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词条 LNER Class B17
释义

  1. Background

  2. Design

  3. Construction

     Sub-classes 

  4. Rebuilding

  5. Accidents and incidents

  6. Summary table

  7. Preservation and revival

  8. Modelling

  9. References

  10. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}{{Infobox locomotive
| name = LNER Class B17
| powertype = Steam
| image = March railway Ely - Birmingham express geograph-2315649-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
| alt =
| caption = B17/6 No. 61642 Kilverstone Hall.
| designer = Nigel Gresley
| builder = North British Locomotive Co. (10)
Darlington Works (52)
R. Stephenson & Co. (11)
| ordernumber =
| serialnumber = NBL: 23803–23812
RS: 4124–4134
| buildmodel =
| builddate = 1928–1937
| totalproduction = 73
| rebuilder =
| rebuilddate =
| numberrebuilt =
| whytetype = 4-6-0
| uicclass = 2′C h3
| gauge = {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}
| leadingdiameter = {{convert|3|ft|2|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| driverdiameter = {{convert|6|ft|8|in|m|3|abbr=on}}
| minimumcurve =
| wheelbase =
| length = {{convert|62|ft|2|in|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|p=96}}
| width = {{convert|8|ft|11|in|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Haresnape|1981|p=96}}
| height = {{convert|12|ft|11|in|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Haresnape|1981|p=96}}
| axleload =
| weightondrivers =
| locoweight = {{convert|77.25|-|80.5|LT|t ST|abbr=on}}
| tenderweight =
| locotenderweight =
| tendertype =
| fueltype = Coal
| fuelcap =
| watercap =
| tendercap =
| sandcap =
| diameterinside = {{convert|5|ft|4.75|in|mm|abbr=on}} to {{convert|5|ft|6|in|mm|abbr=on}} outside
| boilerpressure = B17/1 to B17/5: {{convert|200|psi|MPa|2|abbr=on}}
B17/6: {{convert|225|psi|MPa|2|abbr=on}}
| feedwaterheater =
| firearea =
| tubearea =
| fluearea =
| tubesandflues =
| fireboxarea = {{convert|168|sqft|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|p=96}}
| totalsurface = {{convert|1676|sqft|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|p=96}}
| superheatertype =
| superheaterarea = {{convert|344|sqft|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|p=96}}
| cylindercount = Three
| cylindersize = {{convert|17+1/2|x|26|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| valvegear = Outside: Walschaerts
Inside: Gresley conjugated
| valvetype = {{convert|8|in|mm|0|adj=on}} piston valves
| valvetravel =
| valvelap =
| valvelead =
| transmission =
| maxspeed =
| poweroutput =
| tractiveeffort = B17/1 to B17/5: {{convert|25380|lbf|kN|1|abbr=on}}
B17/6: {{convert|28553|lbf|kN|1|abbr=on}}
| factorofadhesion =
| trainheating =
| locobrakes =
| locobrakeforce =
| trainbrakes =
| safety =
| operator = London and North Eastern Railway » British Railways
| operatorclass =
| powerclass = BR: B17/1 to B17/5: 5MT; B17/6: 6P5F
| numinclass =
| fleetnumbers =
| officialname =
| axleloadclass = Route Availability 5
| locale =
| deliverydate =
| firstrundate =
| lastrundate =
|nicknames=Footballers, Sandringhams
| withdrawndate = 1952–1960
| preservedunits =
| restoredate =
| scrapdate =
| currentowner =
| disposition = All original locomotives scrapped, one replica and one new-build under construction
| notes =
}}

The London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) Class B17, also known as "Sandringham" or "Footballer" class was a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotive designed by Nigel Gresley for hauling passenger services on the Great Eastern Main Line. In total 73 were built.

Background

By 1926, the former GE B12 class locomotives were no longer able to cope with the heaviest express passenger trains on the Great Eastern Main Line between London and Cambridge, Ipswich and Norwich. Yet Gresley was unable to use his larger classes due to severe weight restrictions on the line. The requirement for a lightweight yet powerful 4-6-0 proved to be difficult to achieve.[1]

Design

After several unsuccessful attempts by Doncaster Works to satisfy Gresley's specification, the contract for the detailed design and building of the class was given to the North British Locomotive Company in 1927. They used several features from a batch of A1 Pacifics they had built in 1924. The cab, cylinders, and motion had all been copied directly or slightly modified. Most of the boiler design was taken from the LNER Class K3 2-6-0 and LNER Class O2 2-8-0 designs. Darlington Works provided drawings for the bogies, and Stratford Works designs for the GE-type {{convert|3700|impgal|adj=on}}, {{convert|4|LT|adj=on}} tender.[2]

Due to weight restrictions it proved to be impossible for all three cylinders to drive the middle coupled axle, the design used divided drive with the middle cylinder driving the leading axle and was positioned forward above the front bogie.[3]

The LNER also ordered some modifications, including an increase in cylinder size from {{convert|17|in|0|abbr=on}} to {{convert|17+1/2|in|0|abbr=on}}, and a lengthening of the firebox by {{convert|5|in|1|abbr=on}} with longer frames, and lighter springs. The design continued to prove problematic and the LNER eventually cancelled a penalty clause in the original contract. The first locomotive, No. 2802 Walsingham was delivered 30 November 1928, thirteen weeks late.[4]

Construction

Ten locomotives were built by the North British Locomotive Company (works nos. 23803-12) during November and December, which were allocated the running numbers 2800-9. Five further orders were placed with Darlington Works between December 1928 and March 1935 for a further fifty-two locomotives to be delivered between August 1930 and June 1936. A final batch of eleven were ordered from Robert Stephenson and Company in February 1936 (works nos. 4124-34) for delivery between January and July 1937; resulting in a total of 73 B17s built.

Sub-classes

The first ten by the North British Locomotive Company were designated B17, later B17/1. The second and third batches had boilers supplied by Armstrong Whitworth and different springing and became B17/2. The next two batches had different springing and were designated B17/3. However, as the locomotives passed through the works the original springs were replaced by those of the later design and in 1937 the three sub-classes were merged into B17/1. The final Darlington batch introduced in 1936, and those built by Robert Stephenson and Company had {{convert|4200|impgal|adj=on}}, {{convert|7.5|LT|adj=on}} tenders and were intended for use in the North Eastern area of the LNER: these were designated B17/4.[4]

In September 1937 two locomotives (Nos. 2859 Norwich City and 2870 Tottenham Hotspur were streamlined in the manner of the LNER Class A4s, renamed East Anglian and City of London and intended for use on the East Anglian train. They were designated B17/5. However, the streamlining was cladding for publicity purposes only and had little effect on the overall speed of the locomotive. By 1951 both engines had been stripped of the streamlining altogether.[5]

Between 1943 and 1957 most of the surviving members of the class were rebuilt with a LNER 100A boiler with increased pressure and were designated B17/6.

Rebuilding

Ten B17s were rebuilt by Edward Thompson as 2-cylinder locomotives with a LNER 100A boiler, between 1945 and 1949, becoming the Class B2. No more were rebuilt because of the success of the Thompson's B1 class.

Accidents and incidents

  • On 4 October 1929, locomotive No. 2808 Gunton was hauling an express passenger train which was in collision with a freight train at Tottenham, London after the latter had departed against a danger signal and subsequently stopped foul of a junction.{{sfn|Earnshaw|1990|p=16}}
  • On 15 February 1937, locomotive No. 2829 Narworth Castle was hauling a passenger train that was derailed at Sleaford North Junction, Lincolnshire due to excessive speed on a curve. Four people were killed and sixteen were injured, one seriously.{{sfn|Earnshaw|1991|p=26}}
  • On 10 February 1941, locomotive No. 2828 Harewood House was hauling an express passenger train that came to a halt between {{rws|Harold Wood}} and {{rws|Brentwood}}, Essex as it was too heavy for the locomotive. A passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with the express. Seven people were killed and seventeen were seriously injured.{{sfn|Earnshaw|1991|p=28}}
  • On 16 January 1944, locomotive 2868 Bradford City was hauling a train from Great Yarmouth to Liverpool Street which was hit from behind by a train from Norwich in darkness and dense fog at Ilford station. Nine people were killed and 38 injured.[6]
  • On 2 January 1947, locomotive No. 1602 Walsingham was hauling an express passenger train that overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with a local passenger train at {{rws|Gidea Park}}, Essex. Seven people were killed and 45 were hospitalised.{{sfn|Earnshaw|1991|p=30}}

Summary table

LNER
No.		 BR
No.		 Original Name (Rename(s)) Date built Date rebuilt Rebuilt
as		 Date
withdrawn		 Notes
2800 61600 Sandringham1928|12}}1950|06}} B17/61958|07}}
2801 61601 Holkham1928|12}} — —1958|01}}
2802 61602 Walsingham1928|11}}1951|10}} B17/61958|01}}
2803 61603 Framlingham1928|12}}1946|10}} B21958|09}}
2804 61604 Elveden1928|12}}1951|11}} B17/61953|08}}
2805 61605 Burnham Thorpe
(Lincolnshire Regiment from April 1938)		1928|12}}1948|01}} B17/61958|05}}
2806 61606 Audley End1928|12}}1950|03}} B17/61958|09}}
2807 61607 Blickling1928|12}}1947|05}} B21959|12}}
2808 61608 Gunton1928|12}}1950|10}} B17/61960|03}}
2809 61609 Quidenham1928|12}}1952|01}} B17/61958|06}}
2810 61610 Honingham Hall1930|08}}1953|10}} B17/61960|01}}
2811 61611 Raynham Hall1930|08}}1956|02}} B17/61959|10}}
2812 61612 Houghton Hall1930|10}}1950|03}} B17/61959|09}}
2813 61613 Woodbastwick Hall1930|10}}1951|12}} B17/61959|12}}
2814 61614 Castle Hedingham1930|10}}1946|11}} B21959|06}}
2815 61615 Culford Hall1930|10}}1946|04}} B21959|02}}
2816 61616 Fallodon1930|10}}1945|11}} B21959|09}}
2817 21617 Ford Castle1930|11}}1946|12}} B21958|08}}
2818 61618 Wynyard Park1930|11}}1958|04}} B17/61960|01}}
2819 61619 Welbeck Abbey1930|11}}1953|01}} B17/61958|09}}
2820 61620 Clumber1930|11}}1951|12}} B17/61960|01}}
2821 61621 Hatfield House1930|11}}1955|01}} B17/61958|11}}
2822 61622 Alnwick Castle1931|01}}1943|10}} B17/61958|09}}
2823 61623 Lambton Castle1931|02}}1948|04}} B17/61959|07}}
2824 61624 Lumley Castle1931|02}} — —1953|03}}
2825 61625 Raby Castle1931|02}} — —1959|12}}
2826 61626 Brancepeth Castle1931|03}}1955|04}} B17/61960|01}}
2827 61627 Aske Hall1931|03}}1948|11}} B17/61959|07}}
2828 61628 Harewood House1931|03}}1948|12}} B17/61952|09}} First to be withdrawn
2829 61629 Naworth Castle1931|04}} — —1959|09}}
2830 61630 Thoresby Park
(Tottenham Hotspur from January 1938)		1931|04}}1948|12}} B17/61958|08}}
2831 61631 Serlby Hall1931|05}}1957|10}} B17/61959|04}}
2832 Belvoir Castle
(Royal Sovereign from September 1958)		1931|05}}1947|06}} B21959|02}}
2833 61633 Kimbolton Castle1931|05}}1948|08}} B17/61959|09}}
2834 61634 Hinchingbrooke1931|06}}1957|01}} B17/61958|08}}
2835 61635 Milton1931|07}}1949|01}} B17/61959|01}}
2836 61636 Harlaxton Manor1931|07}}1950|05}} B17/61959|10}}
2837 61637 Thorpe Hall1933|03}}1957|11}} B17/61959|09}}
2838 61638 Melton Hall1933|03}}1948|12}} B17/61958|03}}
2839 61639 Rendlesham Hall
(Norwich City from January 1938)		1933|05}}1946|01}} B21959|05}}
2840 61640 Somerleyton Hall1933|05}}1955|05}} B17/61958|11}}
2841 61641 Gayton Hall1933|05}}1949|02}} B17/61960|01}}
2842 61642 Kilverstone Hall1933|05}}1949|01}} B17/61958|09}}
2843 61643 Champion Lodge1935|05}}1954|10}} B17/61958|07}}
2844 61644 Earlham Hall1935|05}}1949|03}} B21959|02}}
2845 61645 The Suffolk Regiment1935|06}}1952|12}} B17/61959|02}}
2846 61646 Gilwell Park1935|08}}1951|02}} B17/61959|01}}
2847 61647 Helmingham Hall1935|09}}1958|02}} B17/61959|11}}
2848 61648 Arsenal1936|03}}1957|10}} B17/61958|12}}
2849 61649 Sheffield United1936|03}}1954|03}} B17/61959|02}}
2850 61650 Grimsby Town1936|03}}1955|02}} B17/61958|09}}
2851 61651 Derby County1936|03}}1953|06}} B17/61959|08}}
2852 61652 Darlington1936|04}}1948|03}} B17/61959|09}}
2853 61653 Huddersfield Town1936|04}}1954|05}} B17/61960|01}}
2854 61654 Sunderland1936|04}}1948|04}} B17/61959|11}}
2855 61655 Middlesbrough1936|04}}1950|07}} B17/61959|04}}
2856 61656 Leeds United1936|05}}1953|11}} B17/61960|01}}
2857 61657 Doncaster Rovers1936|05}}1950|10}} B17/61960|06}}
2858 61658 Newcastle United
(The Essex Regiment from June 1936)		1936|05}}1950|09}} B17/61959|12}}
2859 61659 Norwich City
(East Anglian from September 1937)		1936|06}}1949|07}} B17/61960|03}}
2860 61660 Hull City1936|06}} — —1960|06}}
2861 61661 Sheffield Wednesday1936|06}}1955|08}} B17/61959|07}}
2862 61662 Manchester United1937|01}}1955|03}} B17/61959|12}} Newbuild working replica being built.
2863 61663 Everton1937|02}}1951|11}} B17/61960|02}}
2864 61664 Liverpool1937|01}}1943|10}} B17/61960|06}}
2865 61665 Leicester City1937|01}}1949|08}} B17/61959|04}}
2866 61666 Nottingham Forest1937|02}}1947|12}} B17/61960|03}}
2867 61667 Bradford1937|04}} — —1958|06}}
2868 61668 Bradford City1937|04}}1949|06}} B17/61960|08}} Last to be withdrawn
2869 61669 Barnsley1937|05}}1949|09}} B17/61958|09}}
2870 61670 Manchester City
(Tottenham Hotspur from May 1937)
(City of London from September 1937)		1937|05}}1951|04}} B17/61960|04}}
2871 61671 Manchester City
(Royal Sovereign from April 1946)		1937|06}}1948|08}} B21958|09}}
2872 61672 West Ham United1937|07}}1950|09}} B17/61960|03}}
*2873 61673 Spirit of Sandringham - - - - Newbuild member of the class.

Preservation and revival

Several were named after football clubs. None of the class have survived into preservation but a few of the football clubs were presented with the nameplates after the locomotives were scrapped.

In Steam Railway magazine issue 349, on 1 May 2008 the North British Locomotive Preservation Group launched a unique project to build two LNER Class B17 4-6-0s. One to be a replica, which is named after a football club, 61662 Manchester United.[7] The other will be the newest member of the class, 61673 Spirit of Sandringham.[8]

The frames of a Great Eastern Railway tender, fitted with an original axle from 2802 'Walsingham', and a LNER tender have been secured for the project and are now based on the Mid-Norfolk Railway, where the LNER tender is to be cosmetically restored for display.[9]

Modelling

Having previously produced tender drive OO gauge models of the "Footballer"-spec B17s, Hornby Railways released an all-new locomotive drive model of the B17 in 2013, available in both B17/1 and B17/6 subclasses with either the small GER-region tender or the larger LNER group standard 4200 gallon tender.[10]

Dapol manufacture a model of a B17 in N scale, which was awarded Steam Model Railway Locomotive of the year for N gauge.[11]

References

1. ^{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|pp=93–94}}
2. ^{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|p=94}}
3. ^{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|pp=95, 122}}
4. ^1 {{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|pp=94–95, 122}}
5. ^{{harvnb|Boddy|Brown|Fry|Hennigan|1975|pp=95, 123}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/MoT_Ilford1944.pdf|title=Report on the Accident at Ilford on 16th January 1944|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Ministry of War Transport|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|accessdate=26 Sep 2017}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.engine61662appeal.co.uk/|title=Engine 61662 Appeal - Home Page|website=www.engine61662appeal.co.uk|access-date=2016-11-27}}
8. ^B17 Steam Locomotive Trust, accessed 13 December 2013
9. ^{{cite journal |title=Moving the B17 Tenders |journal=Blastpipe |date=Winter 2012 |first= |last= |issue=113 |page=22 }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hornbymagazine.com/view_article.asp?ID=6163 |title=Reviews: Hornby’s Gresley ‘B17’ 4-6-0 arrives! |work=Hornby Magazine |accessdate=2013-02-15}}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dapol.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=412&Itemid=65 |title=B17 N gauge steam loco of the year |work=Dapol |accessdate=2012-03-16}}
Sources
  • {{RCTS-LocosLNER-2B}}
  • {{cite book |last=Earnshaw |first=Alan |title=Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6 |year=1990 |publisher=Atlantic Books |location=Penryn |isbn=0-906899-37-0 |ref=harv }}
  • {{cite book |last=Earnshaw |first=Alan |title=Trains in Trouble: Vol. 7 |year=1991 |publisher=Atlantic Books |location=Penryn |isbn=0-906899-50-8 |ref=harv }}
  • {{cite book |last=Haresnape |first=Brian |title=Gresley Locomotives: A Pictorial History |date=October 1981 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton |isbn=0-7110-0892-2 |id=DX/1081 |ref=harv }}
  • {{cite book |last=Yeadon |first=Willie |authorlink=Willie Yeadon |year=1993 |title=Yeadon's Register of LNER Locomotives Vol.5: Gresley B17 and Thompson B2 Classes |publisher=Irwell Press}}

External links

{{commons category|LNER Class B17}}
  • The Sandringham Locomotive Company Ltd
  • LNER encyclopedia
  • Railuk B17/1 B17/2, B17/3, B17/4, B17/5 and B17/6
{{LNER Locomotives}}

9 : London and North Eastern Railway locomotives|4-6-0 locomotives|2′C h3 locomotives|NBL locomotives|Robert Stephenson and Company locomotives|Streamlined steam locomotives|Railway locomotives introduced in 1928|Scrapped locomotives|Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
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