| 词条 | London Beer Flood | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|title=London Beer Flood |image_name = The manor house of Toten Hall - 1813.gif |caption = Toten Hall house in Tottenham Court Road |image_alt = A street scene in St. Giles the year before the flood |date = 17 October 1814 [1] |time = |place = St. Giles, London, England |coordinates = {{coord|51.51656|-0.13014|type:event_region:GB|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |cause = Structural failure |casualties1 = 8 dead[1] |casualties2 = Unknown number injured }} The London Beer Flood happened on 17 October 1814[1] in the parish of St. Giles, London, England. At the Meux and Company Brewery[2] in Tottenham Court Road,[2][3] a huge vat containing over {{convert|135000|impgal|L}} of beer ruptured, causing other vats in the same building to succumb in a domino effect. As a result, more than {{convert|323000|impgal|L}} of beer burst out and gushed into the streets. The wave of beer destroyed two homes and crumbled the wall of the Tavistock Arms pub, killing teenage employee Eleanor Cooper under the rubble.[4] Within minutes neighbouring George Street and New Street were swamped, seriously injuring a mother, and killing a daughter and young neighbour who were taking tea. The beer also surged through a room of people gathered for a wake, killing five of them.[5] HistoryThe brewery was among the poor houses and tenements of the St Giles Rookery, where whole families lived in basement rooms that quickly filled with beer. At least eight people were known to have drowned in the flood or died from injuries. The brewery was eventually taken to court over the accident, but the disaster was ruled to be an Act of God by the judge and jury, leaving no one responsible.[6] There were speculations of corruption regarding the court ruling but no official statement was made. The company found it difficult to cope with the financial implications of the disaster, with a significant loss of sales made worse because they had already paid duty on the beer. They made a successful application to Parliament reclaiming the duty which allowed them to continue trading.[7] The brewery was demolished in 1922, and the Dominion Theatre later occupied part of the site. In 2012, a local pub, the Holborn Whippet, started to mark this event with a vat of porter brewed especially for the day.{{citationneeded|date=August 2017}} Fatalities
See also{{Portal|London}}
References1. ^{{cite book|title=The Oxford Companion to Beer|page=48}} 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|last=Greenberg|first=Michael I.|title=Disaster!: A Compendium of Terrorist, Natural, and Man-made Catastrophes|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Publishers|pages=156|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZAdQAuPyKAC&pg=PA156&dq=%22beer+flood%22&hl=nl&sig=Y6Ha_T9sgglenbul8-ZzlGoTUaY|isbn=0-7637-3989-8}} 3. ^{{cite book|last=Rennison|first=Nicholas|title=The Book of Lists: London|publisher=Canongate Books Ltd|date=2 November 2006|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Book-Lists-London-Nicholas-Rennison/dp/1841956767|isbn=978-1-84195-676-3}} 4. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20060117063012/http://www.expage.com/page/beerflood London Beer Flood] at Expages.com (archived version) 5. ^{{cite web|url=https://funlondontours.com/the-london-beer-flood-of-1814/|title=The London Beer Flood of 1814|date=10 July 2018|publisher=}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Rennison|first=Nick|title=Book of Lists London|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HWBquVNVZMUC&pg=PA149|accessdate=13 December 2013|year=2010|publisher=Canongate Books|isbn=978-1-84767-666-5|page=149}} 7. ^Industries: Brewing (British History Online) accessed 10 January 2009 8. ^ The Times (London), 19 October 1814 {{paywall|via=TimesOnline|date=October 2013}} External links
8 : 1814 disasters|1814 in England|Brewing in London|Disasters in London|History of the London Borough of Camden|19th-century industrial disasters|Regency London|October 1814 events |
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