| 词条 | Longnan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Longnan}} |official_name = |native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|陇南市}}}}}} |other_name = |nickname = |settlement_type =Prefecture-level city |total_type = |motto = |image_skyline = 鸡峰山国家森林公园.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Location of Longnan Prefecture within Gansu (China).png |mapsize = |map_caption = Location of Longnan City jurisdiction in Gansu |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y =
Longnan (Chinese: trad. {{lang|zh|{{linktext|隴南}}}}, simp. {{lang|zh|{{linktext|陇南}}}}, Lǒngnán, lit. "Southern Gansu"[2]) is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Gansu province in China. It borders Sichuan on its south and Shaanxi on its east. Geography and climateLongnan is in southern Gansu province bordering Shaanxi in the east and Sichuan in the south. It is called Gansu's southern gateway and gateway to the northwest. The major geographic features in Longnan are the Qinba Mountains in the east, the Loess Plateau in the north, and the Tibetan Plateau in the west. It is part of the Central Han basin in the east and the Sichuan basin in the south. Elevations range from {{convert|800|to|4200|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} above sea level. The three major rivers in Longnan are the Bailong, the Baishui, and the Jialing. Besides these major rivers there are more than 3800 streams and creeks. The annual flow from all of these rivers and streams is more than 28 billion m3. The area of the prefecture is {{convert|27000|km2|sigfig=2}}. Longnan has a temperate, monsoon-influenced semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk/BSh, depending on the source definition), with cool and very dry winters and hot, moderately humid summers. Due to the protected valley location and the southerly location in the province, the area is one of the warmest in Gansu, with annual temperatures ranging from {{convert|10|to|15|°C|°F}}. The annual precipitation is {{convert|400|to|1000|mm|in|0|abbr=on}}, while there are between 160 to 280 frost free days. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 34% in September and October to 53% in December, the city receives 1,850 sunlight hours annually. Two-thirds of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September. At Wudu, the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|3.3|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|24.8|°C|1}} in July, the annual mean is {{convert|14.63|°C|1}}, and the annual precipitation is {{convert|472|mm|1|abbr=on}}. {{Weather box|location = Wudu District (1971−2000) |single line = Y |metric first = Y |Jan record high C = 15.3 |Feb record high C = 21.6 |Mar record high C = 29.2 |Apr record high C = 33.2 |May record high C = 35.7 |Jun record high C = 37.6 |Jul record high C = 38.3 |Aug record high C = 38.6 |Sep record high C = 37.0 |Oct record high C = 29.2 |Nov record high C = 23.0 |Dec record high C = 17.3 |Jan high C = 8.0 |Feb high C = 10.6 |Mar high C = 15.5 |Apr high C = 21.8 |May high C = 25.8 |Jun high C = 28.4 |Jul high C = 30.3 |Aug high C = 29.9 |Sep high C = 24.4 |Oct high C = 19.5 |Nov high C = 14.5 |Dec high C = 9.3 |Jan mean C = 3.3 |Feb mean C = 5.9 |Mar mean C = 10.3 |Apr mean C = 15.8 |May mean C = 19.7 |Jun mean C = 22.6 |Jul mean C = 24.7 |Aug mean C = 24.2 |Sep mean C = 19.5 |Oct mean C = 14.9 |Nov mean C = 9.7 |Dec mean C = 4.5 |year mean C = 14.6 |Jan low C = −0.3 |Feb low C = 2.3 |Mar low C = 6.5 |Apr low C = 11.3 |May low C = 15.1 |Jun low C = 18.2 |Jul low C = 20.4 |Aug low C = 20.0 |Sep low C = 16.1 |Oct low C = 11.6 |Nov low C = 6.0 |Dec low C = 0.6 |Jan record low C = −7.5 |Feb record low C = −7.8 |Mar record low C = −3.6 |Apr record low C = −2.1 |May record low C = 5.1 |Jun record low C = 10.1 |Jul record low C = 14.8 |Aug record low C = 12.3 |Sep record low C = 8.4 |Oct record low C = 0.9 |Nov record low C = −4.8 |Dec record low C = −8.6 |year high C= 19.8 |year low C= 10.7 |year high F =67.7 |year low F =51.2 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 1.9 |Feb precipitation mm = 2.8 |Mar precipitation mm = 13.5 |Apr precipitation mm = 33.9 |May precipitation mm = 60.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 73.3 |Jul precipitation mm = 86.7 |Aug precipitation mm = 83.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 75.4 |Oct precipitation mm = 34.3 |Nov precipitation mm = 6.2 |Dec precipitation mm = .8 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 1.9 |Feb precipitation days = 2.7 |Mar precipitation days = 7.7 |Apr precipitation days = 10.4 |May precipitation days = 13.1 |Jun precipitation days = 13.9 |Jul precipitation days = 12.4 |Aug precipitation days = 12.0 |Sep precipitation days = 13.3 |Oct precipitation days = 11.7 |Nov precipitation days = 4.0 |Dec precipitation days = 1.1 |Jan humidity = 51 |Feb humidity = 50 |Mar humidity = 52 |Apr humidity = 52 |May humidity = 56 |Jun humidity = 60 |Jul humidity = 63 |Aug humidity = 64 |Sep humidity = 69 |Oct humidity = 67 |Nov humidity = 58 |Dec humidity = 53 |Jan sun = 151.8 |Jan percentsun = 48 |Feb sun = 127.2 |Feb percentsun = 41 |Mar sun = 135.6 |Mar percentsun = 37 |Apr sun = 167.0 |Apr percentsun = 43 |May sun = 178.9 |May percentsun = 42 |Jun sun = 164.0 |Jun percentsun = 38 |Jul sun = 184.4 |Jul percentsun = 42 |Aug sun = 187.6 |Aug percentsun = 45 |Sep sun = 127.1 |Sep percentsun = 34 |Oct sun = 120.7 |Oct percentsun = 34 |Nov sun = 143.5 |Nov percentsun = 46 |Dec sun = 161.8 |Dec percentsun = 53 |source = China Meteorological Administration }} HistoryLongnan was settled by humans at least 7000 years ago. Between 5000 and 6000 years ago, civilizations developed along the Xihan ("Western Han") and Bailong ("White Dragon") rivers. Anping in Wudu as well as Lixian both have ancient ruins. Longnan is very important in Chinese history: it was the home of Rong tribes that troubled the Shang and Zhou dynasties and is considered the homeland of the House of Ying, the family of the Qin dynasty that united China at the end of the Warring States period. Wudu County was even founded as part of the Qin Empire. It is still common to find Qin artifacts{{mdash}}including pottery, bronzes, and coins{{mdash}}in the area. During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, the region was ruled by the Qiang kingdoms of Later Qin and Tanchang, the latter has its capital in present-day Tanchang. Tanchang is conquered by Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou in 564. The region then went under control of Sui, Tang and Song dynasties, then subsequently conquered by the Tibetans, Tanguts, Jurchens and Mongols before finally administered by Ming dynasty court. AdministrationLongnan has 1 urban districts, 8 counties, 242 towns, and 3243 villages with a total population of 2567718.[3]
EconomyIn 2004, Longnan's GDP was 6,338,000,000 RMB, a 12% growth over the previous year. Important agricultural products include cereals and grains, Chinese medicinal herbs, vegetable oil, fruits, nuts, berries, and vegetables. Coal, copper, lead, zinc, petroleum, and gold are all major mineral resources for Longnan. Cement and other building materials are also produced here. Transportation
Flora and faunaLongnan has more than 1300 species of trees and shrubs, 1300 plants and herbs used for Chinese medicine, 100 wild fruits and berries, and 300 species of animals, many species of which are protected. Notes1. ^ tags-->|elevation_m = |elevation_max_m = |elevation_min_m = |population_as_of =2010|population_footnotes =Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010, 2011-05-09{{zh icon}} 2. ^Gansu's provincial abbreviation {{lang|zh|{{linktext|陇}}}} refers to Mount Long. "Longnan" originally referred to the area south of the mountain, just as Longxi was the area to its west. 3. ^Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129054059/http://www.tjcn.org/rkpcgb/rkpcgb/201105/19711.html |date=2014-11-29 }}, 2011-05-09{{zh icon}} External links
2 : Prefecture-level divisions of Gansu|Longnan |
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