| 词条 | Lobules of liver | ||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| Name = Lobules of liver | Latin = lobuli hepatis | Greek = | Image = 2423 Microscopic Anatomy of Liver.jpg | Caption = The structure of the liver’s functional units or lobules. Blood enters the lobules through branches of the portal vein and hepatic artery proper, then flows through sinusoids. | Width = | Image2 = | Caption2 = | Precursor = | System = }} A hepatic lobule is a small division of the liver defined at the microscopic (histological scale). The hepatic lobule is a building block of the liver matter, consisting of a portal triad, hepatocytes arranged in linear cords between a capillary network, and a central vein. It should not be confused with the anatomic lobes of the liver (caudate lobe, quadrate lobe, left lobe, and right lobe), or any of the functional lobe classification systems. The two-dimensional microarchitecture of the liver can be viewed from multiple different perspectives:[1]
The term "hepatic lobule", without qualification, typically refers to the classical lobule. StructureThe hepatic lobule can be described in terms of metabolic "zones", describing the hepatic acinus (terminal acinus). Each zone is centered on the line connecting two portal triads and extends outwards to the two adjacent central veins. The periportal zone I is nearest to the entering vascular supply and receives the most oxygenated blood, making it least sensitive to ischemic injury while making it very susceptible to viral hepatitis. Conversely, the centrilobular zone III has the poorest oxygenation, and will be most affected during a time of ischemia.[5] Portal triadThe portal triad is a functional unit of the liver and consists of three vessels, the interlobular arterie, the interlobular vein and a bile duct. FunctionZones differ by function:
Other zonal injury patterns include zone I deposition of hemosiderin in hemochromatosis and zone II necrosis in yellow fever.[6] Clinical significanceBridging fibrosis, a type of fibrosis seen in several types of liver injury, describes fibrosis from the central vein to the portal triad.[8]References1. ^Cell and Tissue Structure at U. Va. 2. ^{{OklahomaHistology|88_03}} 3. ^{{OklahomaHistology|88_09a}} 4. ^{{OklahomaHistology|88_09b}} 5. ^{{cite book |author1=B.R. Bacon |author2=J.G. O'Grady |author3=A.M. Di Bisceglie |author4=J.R. Lake |title=Comprehensive Clinical Hepatology|year=2006|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=0-323-03675-9}} 6. ^1 {{cite book |editor1=E.R. Schiff |editor2=M.F. Sorrell |editor3=W.C. Maddrey |title=Schiff's Diseases of the Liver, Tenth Edition|year=2007 |publisher=Lippincott William & Wilkins|isbn=0-7817-6040-2}} 7. ^{{cite book|editor=D.S. Basow|author1=M.J. Burns |author2=S.L. Friedman |author3=A.M. Larson |title=UpToDate|year=2009 |publisher=UpToDate|location=Waltham, MA|chapter=Acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning in adults: Pathophysiology, presentation, and diagnosis}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=The liver ~ Medical student education – Tissupath |url=http://tissupath.com.au/education-medical-student-liver/ |website=tissupath.com.au |accessdate=20 June 2018}} External links
1 : Liver anatomy |
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