arthur |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
37. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/hendricks-1885-vicepresident|title= Thomas A. Hendricks (1885) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
38. ^{{cite web |url=http://millercenter.org/president/essays/morton-1889-vicepresident|title=Levi P. Morton – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
39. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/stevenson-1893-vicepresident |title= Adlai E. Stevenson (1893–1897) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
40. ^{{cite web |url= http://millercenter.org/president/essays/hobart-1897-vicepresident|title=Garret A. Hobart (1897–1899) – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
41. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/theodoreroosevelt/ |title=Biography of Theodore Roosevelt |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
42. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/teddyroosevelt |title=Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226034721/http://www.history.com/presidents/teddyroosevelt |archivedate=February 26, 2009 |df= }}
43. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151618-1/life-portrait-theodore-roosevelt |title=Life Portrait of Theodore Roosevelt |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
44. ^{{cite web |url=http://millercenter.org/president/essays/fairbanks-1901-vicepresident|title= Charles W. Fairbanks – Vice President |publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
45. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/sherman-1909-vicepresident|title= James S. Sherman – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
46. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/marshall-1913-vicepresident|title= Thomas R. Marshall – Vice President|publisher= Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
47. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/calvincoolidge/ |title=Biography of Calvin Coolidge |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 13, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
48. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/wilson |title=Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021442/http://www.history.com/presidents/wilson |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
49. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151626-1/life-portrait-calvin-coolidge |title=Life Portrait of Calvin Coolidge |accessdate=March 6, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
50. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/dawes-1923-vicepresident|title= Charles G. Dawes – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
51. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/curtis-1929-vicepresident|title= Charles Curtis – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
52. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/garner-1933-vicepresident|title= John N. Garner (1933–1941) – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
53. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/wallace-1941-vicepresident|title= Henry A. Wallace (1941–1945) – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
54. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/harrystruman/ |title=Biography of Harry S Truman |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
55. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/fdr |title=Harry S Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225043039/http://www.history.com/presidents/fdr |archivedate=February 25, 2009 |df= }}
56. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151629-1/life-portrait-harry-s-truman |title=Life Portrait of Harry S. Truman |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
57. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/barkley-1945-vicepresident|title= Alben W. Barkley – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
58. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/richardnixon/ |title=Richard M. Nixon |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
59. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/nixon |title=Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225070025/http://www.history.com/presidents/nixon |archivedate=February 25, 2009 |df= }}
60. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151633-1/life-portrait-richard-m-nixon |title=Life Portrait of Richard M. Nixon |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
61. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/kennedy |title=Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226041544/http://www.history.com/presidents/kennedy |archivedate=February 26, 2009 |df= }}
62. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151632-1/life-portrait-lyndon-b-johnson |title=Life Portrait of Lyndon B. Johnson |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
63. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/humphrey-1963-vicepresident|title= Hubert H. Humphrey – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
64. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/agnew-1969-vicepresident|title= Spiro T. Agnew (1969–1973) – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
65. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/about/presidents/geraldford/ |title=Biography of Gerald R. Ford |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
66. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/presidents/ford |title=Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090305021527/http://www.history.com/presidents/ford |archivedate=March 5, 2009 |df= }}
67. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151634-1/life-portrait-gerald-r-ford |title=Life Portrait of Gerald R. Ford |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
68. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/rockefeller-1974-vicepresident|title= Nelson A. Rockefeller – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
69. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/mondale-1977-vicepresident|title= Walter Mondale – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
70. ^{{cite web |url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/1600/presidents/georgehwbush |title=Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |date=March 12, 2007 |publisher=Whitehouse.gov}}
71. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/george-bush |title=George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents |accessdate=January 12, 2009 |publisher=History }}
72. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.c-span.org/video/?151637-1/life-portrait-george-hw-bush |title=Life Portrait of George H.W. Bush |accessdate=March 7, 2016 |work=American Presidents: Life Portrait |publisher=C-SPAN }}
73. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/quayle-1989-vicepresident|title= J. Danforth Quayle – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
74. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/gore-1993-vicepresident|title= Albert Gore, Jr. – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
75. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/cheney-2001-vicepresident|title= Richard B. Cheney – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
76. ^{{cite web |url = http://millercenter.org/president/essays/biden-2009-vicepresident|title= Joseph Biden – Vice President|publisher=Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia|access-date=September 6, 2016}}
77. ^{{cite news|last1=Flegenheimer|first1=Matt|last2=Barbaro|first2=Michael|title=Donald Trump Is Elected President in Stunning Repudiation of the Establishment|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/09/us/politics/hillary-clinton-donald-trump-president.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 9, 2016|accessdate=November 13, 2016}}
78. ^{{cite web|title=Vice President Mike Pence|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/administration/vice-president-pence|website=whitehouse.gov|accessdate=January 31, 2017|date=January 20, 2017}}

External links

{{Commons category|Vice Presidents of the United States}}
  • [https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/vicepresident/ Official White House website for the Vice President]
  • Vice presidents of the United States. CNN. July 22, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  • Mark O. Hatfield, et al.; edited by Wendy Wolff (1997). [https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDOC-104sdoc26/pdf/CDOC-104sdoc26.pdf Vice Presidents of the United States 1789–1993]. U.S. Senate Historical Office. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington.
{{US Vice Presidents}}{{Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents}}{{USCongress}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Vice Presidents Of The United States}}

4 : Lists of vice presidents|Vice presidency of the United States-related lists|Vice Presidents of the United States|Lists of legislative speakers in the United States
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